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| 1 | Strong's Number: g446 | Greek: anthupatos |
Proconsul:
from anti, "instead of," and hupatos, "supreme," denotes "a consul, one acting in place of a consul, a proconsul, the governor of a senatorial province" (i.e., one which had no standing army). The "proconsuls" were of two classes,
(a) exconsuls, the rulers of the provinces of Asia and Africa, who were therefore "proconsuls"
(b) those who were ex-praetors or "proconsuls" of other senatorial provinces (a praetor being virtually the same as a consul). To the former belonged the "proconsuls" at Ephesus, Act 19:38 (AV, "deputies"); to the latter, Sergius Paulus in Cyprus, Act 13:7, 8, 12, and Gallio at Corinth, Act 18:12. In the NT times Egypt was governed by a prefect. Provinces in which a standing army was kept were governed by an imperial legate (e.g., Quirinius in Syria, Luk 2:2): see GOVERNOR, A, No. 1.
Note: Anthupateo, "to be proconsul," is in some texts in Act 18:12.
Proconsul:
(for, or in place of, the consul.) At the division of the provinces by Augustus, in the year B.C. 27, into senatorial and imperial, the emperor assigned to the senate such portions of territory as were peaceable and could be held without force of arms. Those which he retained were called imperial, and were governed by legates and procurators. SEE [PROCURATOR]. Over the senatorial provinces the senate appointed by lot yearly an officer, who was called "proconsul" and who exercised purely proconsul, civil functions. The provinces were in consequence called "proconsular."
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