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Then God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear.” And it was so.
Then God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night. They will serve as signs for seasons[fn] and for days and years.
“They will be lights in the expanse of the sky to provide light on the earth.” And it was so.
God made the two great lights — the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night — as well as the stars.
God also said, “Look, I have given you every seed-bearing plant on the surface of the entire earth and every tree whose fruit contains seed. This will be food for you,
“for all the wildlife of the earth, for every bird of the sky, and for every creature that crawls on the earth — everything having the breath of life in it — I have given[fn] every green plant for food.” And it was so.
Then the LORD God formed the man out of the dust from the ground and breathed the breath of life into his nostrils, and the man became a living being.
The LORD God caused to grow out of the ground every tree pleasing in appearance and good for food, including the tree of life in the middle of the garden, as well as the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Then the LORD God made the rib he had taken from the man into a woman and brought her to the man.
This is why a man leaves his father and mother and bonds with his wife, and they become one flesh.
The woman saw that the tree was good for food and delightful to look at, and that it was desirable for obtaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate it; she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.
“You will eat bread[fn] by the sweat of your brow
until you return to the ground,
since you were taken from it.
For you are dust,
and you will return to dust.”
The LORD God said, “Since the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil, he must not reach out, take from the tree of life, eat, and live forever.”
Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let's go out to the field.”[fn] And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.
Lamech said to his wives:
Adah and Zillah, hear my voice;
wives of Lamech, pay attention to my words.
For I killed a man for wounding me,
a young man for striking me.
“But I will establish my covenant with you, and you will enter the ark with your sons, your wife, and your sons' wives.
“You are also to bring into the ark two of all the living creatures, male and female, to keep them alive with you.
Then the LORD said to Noah, “Enter the ark, you and all your household, for I have seen that you alone are righteous before me in this generation.
So Noah, his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives entered the ark because of the floodwaters.
two of each, male and female, came to Noah and entered the ark, just as God had commanded him.
On that same day Noah and his three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, entered the ark, along with Noah's wife and his three sons' wives.
Two of every creature that has the breath of life in it came to Noah and entered the ark.
but the dove found no resting place for its foot. It returned to him in the ark because water covered the surface of the whole earth. He reached out and brought it into the ark to himself.
“Every creature that lives and moves will be food for you; as I gave the green plants, I have given you everything.
And God said, “This is the sign of the covenant I am making between me and you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all future generations:
“I have placed my bow in the clouds, and it will be a sign of the covenant between me and the earth.
“I will remember my covenant between me and you and all the living creatures: water will never again become a flood to destroy every creature.
The Canaanite border went from Sidon going toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and going toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim as far as Lasha.
They said to each other, “Come, let's make oven-fired bricks.” (They used brick for stone and asphalt for mortar.)
Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot (Haran's son), and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram's wife, and they set out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan. But when they came to Haran, they settled there.
The LORD said to Abram:
Go from your land,
your relatives,
and your father's house
to the land that I will show you.
I will make you into a great nation,
I will bless you,
I will make your name great,
and you will be a blessing.
He took his wife, Sarai, his nephew Lot, all the possessions they had accumulated, and the people they had acquired in Haran, and they set out for the land of Canaan. When they came to the land of Canaan,
Abram passed through the land to the site of Shechem, at the oak of Moreh. (At that time the Canaanites were in the land.)
From there he moved on to the hill country east of Bethel and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the east. He built an altar to the LORD there, and he called on the name of the LORD.
There was a famine in the land, so Abram went down to Egypt to stay there for a while because the famine in the land was severe.
When he was about to enter Egypt, he said to his wife, Sarai, “Look, I know what a beautiful woman you are.
Pharaoh's officials saw her and praised her to Pharaoh, so the woman was taken to Pharaoh's household.
“Why did you say, ‘She's my sister,' so that I took her as my wife? Now, here is your wife. Take her and go! ”
Abram went up from Egypt to the Negev — he, his wife, and all he had, and Lot with him.
He went by stages from the Negev to Bethel, to the place between Bethel and Ai where his tent had formerly been,
to the site where he had built the altar. And Abram called on the name of the LORD there.
“Isn't the whole land before you? Separate from me: if you go to the left, I will go to the right; if you go to the right, I will go to the left.”
Lot looked out and saw that the entire plain[fn] of the Jordan as far as Zoar was well watered everywhere like the LORD's garden and the land of Egypt. (This was before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.)
“Get up and walk around the land, through its length and width, for I will give it to you.”
Then the king of Sodom, the king of Gomorrah, the king of Admah, the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar) went out and lined up for battle in the Siddim Valley
Now the Siddim Valley contained many asphalt pits, and as the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, some fell into them,[fn] but the rest fled to the mountains.
After Abram returned from defeating Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, the king of Sodom went out to meet him in the Shaveh Valley (that is, the King's Valley).
He took him outside and said, “Look at the sky and count the stars, if you are able to count them.” Then he said to him, “Your offspring will be that numerous.”
“I will confirm my covenant that is between me and you and your future offspring throughout their generations. It is a permanent covenant to be your God and the God of your offspring after you.
“And to you and your future offspring[fn] I will give the land where you are residing — all the land of Canaan — as a permanent possession, and I will be their God.”
God also said to Abraham, “As for you, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations are to keep my covenant.
“This is my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you, which you are to keep: Every one of your males must be circumcised.
“Throughout your generations, every male among you is to be circumcised at eight days old — every male born in your household or purchased from any foreigner and not your offspring.
“Whether born in your household or purchased, he must be circumcised. My covenant will be marked in your flesh as a permanent covenant.
“I will bless her; indeed, I will give you a son by her. I will bless her, and she will produce nations; kings of peoples will come from her.”
But God said, “No. Your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will name him Isaac.[fn] I will confirm my covenant with him as a permanent covenant for his future offspring.
“As for Ishmael, I have heard you. I will certainly bless him; I will make him fruitful and will multiply him greatly. He will father twelve tribal leaders, and I will make him into a great nation.
“But I will confirm my covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this time next year.”
He looked up, and he saw three men standing near him. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them, bowed to the ground,
“I will bring a bit of bread so that you may strengthen yourselves. This is why you have passed your servant's way. Later, you can continue on.”
“Yes,” they replied, “do as you have said.”
Abraham ran to the herd and got a tender, choice calf. He gave it to a young man, who hurried to prepare it.
The LORD said, “I will certainly come back to you in about a year's time, and your wife Sarah will have a son! ” Now Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent behind him.
“Is anything impossible for the LORD? At the appointed time I will come back to you, and in about a year she will have a son.”
“Abraham is to become a great and powerful nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed through him.
The men turned from there and went toward Sodom while Abraham remained standing before the LORD.[fn]
When the LORD had finished speaking with Abraham, he departed, and Abraham returned to his place.
The two angels entered Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting in Sodom's gateway. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them. He bowed with his face to the ground
and said, “My lords, turn aside to your servant's house, wash your feet, and spend the night. Then you can get up early and go on your way.”
“No,” they said. “We would rather spend the night in the square.”
But he urged them so strongly that they followed him and went into his house. He prepared a feast and baked unleavened bread for them, and they ate.
“Look, I've got two daughters who haven't been intimate with a man. I'll bring them out to you, and you can do whatever you want[fn] to them. However, don't do anything to these men, because they have come under the protection of my roof.”
But the angels[fn] reached out, brought Lot into the house with them, and shut the door.
As soon as the angels got them outside, one of them[fn] said, “Run for your lives! Don't look back and don't stop anywhere on the plain! Run to the mountains, or you will be swept away! ”
“Your servant has indeed found favor with you, and you have shown me great kindness by saving my life. But I can't run to the mountains; the disaster will overtake me, and I will die.
From there Abraham traveled to the region of the Negev and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he was staying in Gerar,
Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know that you did this with a clear conscience.[fn] I have also kept you from sinning against me. Therefore I have not let you touch her.
Early in the morning Abimelech got up, called all his servants together, and personally[fn] told them all these things, and the men were terrified.
Then Abimelech called Abraham in and said to him, “What have you done to us? How did I sin against you that you have brought such enormous guilt on me and on my kingdom? You have done things to me that should never be done.”
“Besides, she really is my sister, the daughter of my father though not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife.
“So when God had me wander from my father's house, I said to her: Show your loyalty to me wherever we go and say about me, ‘He's my brother.' ”
And he said to Sarah, “Look, I am giving your brother one thousand pieces of silver. It is a verification of your honor[fn] to all who are with you. You are fully vindicated.”
Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the appointed time God had told him.
He replied, “You are to accept the seven ewe lambs from me so that this act[fn] will serve as my witness that I dug this well.”
After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.
“Take your son,” he said, “your only son Isaac, whom you love, go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains I will tell you about.”
So Abraham got up early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took with him two of his young men and his son Isaac. He split wood for a burnt offering and set out to go to the place God had told him about.
Then Isaac spoke to his father Abraham and said, “My father.”
And he replied, “Here I am, my son.”
Isaac said, “The fire and the wood are here, but where is the lamb for the burnt offering? ”
Abraham answered, “God himself will provide[fn] the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” Then the two of them walked on together.
Abraham looked up and saw a ram[fn] caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it as a burnt offering in place of his son.
“to give me the cave of Machpelah that belongs to him; it is at the end of his field. Let him give it to me in your presence, for the full price, as burial property.”
Ephron was sitting among the Hethites. So in the hearing[fn] of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city, Ephron the Hethite answered Abraham:
and said to Ephron in the hearing of the people of the land, “Listen to me, if you please. Let me pay the price of the field. Accept it from me, and let me bury my dead there.”
Abraham agreed with Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver that he had agreed to in the hearing of the Hethites: four hundred standard shekels[fn] of silver.
Abraham's possession in the sight of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city.
The servant said to him, “Suppose the woman is unwilling to follow me to this land? Should I have your son go back to the land you came from? ”
“If the woman is unwilling to follow you, then you are free from this oath to me, but don't let my son go back there.”
The servant took ten of his master's camels, and with all kinds of his master's goods in hand, he went to Aram-naharaim, to Nahor's town.
Then the servant ran to meet her and said, “Please let me have a little water from your jug.”
She quickly emptied her jug into the trough and hurried to the well again to draw water. She drew water for all his camels
and said, “Blessed be the LORD, the God of my master Abraham, who has not withheld his kindness and faithfulness from my master. As for me, the LORD has led me on the journey to the house of my master's relatives.”
So the man came to the house, and the camels were unloaded. Straw and feed were given to the camels, and water was brought to wash his feet and the feet of the men with him.
“Then you will be free from my oath if you go to my family and they do not give her to you — you will be free from my oath.'
“Now, if you are going to show kindness and faithfulness to my master, tell me; if not, tell me, and I will go elsewhere.”[fn]
They blessed Rebekah, saying to her:
Our sister, may you become
thousands upon ten thousands.
May your offspring possess
the city gates of their[fn] enemies.
In the early evening Isaac went out to walk[fn] in the field, and looking up he saw camels coming.
and asked the servant, “Who is that man in the field coming to meet us? ”
The servant answered, “It is my master.” So she took her veil and covered herself.
And Isaac brought her into the tent of his mother Sarah and took Rebekah to be his wife. Isaac loved her, and he was comforted after his mother's death.
But Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines, and while he was still alive he sent them eastward, away from his son Isaac, to the land of the East.
His sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah near Mamre, in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hethite.
There was another famine in the land in addition to the one that had occurred in Abraham's time. And Isaac went to Abimelech, king of the Philistines, at Gerar.
The LORD appeared to him and said, “Do not go down to Egypt. Live in the land that I tell you about;
“So now take your hunting gear, your quiver and bow, and go out in the field to hunt some game for me.
Now Rebekah was listening to what Isaac said to his son Esau. So while Esau went to the field to hunt some game to bring in,
“Go to the flock and bring me two choice young goats, and I will make them into a delicious meal for your father — the kind he loves.
“Go at once to Paddan-aram, to the house of Bethuel, your mother's father. Marry one of the daughters of Laban, your mother's brother.
“May God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you so that you become an assembly of peoples.
So Isaac sent Jacob to Paddan-aram, to Laban son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, the mother of Jacob and Esau.
Esau noticed that Isaac blessed Jacob and sent him to Paddan-aram to get a wife there. When he blessed him, Isaac commanded Jacob, “Do not marry a Canaanite girl.”
And he dreamed: A stairway was set on the ground with its top reaching the sky, and God's angels were going up and down on it.
“Look, I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go. I will bring you back to this land, for I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.”
The shepherds would roll the stone from the opening of the well and water the sheep when all the flocks[fn] were gathered there. Then they would return the stone to its place over the well's opening.
When Laban heard the news about his sister's son Jacob, he ran to meet him, hugged him, and kissed him. Then he took him to his house, and Jacob told him all that had happened.
When Jacob came in from the field that evening, Leah went out to meet him and said, “You must come with me, for I have hired you with my son's mandrakes.” So Jacob slept with her that night.
After Rachel gave birth to Joseph, Jacob said to Laban, “Send me on my way so that I can return to my homeland.
“For you had very little before I came, but now your wealth has increased. The LORD has blessed you because of me. And now, when will I also do something for my own family? ”
He set the peeled branches in the troughs in front of the sheep — in the water channels where the sheep came to drink. And the sheep bred when they came to drink.
The flocks bred in front of the branches and bore streaked, speckled, and spotted young.
Jacob separated the lambs and made the flocks face the streaked sheep and the completely dark sheep in Laban's flocks. Then he set his own stock apart and didn't put them with Laban's sheep.
The LORD said to him, “Go back to the land of your ancestors and to your family, and I will be with you.”
“I am the God of Bethel, where you poured oil on the stone marker and made a solemn vow to me. Get up, leave this land, and return to your native land.' ”
He took all the livestock and possessions he had acquired in Paddan-aram, and he drove his herds to go to the land of Canaan, to his father Isaac.
He fled with all his possessions, crossed the Euphrates, and headed for[fn] the hill country of Gilead.
“Now you have gone off because you long for your father's family — but why have you stolen my gods? ”
So Laban went into Jacob's tent, Leah's tent, and the tents of the two concubines,[fn] but he found nothing. When he left Leah's tent, he went into Rachel's tent.
Now Rachel had taken Laban's household idols, put them in the saddlebag of the camel, and sat on them. Laban searched the whole tent but found nothing.
“Come now, let's make a covenant, you and I. Let it be a witness between the two of us.”
Laban got up early in the morning, kissed his grandchildren and daughters, and blessed them. Then Laban left to return home.
Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the territory of Edom.
When the messengers returned to Jacob, they said, “We went to your brother Esau; he is coming to meet you — and he has four hundred men with him.”
Jacob was greatly afraid and distressed; he divided the people with him into two camps, along with the flocks, herds, and camels.
He thought, “If Esau comes to one camp and attacks it, the remaining one can escape.”
Then Jacob said, “God of my father Abraham and God of my father Isaac, the LORD who said to me, ‘Go back to your land and to your family, and I will cause you to prosper,'
“I am unworthy of all the kindness and faithfulness you have shown your servant. Indeed, I crossed over the Jordan with my staff, and now I have become two camps.
But Esau ran to meet him, hugged him, threw his arms around him, and kissed him. Then they wept.
“Let my lord go ahead of his servant. I will continue on slowly, at a pace suited to the livestock and the children, until I come to my lord at Seir.”
but Jacob went to Succoth. He built a house for himself and shelters for his livestock; that is why the place was called Succoth.[fn]
After Jacob came from Paddan-aram, he arrived safely at Shechem in the land of Canaan and camped in front of the city.
“Demand of me a high compensation[fn] and gift; I'll give you whatever you ask me. Just give the girl to be my wife! ”
On the third day, when they were still in pain, two of Jacob's sons, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brothers, took their swords, went into the unsuspecting city, and killed every male.
God said to Jacob, “Get up! Go to Bethel and settle there. Build an altar there to the God who appeared to you when you fled from your brother Esau.”
“We must get up and go to Bethel. I will build an altar there to the God who answered me in my day of distress. He has been with me everywhere I have gone.”
So Jacob and all who were with him came to Luz (that is, Bethel) in the land of Canaan.
They set out from Bethel. When they were still some distance from Ephrath, Rachel began to give birth, and her labor was difficult.
Jacob came to his father Isaac at Mamre in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac had stayed.
Then Israel said to him, “Go and see how your brothers and the flocks are doing, and bring word back to me.” So he sent him from the Hebron Valley, and he went to Shechem.
“They've moved on from here,” the man said. “I heard them say, ‘Let's go to Dothan.' ” So Joseph set out after his brothers and found them at Dothan.
“So now, come on, let's kill him and throw him into one of the pits.[fn] We can say that a vicious animal ate him. Then we'll see what becomes of his dreams! ”
When Reuben heard this, he tried to save him from them.[fn] He said, “Let's not take his life.”
Reuben also said to them, “Don't shed blood. Throw him into this pit in the wilderness, but don't lay a hand on him” — intending to rescue him from them and return him to his father.
They sat down to eat a meal, and when they looked up, there was a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying aromatic gum, balsam, and resin, going down to Egypt.
When Midianite traders passed by, his brothers pulled Joseph out of the pit and sold him for twenty pieces of silver to the Ishmaelites, who took Joseph to Egypt.
All his sons and daughters tried to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. “No,” he said. “I will go down to Sheol to my son, mourning.” And his father wept for him.
Meanwhile, the Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards.
After a long time[fn] Judah's wife, the daughter of Shua, died. When Judah had finished mourning, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers.
Now Joseph had been taken to Egypt. An Egyptian named Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had brought him there.
He left all that he owned under Joseph's authority;[fn] he did not concern himself with anything except the food he ate.
Now Joseph was well-built and handsome.
But he refused. “Look,” he said to his master's wife, “with me here my master does not concern himself with anything in his house, and he has put all that he owns under my authority.[fn]
Now one day he went into the house to do his work, and none of the household servants were there.[fn]
and had him thrown into prison, where the king's prisoners were confined. So Joseph was there in prison.
and put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guards in the prison where Joseph was confined.
“Pharaoh's cup was in my hand, and I took the grapes, squeezed them into Pharaoh's cup, and placed the cup in Pharaoh's hand.”
“In just three days Pharaoh will lift up your head and restore you to your position. You will put Pharaoh's cup in his hand the way you used to when you were his cupbearer.
“For I was kidnapped from the land of the Hebrews, and even here I have done nothing that they should put me in the dungeon.”[fn]
Pharaoh restored the chief cupbearer to his position as cupbearer, and he placed the cup in Pharaoh's hand.
“When they had devoured them, you could not tell that they had devoured them; their appearance was as bad as it had been before. Then I woke up.
“The food will be a reserve for the land during the seven years of famine that will take place in the land of Egypt. Then the country will not be wiped out by the famine.”
Every land came to Joseph in Egypt to buy grain, for the famine was severe in every land.
Joseph then gave orders to fill their containers with grain, return each man's silver to his sack, and give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out.
When they reached their father Jacob in the land of Canaan, they told him all that had happened to them:
Then Reuben said to his father, “You can kill my two sons if I don't bring him back to you. Put him in my care,[fn] and I will return him to you.”
But Jacob answered, “My son will not go down with you, for his brother is dead and he alone is left. If anything happens to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow.”
The men took this gift, double the amount of silver, and Benjamin. They immediately went down to Egypt and stood before Joseph.
When Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to his steward, “Take the men to my house. Slaughter an animal and prepare it, for they will eat with me at noon.”
But the men were afraid because they were taken to Joseph's house. They said, “We have been brought here because of the silver that was returned in our bags the first time. They intend to overpower us, seize us, make us slaves, and take our donkeys.”
“When we came to the place where we lodged for the night and opened our bags of grain, each one's silver was at the top of his bag! It was the full amount of our silver, and we have brought it back with us.
“We have brought additional silver with us to buy food. We don't know who put our silver in the bags.”
When Joseph came home, they brought him the gift they had carried into the house, and they bowed to the ground before him.
Joseph hurried out because he was overcome with emotion for his brother, and he was about to weep. He went into an inner room and wept there.
“Put my cup, the silver one, at the top of the youngest one's bag, along with the silver for his grain.” So he did as Joseph told him.
Then they tore their clothes, and each one loaded his donkey and returned to the city.
“If you also take this one from me and anything happens to him, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow.'
“when he sees that the boy is not with us, he will die. Then your servants will have brought the gray hairs of your servant our father down to Sheol in sorrow.
But he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard it, and also Pharaoh's household heard it.
Then Joseph said to his brothers, “Please, come near me,” and they came near. “I am Joseph, your brother,” he said, “the one you sold into Egypt.
“And now don't be grieved or angry with yourselves for selling me here, because God sent me ahead of you to preserve life.
When the news reached Pharaoh's palace, “Joseph's brothers have come,” Pharaoh and his servants were pleased.
Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Tell your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and go on back to the land of Canaan.
The sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them wagons as Pharaoh had commanded, and he gave them provisions for the journey.
He sent his father the following: ten donkeys carrying the best products of Egypt and ten female donkeys carrying grain, food, and provisions for his father on the journey.
God said, “I am God, the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there.
“I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will also bring you back. Joseph will close your eyes when you die.”[fn]
They also took their cattle and possessions they had acquired in the land of Canaan. Then Jacob and all his offspring with him came to Egypt.
His sons and grandsons, his daughters and granddaughters, indeed all his offspring, he brought with him to Egypt.
These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt — Jacob and his sons:
Jacob's firstborn: Reuben.
The total number of persons belonging to Jacob — his direct descendants,[fn] not including the wives of Jacob's sons — who came to Egypt: sixty-six.
And Joseph's sons who were born to him in Egypt: two persons.
All those of Jacob's household who came to Egypt: seventy[fn] persons.
Now Jacob had sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to prepare for his arrival[fn] at Goshen. When they came to the land of Goshen,
Joseph hitched the horses to his chariot and went up to Goshen to meet his father Israel. Joseph presented himself to him, threw his arms around him, and wept for a long time.
Jacob said to Pharaoh, “My pilgrimage has lasted 130 years. My years have been few and hard, and they have not reached the years of my ancestors during their pilgrimages.”
Joseph collected all the silver to be found in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan in exchange for the grain they were purchasing, and he brought the silver to Pharaoh's palace.
“At harvest, you are to give a fifth of it to Pharaoh, and four-fifths will be yours as seed for the field and as food for yourselves, your households, and your dependents.”
So Joseph made it a law, still in effect today in the land of Egypt, that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. Only the priests' land does not belong to Pharaoh.
“He said to me, ‘I will make you fruitful and numerous; I will make many nations come from you, and I will give this land as a permanent possession to your future descendants.'
“Your two sons born to you in the land of Egypt before I came to you in Egypt are now mine. Ephraim and Manasseh belong to me just as Reuben and Simeon do.
the angel who has redeemed me from all harm —
may he bless these boys.
And may they be called by my name
and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac,
and may they grow to be numerous within the land.
Israel said to Joseph, “Look, I am about to die, but God will be with you and will bring you back to the land of your fathers.
“May I never enter their council;
may I never join their assembly.
For in their anger they kill men,
and on a whim they hamstring oxen.
“He saw that his resting place was good
and that the land was pleasant,
so he leaned his shoulder to bear a load
and became a forced laborer.
“Dan will be a snake by the road,
a viper beside the path,
that bites the horse's heels
so that its rider falls backward.
“Benjamin is a wolf; he tears his prey.
In the morning he devours the prey,
and in the evening he divides the plunder.”
When the days of mourning were over, Joseph said to Pharaoh's household, “If I have found favor with you, please tell Pharaoh that
They carried him to the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave at Machpelah in the field near Mamre, which Abraham had purchased as burial property from Ephron the Hethite.
After Joseph buried his father, he returned to Egypt with his brothers and all who had gone with him to bury his father.
“You planned evil against me; God planned it for good to bring about the present result — the survival of many people.
“Therefore don't be afraid. I will take care of you and your children.” And he comforted them and spoke kindly to them.[fn]
Joseph said to his brothers, “I am about to die, but God will certainly come to your aid and bring you up from this land to the land he swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”
These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; each came with his family:
Pharaoh then commanded all his people, “You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.”
But when she could no longer hide him, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with asphalt and pitch. She placed the child in it and set it among the reeds by the bank of the Nile.
When the child grew older, she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses,[fn] “Because,” she said, “I drew him out of the water.”
When Pharaoh heard about this, he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in the land of Midian, and sat down by a well.
“and I have come down to rescue them from the power of the Egyptians and to bring them from that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey — the territory of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
“And I have promised you that I will bring you up from the misery of Egypt to the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites — a land flowing with milk and honey.
“They will listen to what you say. Then you, along with the elders of Israel, must go to the king of Egypt and say to him: The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.
In addition the LORD said to him, “Put your hand inside your cloak.” So he put his hand inside his cloak, and when he took it out, his hand was diseased, resembling snow.[fn]
“Put your hand back inside your cloak,” he said. So he put his hand back inside his cloak, and when he took it out, it had again become like the rest of his skin.
Then the LORD's anger burned against Moses, and he said, “Isn't Aaron the Levite your brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, he is on his way now to meet you. He will rejoice when he sees you.
“You will speak with him and tell him what to say. I will help both you and him to speak[fn] and will teach you both what to do.
Now in Midian the LORD told Moses, “Return to Egypt, for all the men who wanted to kill you are dead.”
So Moses took his wife and sons, put them on a donkey, and returned to the land of Egypt. And Moses took God's staff in his hand.
The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, make sure you do before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart[fn] so that he won't let the people go.
Now the LORD had said to Aaron, “Go and meet Moses in the wilderness.” So he went and met him at the mountain of God and kissed him.
They answered, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God, or else he may strike us with plague or sword.”
“Don't continue to supply the people with straw for making bricks, as before. They must go and gather straw for themselves.
When they left Pharaoh, they confronted Moses and Aaron, who stood waiting to meet them.
“May the LORD take note of you and judge,” they said to them, “because you have made us reek to Pharaoh and his officials — putting a sword in their hand to kill us! ”
“I will bring you to the land that I swore[fn] to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and I will give it to you as a possession. I am the LORD.”
Amram married his father's sister Jochebed,
and she bore him Aaron and Moses.
Amram lived 137 years.
“Go to Pharaoh in the morning. When you see him walking out to the water, stand ready to meet him by the bank of the Nile. Take in your hand the staff that turned into a snake.
“This is what the LORD says: Here is how you will know that I am the LORD. Watch. I am about to strike the water in the Nile with the staff in my hand, and it will turn to blood.
Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded; in the sight of Pharaoh and his officials, he raised the staff and struck the water in the Nile, and all the water in the Nile was turned to blood.
“The Nile will swarm with frogs; they will come up and go into your palace, into your bedroom and on your bed, into the houses of your officials and your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls.
“Tomorrow,” he answered.
Moses replied, “As you have said, so that you may know there is no one like the LORD our God,
And the LORD did this. Thick swarms of flies went into Pharaoh's palace and his officials' houses. Throughout Egypt the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies.
“We must go a distance of three days into the wilderness and sacrifice to the LORD our God as he instructs us.”
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of furnace soot, and Moses is to throw it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.
So they took furnace soot and stood before Pharaoh. Moses threw it toward heaven, and it became festering boils on people and animals.
“For this time I am about to send all my plagues against you,[fn] your officials, and your people. Then you will know there is no one like me on the whole earth.
“Therefore give orders to bring your livestock and all that you have in the field into shelters. Every person and animal that is in the field and not brought inside will die when the hail falls on them.”
Those among Pharaoh's officials who feared the word of the LORD made their servants and livestock flee to shelters,
but those who didn't take to heart the LORD's word left their servants and livestock in the field.
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven and let there be hail throughout the land of Egypt — on people and animals and every plant of the field in the land of Egypt.”
So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail. Lightning struck the land, and the LORD rained hail on the land of Egypt.
“and so that you may tell[fn] your son and grandson how severely I dealt with the Egyptians and performed miraculous signs among them, and you will know that I am the LORD.”
So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the LORD sent an east wind over the land all that day and through the night. By morning the east wind had brought in the locusts.
Pharaoh urgently sent for Moses and Aaron and said, “I have sinned against the LORD your God and against you.
Then the LORD changed the wind to a strong west[fn] wind, and it carried off the locusts and blew them into the Red Sea. Not a single locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, and there will be darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness that can be felt.”
So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was thick darkness throughout the land of Egypt for three days.
“Now announce to the people that both men and women should ask their neighbors for silver and gold items.”
So Moses said, “This is what the LORD says: About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,
“If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
“This day is to be a memorial for you, and you must celebrate it as a festival to the LORD. You are to celebrate it throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
“You are to observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I brought your military divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must observe this day throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
“When the LORD passes through to strike Egypt and sees the blood on the lintel and the two doorposts, he will pass over the door and not let the destroyer enter your houses to strike you.
“When you enter the land that the LORD will give you as he promised, you are to observe this ceremony.
The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand able-bodied men on foot, besides their families.
The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they were driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared provisions for themselves.
It was a night of vigil in honor of the LORD, because he would bring them out of the land of Egypt. This same night is in honor of the LORD, a night vigil for all the Israelites throughout their generations.
“When the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Hivites, and Jebusites,[fn] which he swore to your ancestors that he would give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you must carry out this ceremony in this month.
“When the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites, as he swore to you and your ancestors, and gives it to you,
“So let it be a sign on your hand and a symbol[fn] on your forehead, for the LORD brought us out of Egypt by the strength of his hand.”
When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them along the road to the land of the Philistines, even though it was nearby; for God said, “The people will change their minds and return to Egypt if they face war.”
So he led the people around toward the Red Sea along the road of the wilderness. And the Israelites left the land of Egypt in battle formation.
But Moses said to the people, “Don't be afraid. Stand firm and see the LORD's salvation that he will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.
“As for you, lift up your staff, stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it so that the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground.
and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
The Egyptians set out in pursuit — all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen — and went into the sea after them.
The water came back and covered the chariots and horsemen, plus the entire army of Pharaoh that had gone after them into the sea. Not even one of them survived.
Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the LORD. They said:
I will sing to the LORD,
for he is highly exalted;
he has thrown the horse
and its rider into the sea.
The LORD is my strength and my song;[fn]
he has become my salvation.
This is my God, and I will praise him,
my father's God, and I will exalt him.
He threw Pharaoh's chariots
and his army into the sea;
the elite of his officers
were drowned in the Red Sea.
With your faithful love,
you will lead the people
you have redeemed;
you will guide them to your holy dwelling
with your strength.
You will bring them in and plant them
on the mountain of your possession;
LORD, you have prepared the place
for your dwelling;
Lord,[fn] your hands have established the sanctuary.
When Pharaoh's horses with his chariots and horsemen went into the sea, the LORD brought the water of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
Miriam sang to them:
Sing to the LORD,
for he is highly exalted;
he has thrown the horse
and its rider into the sea.
Then Moses led Israel on from the Red Sea, and they went out to the Wilderness of Shur. They journeyed for three days in the wilderness without finding water.
They came to Marah, but they could not drink the water at Marah because it was bitter — that is why it was named Marah.[fn]
So he cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a tree. When he threw it into the water, the water became drinkable.
The LORD made a statute and ordinance for them at Marah, and he tested them there.
Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy date palms, and they camped there by the water.
The entire Israelite community departed from Elim and came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had left the land of Egypt.
The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the LORD's hand in the land of Egypt, when we sat by pots of meat and ate all the bread we wanted. Instead, you brought us into this wilderness to make this whole assembly die of hunger! ”
Then the LORD said to Moses, “I am going to rain bread from heaven for you. The people are to go out each day and gather enough for that day. This way I will test them to see whether or not they will follow my instructions.
“On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather on other days.”[fn]
Moses continued, “The LORD will give you meat to eat this evening and all the bread you want in the morning, for he has heard the complaints that you are raising against him. Who are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the LORD.”
As Aaron was speaking to the entire Israelite community, they turned toward the wilderness, and there in a cloud the LORD's glory appeared.
“This is what the LORD has commanded: ‘Gather as much of it as each person needs to eat. You may take two quarts[fn] per individual, according to the number of people each of you has in his tent.' ”
When they measured it by quarts,[fn] the person who gathered a lot had no surplus, and the person who gathered a little had no shortage. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat.
But they didn't listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. Therefore Moses was angry with them.
He told them, “This is what the LORD has said: ‘Tomorrow is a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to the LORD. Bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil, and set aside everything left over to be kept until morning.' ”
So they set it aside until morning as Moses commanded, and it didn't stink or have maggots in it.
“Understand that the LORD has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he will give you two days' worth of bread. Each of you stay where you are; no one is to leave his place on the seventh day.”
Moses said, “This is what the LORD has commanded: ‘Two quarts[fn] of it are to be preserved throughout your generations, so that they may see the bread I fed you in the wilderness when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.' ”
Moses told Aaron, “Take a container and put two quarts[fn] of manna in it. Then place it before the LORD to be preserved throughout your generations.”
The Israelites ate manna for forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate manna until they reached the border of the land of Canaan.
The LORD then said to Moses, “Write this down on a scroll as a reminder and recite it to Joshua: I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek under heaven.”
He said, “Indeed, my hand is lifted up toward[fn] the LORD's throne. The LORD will be at war with Amalek from generation to generation.”
Moses's father-in-law, Jethro, along with Moses's wife and sons, came to him in the wilderness where he was camped at the mountain of God.
So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, bowed down, and then kissed him. They asked each other how they had been[fn] and went into the tent.
“If you do this, and God so directs you, you will be able to endure, and also all these people will be able to go home satisfied.”[fn]
In the third month from the very day the Israelites left the land of Egypt, they came to the Sinai Wilderness.
They traveled from Rephidim, came to the Sinai Wilderness, and camped in the wilderness. Israel camped there in front of the mountain.
Moses went up the mountain to God, and the LORD called to him from the mountain: “This is what you must say to the house of Jacob and explain to the Israelites:
The LORD said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear when I speak with you and will always believe you.” Moses reported the people's words to the LORD,
“and be prepared by the third day, for on the third day the LORD will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people.
“Put boundaries for the people all around the mountain and say: Be careful that you don't go up on the mountain or touch its base. Anyone who touches the mountain must be put to death.
Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.
but showing faithful love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commands.
And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the total darkness where God was.
“his master is to bring him to the judges[fn] and then bring him to the door or doorpost. His master will pierce his ear with an awl, and he will serve his master for life.
“But if he did not intend any harm,[fn] and yet God allowed it to happen, I will appoint a place for you where he may flee.
“Bring the best of the firstfruits of your land to the house of the LORD your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.
“I am going to send an angel before you to protect you on the way and bring you to the place I have prepared.
And Moses wrote down all the words of the LORD. He rose early the next morning and set up an altar and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel at the base of the mountain.
Moses took half the blood and set it in basins; the other half of the blood he splattered on the altar.
He then took the covenant scroll and read it aloud to the people. They responded, “We will do and obey all that the LORD has commanded.”
The LORD said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and stay there so that I may give you the stone tablets with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”
Moses entered the cloud as he went up the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.
“Insert the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark in order to carry the ark with them.
“The cherubim are to have wings spread out above, covering the mercy seat with their wings, and are to face one another. The faces of the cherubim should be toward the mercy seat.
“Set the mercy seat on top of the ark and put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.
“Make loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set, and do the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
“Make fifty loops on the one curtain and make fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops line up together.
“and make forty silver bases under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under the next support for its two tenons;
“along with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each support;
“They are to be paired at the bottom, and joined together[fn] at the top in a single ring. So it should be for both of them; they will serve as the two corners.
“There are to be eight supports with their silver bases: sixteen bases; two bases under the first support and two bases under each support.
“The central crossbar is to run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
“Then overlay the supports with gold, and make their rings of gold as the holders for the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.
“The poles are to be inserted into the rings so that the poles are on two sides of the altar when it is carried.
“You are to make the courtyard for the tabernacle. Make hangings for the south side of the courtyard out of finely spun linen, 150 feet[fn] long on that side
“You are to command the Israelites to bring you pure oil from crushed olives for the light, in order to keep the lamp burning regularly.
“In the tent of meeting outside the curtain that is in front of the testimony, Aaron and his sons are to tend the lamp from evening until morning before the LORD. This is to be a permanent statute for the Israelites throughout their generations.
“You are to instruct all the skilled artisans,[fn] whom I have filled with a spirit of wisdom, to make Aaron's garments for consecrating him to serve me as priest.
“These are the garments that they must make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a specially woven tunic,[fn] a turban, and a sash. They are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons so that they may serve me as priests.
“The twelve stones are to correspond to the names of Israel's sons. Each stone must be engraved like a seal, with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
“Whenever he enters the sanctuary, Aaron is to carry the names of Israel's sons over his heart on the breastpiece for decisions, as a continual reminder before the LORD.
“Place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece for decisions, so that they will also be over Aaron's heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Aaron will continually carry the means of decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the LORD.
“The robe will be worn by Aaron whenever he ministers, and its sound will be heard when he enters the sanctuary before the LORD and when he exits, so that he does not die.
“These must be worn by Aaron and his sons whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary area, so that they do not incur guilt and die. This is to be a permanent statute for Aaron and for his future descendants.
“Tie the sashes on Aaron and his sons and fasten headbands on them. The priesthood is to be theirs by a permanent statute. This is the way you will ordain Aaron and[fn] his sons.
“Then burn the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to the LORD. It is a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD.
“Take them from their hands and burn them on the altar on top of the burnt offering, as a pleasing aroma before the LORD; it is a food offering to the LORD.
“Any priest who is one of his sons and who succeeds him and enters the tent of meeting to minister in the sanctuary must wear them for seven days.
“You are to offer the second lamb at twilight. Offer a grain offering and a drink offering with it, like the one in the morning, as a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD.
“This will be a regular burnt offering throughout your generations at the entrance to the tent of meeting before the LORD, where I will meet you[fn] to speak with you.
“Make two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
“When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn incense. There is to be an incense offering before the LORD throughout your generations.
“Once a year Aaron is to perform the atonement ceremony for the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the atonement ceremony for[fn] it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement on the horns. The altar is especially holy to the LORD.”
“Each man who is registered, twenty years old or more, must give this contribution to the LORD.
“Take the atonement price[fn] from the Israelites and use it for the service of the tent of meeting. It will serve as a reminder for the Israelites before the LORD to atone for your lives.”
“Make a bronze basin for washing and a bronze stand for it. Set it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
“Whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister by burning a food offering to the LORD, they must wash with water so that they will not die.
“They must wash their hands and feet so that they will not die; this is to be a permanent statute for them, for Aaron and his descendants throughout their generations.”
“Tell the Israelites: This will be my holy anointing oil throughout your generations.
“Tell the Israelites: You must observe my Sabbaths, for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations, so that you will know that I am the LORD who consecrates you.
“The Israelites must observe the Sabbath, celebrating it throughout their generations as a permanent covenant.
“Now leave me alone, so that my anger can burn against them and I can destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”
But Moses sought the favor of the LORD his God: “LORD, why does your anger burn against your people you brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a strong hand?
“Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel — you swore to them by yourself and declared, ‘I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and will give your offspring all this land that I have promised, and they will inherit it forever.' ”
“So I said to them, ‘Whoever has gold, take it off,' and they gave it to me. When I threw it into the fire, out came this calf! ”
The Levites did as Moses commanded, and about three thousand men fell dead that day among the people.
“Now go, lead the people to the place I told you about; see, my angel will go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will hold them accountable for their sin.”
The LORD spoke to Moses: “Go up from here, you and the people you brought up from the land of Egypt, to the land I promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: I will give it to your offspring.
“Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go up with you because you are a stiff-necked people; otherwise, I might destroy you on the way.”
Now Moses took a tent and pitched it outside the camp, at a distance from the camp; he called it the tent of meeting. Anyone who wanted to consult the LORD would go to the tent of meeting that was outside the camp.
Whenever Moses went out to the tent, all the people would stand up, each one at the door of his tent, and they would watch Moses until he entered the tent.
When Moses entered the tent, the pillar of cloud would come down and remain at the entrance to the tent, and the LORD would speak with Moses.
The LORD would speak with Moses face to face, just as a man speaks with his friend, then Moses would return to the camp. His assistant, the young man Joshua son of Nun, would not leave the inside of the tent.
“and when my glory passes by, I will put you in the crevice of the rock and cover you with my hand until I have passed by.
The LORD said to Moses, “Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.
“Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before me on the mountaintop.
Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the LORD had commanded him.
maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, rebellion, and sin. But he will not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers' iniquity on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
“Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.
“Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib,[fn] as I commanded you, for you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.
“Do not present[fn] the blood for my sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.
“Bring the best firstfruits of your land to the house of the LORD your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.”
Everyone whose heart was moved and whose spirit prompted him came and brought an offering to the LORD for the work on the tent of meeting, for all its services, and for the holy garments.
Everyone making an offering of silver or bronze brought it as a contribution to the LORD. Everyone who possessed acacia wood useful for any task in the work brought it.
They took from Moses's presence all the contributions that the Israelites had brought for the task of making the sanctuary. Meanwhile, the people continued to bring freewill offerings morning after morning.
After Moses gave an order, they sent a proclamation throughout the camp: “Let no man or woman make anything else as an offering for the sanctuary.” So the people stopped.
The materials were sufficient for them to do all the work. There was more than enough.
He overlaid them with gold and made their rings out of gold as holders for the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.
All the gold of the presentation offering that was used for the project in all the work on the sanctuary, was 2,193 pounds,[fn] according to the sanctuary shekel.
one-fifth of an ounce[fn] per man, that is, half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel, from everyone twenty years old or more who had crossed over to the registered group, 603,550 men.
With the remaining 44 pounds[fn] he made the hooks for the posts, overlaid their tops, and supplied bands for them.
The artistically woven waistband that was on the ephod was of one piece with the ephod, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
The twelve stones corresponded to the names of Israel's sons. Each stone was engraved like a seal with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way they attached them to the ephod's shoulder pieces in front.
Then they tied the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece was above the ephod's waistband and did not come loose from the ephod. They did just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
a bell and a pomegranate alternating all around the lower hem of the robe[fn] to be worn for ministry. They made it just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
So all the work for the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The Israelites did everything just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, the screen for the gate of the courtyard, its ropes and tent pegs, and all the furnishings for the service of the tabernacle, the tent of meeting;
and the specially woven[fn] garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.
“Place the gold altar for incense in front of the ark of the testimony. Put up the screen for the entrance to the tabernacle.
“Anoint them just as you anointed their father, so that they may also serve me as priests. Their anointing will serve to inaugurate a permanent priesthood for them throughout their generations.”
Moses took the testimony and placed it in the ark, and attached the poles to the ark. He set the mercy seat on top of the ark.
He brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the curtain for the screen, and screened off the ark of the testimony, just as the LORD had commanded him.
Moses placed the table in the tent of meeting on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the curtain.
He put the lampstand in the tent of meeting opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle
He set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar and put water in it for washing.
Moses was unable to enter the tent of meeting because the cloud rested on it, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.
“But if his offering for a burnt offering is from the flock, from sheep or goats, he is to present an unblemished male.
“He will remove its digestive tract,[fn] cutting off the tail feathers, and throw it on the east side of the altar at the place for ashes.
“You may present them to the LORD as an offering of firstfruits, but they are not to be offered on the altar as a pleasing aroma.
“This is a permanent statute throughout your generations, wherever you live: you must not eat any fat or any blood.”
“The priest is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of it seven times before the LORD in front of the curtain of the sanctuary.
“all the rest of the bull — he must bring to a ceremonially clean place outside the camp to the ash heap, and must burn it on a wood fire. It is to be burned at the ash heap.
“He is to remove all its fat just as the fat is removed from the fellowship sacrifice. The priest is to burn it on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the LORD. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf, and he will be forgiven.
“Or if the offering that he brings as a sin offering is a lamb, he is to bring an unblemished female.
“But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the LORD two turtledoves or two young pigeons as penalty for guilt for his sin — one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.
“He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven.
“Then he is to bring his guilt offering to the LORD: an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest.
“Then he will take off his garments, put on other clothes, and bring the ashes outside the camp to a ceremonially clean place.
“Any male among Aaron's descendants may eat it. It is a permanent portion[fn] throughout your generations from the food offerings to the LORD. Anything that touches the offerings will become holy.”
“This is the offering that Aaron and his sons are to present to the LORD on the day that he is anointed: two quarts[fn] of fine flour as a regular grain offering, half of it in the morning and half in the evening.
“But no sin offering may be eaten if its blood has been brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the holy place; it must be burned.
“The meat of his thanksgiving sacrifice of fellowship must be eaten on the day he offers it; he may not leave any of it until morning.
“The fat of an animal that dies naturally or is mauled by wild beasts[fn] may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
The LORD commanded this to be given to them by the Israelites on the day he anointed them. It is a permanent portion throughout their generations.
Then he presented the ram for the burnt offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram.
but he washed the entrails and legs with water. He then burned the entire ram on the altar. It was a burnt offering for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD as he had commanded Moses.
He said to Aaron, “Take a young bull for a sin[fn] offering and a ram for a burnt offering, both without blemish, and present them before the LORD.
“And tell the Israelites:[fn] Take a male goat for a sin offering; a calf and a lamb, male yearlings without blemish, for a burnt offering;
“an ox and a ram for a fellowship offering to sacrifice before the LORD; and a grain offering mixed with oil. For today the LORD is going to appear to you.”
Aaron's sons brought the blood to him, and he dipped his finger in the blood and applied it to the horns of the altar. He poured out the blood at the base of the altar.
Moses and Aaron then entered the tent of meeting. When they came out, they blessed the people, and the glory of the LORD appeared to all the people.
“You and your sons are not to drink wine or beer when you enter the tent of meeting, or else you will die; this is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
“Since its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary, you should have eaten it in the sanctuary area, as I commanded.”
“When any one of them dies and falls on anything it becomes unclean — any item of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work. It is to be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean.
“If any of them falls into any clay pot, everything in it will become unclean; you are to break it.
“Any edible food coming into contact with that unclean water will become unclean, and any drinkable liquid in any container will become unclean.
“She will continue in purification from her bleeding for thirty-three days. She must not touch any holy thing or go into the sanctuary until completing her days of purification.
“When her days of purification are complete, whether for a son or daughter, she is to bring to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting a year-old male lamb for a burnt offering, and a young pigeon or a turtledove for a sin[fn] offering.
“But if she doesn't have sufficient means[fn] for a sheep, she may take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one for a burnt offering and the other for a sin offering. Then the priest will make atonement on her behalf, and she will be clean.”
“The priest will examine him, and if the sore has turned white, the priest must pronounce the stricken person clean; he is clean.
“The priest will make an examination, and if the spot seems to be beneath the skin and the hair in it has turned white, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a case of serious skin disease that has broken out in the boil.
“the priest is to examine it. If the hair in the spot has turned white and the spot appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a serious skin disease that has broken out in the burn. The priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a serious skin disease.
“This is the law concerning a mildew contamination in wool or linen fabric, warp or weft, or any leather article, in order to pronounce it clean or unclean.”
“Then the priest will order that one of the birds be slaughtered over fresh water in a clay pot.
“He is to take the live bird together with the cedar wood, scarlet yarn, and hyssop, and dip them all into the blood of the bird that was slaughtered over the fresh water.
“He will then sprinkle the blood seven times on the one who is to be cleansed from the skin disease. He is to pronounce him clean and release the live bird over the open countryside.
“The one who is to be cleansed must wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, and bathe with water; he is clean. Afterward he may enter the camp, but he must remain outside his tent for seven days.
“But if he is poor and cannot afford these, he is to take one male lamb for a guilt offering to be presented in order to make atonement for him, along with two quarts[fn] of fine flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, one-third of a quart of olive oil,
“and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whatever he can afford, one to be a sin offering and the other a burnt offering.
“On the eighth day he is to bring these things for his cleansing to the priest at the entrance to the tent of meeting before the LORD.
“one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, sacrificing what he can afford together with the grain offering. In this way the priest will make atonement before the LORD for the one to be cleansed.
“This is the law for someone who has[fn] a skin disease and cannot afford the cost of his cleansing.”
“When you enter the land of Canaan that I am giving you as a possession, and I place a mildew contamination in a house in the land you possess,[fn]
“the priest must order that the stones with the contamination be pulled out and thrown into an unclean place outside the city.
“He is to have the inside of the house completely scraped, and have the plaster[fn] that is scraped off dumped in an unclean place outside the city.
“It must be torn down with its stones, its beams, and all its plaster, and taken outside the city to an unclean place.
“Whoever enters the house during any of the days the priest quarantines it will be unclean until evening.
“He will take the cedar wood, the hyssop, the scarlet yarn, and the live bird, dip them in the blood of the slaughtered bird and the fresh water, and sprinkle the house seven times.
“Then he is to release the live bird into the open countryside outside the city. In this way he will make atonement for the house, and it will be clean.
“When the man with the discharge has been cured of it, he is to count seven days for his cleansing, wash his clothes, and bathe his body in fresh water; he will be clean.
“The priest is to sacrifice them, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. In this way the priest will make atonement for him before the LORD because of his discharge.
“The priest is to sacrifice one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. In this way the priest will make atonement for her before the LORD because of her unclean discharge.
The LORD said to Moses, “Tell your brother Aaron that he may not come whenever he wants into the holy place behind the curtain in front of the mercy seat on the ark or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.
“Aaron is to enter the most holy place in this way: with a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.
“He is to take from the Israelite community two male goats for a sin offering and one ram for a burnt offering.
“But the goat chosen by lot for an uninhabitable place is to be presented alive before the LORD to make atonement with it by sending it into the wilderness for an uninhabitable place.
“Aaron will lay both his hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the Israelites' iniquities and rebellious acts — all their sins. He is to put them on the goat's head and send it away into the wilderness by the man appointed for the task.[fn]
“The goat will carry all their iniquities into a desolate land, and the man will release it there.
“Then Aaron is to enter the tent of meeting, take off the linen garments he wore when he entered the most holy place, and leave them there.
“The man who released the goat for an uninhabitable place is to wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; afterward he may reenter the camp.
“The one who burns them is to wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may reenter the camp.
“instead of bringing it to the entrance to the tent of meeting to present it as an offering to the LORD before his tabernacle — that person will be considered guilty.[fn] He has shed blood and is to be cut off from his people.
“The priest will then splatter the blood on the LORD's altar at the entrance to the tent of meeting and burn the fat as a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“They must no longer offer their sacrifices to the goat-demons that they have prostituted themselves with. This will be a permanent statute for them throughout their generations.
“Do not follow the practices of the land of Egypt, where you used to live, or follow the practices of the land of Canaan, where I am bringing you. You must not follow their customs.
“You are not to have sexual intercourse with[fn] any animal, defiling yourself with it; a woman is not to present herself to an animal to mate with it; it is a perversion.
“When you come into the land and plant any kind of tree for food, you are to consider the fruit forbidden.[fn] It will be forbidden to you for three years; it is not to be eaten.
“then I will turn against that man and his family, and cut off from their people both him and all who follow[fn] him in prostituting themselves with Molech.
“You are to keep all my statutes and all my ordinances, and do them, so that the land where I am bringing you to live will not vomit you out.
“He is not to make himself unclean for those related to him by marriage[fn] and so defile himself.
“Tell Aaron: None of your descendants throughout your generations who has a physical defect is to come near to present the food of his God.
“Say to them: If any man from any of your descendants throughout your generations is in a state of uncleanness yet approaches the holy offerings that the Israelites consecrate to the LORD, that person will be cut off from my presence; I am the LORD.
“Speak to Aaron, his sons, and all the Israelites and tell them: Any man of the house of Israel or of the resident aliens in Israel who presents his offering — whether they present payment of vows or freewill gifts to the LORD as burnt offerings —
“When a man presents a fellowship sacrifice to the LORD to fulfill a vow or as a freewill offering from the herd or flock, it has to be unblemished to be acceptable; there must be no defect in it.
“You are not to present any animal to the LORD that is blind, injured, maimed, or has a running sore, festering rash, or scabs; you may not put any of them on the altar as a food offering to the LORD.
“You may sacrifice as a freewill offering any animal from the herd or flock that has an elongated or stunted limb, but it is not acceptable as a vow offering.
“When an ox, sheep, or goat is born, it is to remain with[fn] its mother for seven days; from the eighth day on, it will be acceptable as an offering, a food offering to the LORD.
“When you offer a thanksgiving sacrifice to the LORD, offer it so that you may be accepted.
“It is to be eaten on the same day. Do not let any of it remain until morning; I am the LORD.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When you enter the land I am giving you and reap its harvest,[fn] you are to bring the first sheaf of your harvest to the priest.
“On the day you present the sheaf, you are to offer a year-old male lamb[fn] without blemish as a burnt offering to the LORD.
“You must not eat bread, roasted grain, or any new grain[fn] until this very day, and until you have brought the offering to your God. This is to be a permanent statute throughout your generations wherever you live.
“You are also to prepare one male goat as a sin offering, and two male lambs a year old as a fellowship sacrifice.
“On that same day you are to make a proclamation and hold a sacred assembly. You are not to do any daily work. This is to be a permanent statute wherever you live throughout your generations.
“You are not to do any work. This is a permanent statute throughout your generations wherever you live.
“These are the LORD's appointed times that you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies for presenting food offerings to the LORD, burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings, each on its designated day.
“You are to celebrate it as a festival to the LORD seven days each year. This is a permanent statute for you throughout your generations; celebrate it in the seventh month.
“Command the Israelites to bring you pure oil from crushed olives for the light, in order to keep the lamp burning regularly.
“Aaron is to tend it continually from evening until morning before the LORD outside the curtain of the testimony in the tent of meeting. This is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
“Place pure frankincense near each row, so that it may serve as a memorial portion for the bread and a food offering to the LORD.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When you enter the land I am giving you, the land will observe a Sabbath to the LORD.
“All of its growth may serve as food for your livestock and the wild animals in your land.
“You are to consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim freedom in the land for all its inhabitants. It will be your Jubilee, when each of you is to return to his property and each of you to his clan.
“Then the land will yield its fruit, so that you can eat, be satisfied, and live securely in the land.
“I will appoint my blessing for you in the sixth year, so that it will produce a crop sufficient for three years.
“The land is not to be permanently sold because it is mine, and you are only aliens and temporary residents on my land.[fn]
“he may calculate the years since its sale, repay the balance to the man he sold it to, and return to his property.
“But if he cannot obtain enough to repay him, what he sold will remain in the possession of its purchaser until the Year of Jubilee. It is to be released at the Jubilee, so that he may return to his property.
“If it is not redeemed by the end of a full year, then the house in the walled city is permanently transferred to its purchaser throughout his generations. It is not to be released on the Jubilee.
“Then he and his children are to be released from you, and he may return to his clan and his ancestral property.
“You may also purchase them from the aliens residing with you, or from their families living among you — those born in your land. These may become your property.
“You may leave them to your sons after you to inherit as property; you can make them slaves for life. But concerning your brothers, the Israelites, you must not rule over one another harshly.
“If only a few years remain until the Year of Jubilee, he will calculate and pay the price of his redemption in proportion to his remaining years.
“Your threshing will continue until grape harvest, and the grape harvest will continue until sowing time; you will have plenty of food to eat and live securely in your land.
“and your strength will be used up for nothing. Your land will not yield its produce, and the trees of the land will not bear their fruit.
“I will bring a sword against you to execute the vengeance of the covenant. Though you withdraw into your cities, I will send a pestilence among you, and you will be delivered into enemy hands.
“But I will scatter you among the nations, and I will draw a sword to chase after you. So your land will become desolate, and your cities will become ruins.
“I will put anxiety in the hearts of those of you who survive in the lands of their enemies. The sound of a wind-driven leaf will put them to flight, and they will flee as one flees from a sword, and fall though no one is pursuing them.
“But if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee, the priest will calculate the price for him in proportion to the years left until the next Year of Jubilee, so that your assessment will be reduced.
Moses, Aaron, and his sons, who performed the duties of[fn] the sanctuary as a service on behalf of the Israelites, camped in front of the tabernacle on the east, in front of the tent of meeting toward the sunrise. Any unauthorized person who came near it was to be put to death.
So Moses collected the redemption amount from those in excess of the ones redeemed by the Levites.
“Then they are to place it with all its utensils inside a covering made of fine leather and put them on the carrying frame.
“They are to take all the serving utensils they use in the sanctuary, place them in a blue cloth, cover them with a covering made of fine leather, and put them on a carrying frame.
“and place all the equipment on it that they use in serving: the firepans, meat forks, shovels, and basins — all the equipment of the altar. They are to spread a covering made of fine leather over it and insert its poles.[fn]
“Then the priest is to take holy water in a clay bowl, take some of the dust from the tabernacle floor, and put it in the water.
“May this water that brings a curse enter your stomach, causing your belly to swell and your womb to shrivel.'
“And the woman will reply, ‘Amen, Amen.'
“Then the priest is to write these curses on a scroll and wash them off into the bitter water.
“He will require the woman to drink the bitter water that brings a curse, and it will enter her to cause bitter suffering.
“When he makes her drink the water, if she has defiled herself and been unfaithful to her husband, the water that brings a curse will enter her to cause bitter suffering; her belly will swell, and her womb will shrivel. She will become a curse among her people.
“The priest is to offer one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering to make atonement on behalf of the Nazirite, since he incurred guilt because of the corpse. On that day he is to consecrate his head again.
“He is to rededicate his time of consecration to the LORD and to bring a year-old male lamb as a guilt offering. But do not count the initial period of consecration because it became defiled.
“He is to present an offering to the LORD of one unblemished year-old male lamb as a burnt offering, one unblemished year-old female lamb as a sin offering, one unblemished ram as a fellowship offering,
The leaders also presented the dedication gift for the altar when it was anointed. The leaders presented their offerings in front of the altar.
The LORD told Moses, “Each day have one leader present his offering for the dedication of the altar.”
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Nahshon son of Amminadab.
As his offering, he presented one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Nethanel son of Zuar.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Eliab son of Helon.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Elizur son of Shedeur.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Eliasaph son of Deuel.[fn]
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Elishama son of Ammihud.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Abidan son of Gideoni.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Pagiel son of Ochran.
His offering was one silver dish weighing 3¼ pounds and one silver basin weighing 1¾ pounds, measured by the standard sanctuary shekel, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
and two bulls, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old, for the fellowship sacrifice. This was the offering of Ahira son of Enan.
All the livestock for the burnt offering totaled twelve bulls, twelve rams, and twelve male lambs a year old, with their grain offerings, and twelve male goats for the sin offering.
All the livestock for the fellowship sacrifice totaled twenty-four bulls, sixty rams, sixty male goats, and sixty male lambs a year old. This was the dedication gift for the altar after it was anointed.
When Moses entered the tent of meeting to speak with the LORD, he heard the voice speaking to him from above the mercy seat that was on the ark of the testimony, from between the two cherubim. He spoke to him that way.
“Next the Levites are to lay their hands on the heads of the bulls. Sacrifice one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering to the LORD, to make atonement for the Levites.
“they may not leave any of it until morning or break any of its bones. They must observe the Passover according to all its statutes.
“The sons of Aaron, the priests, are to sound the trumpets. Your use of these is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
“When you enter into battle in your land against an adversary who is attacking you, sound short blasts on the trumpets, and you will be remembered before the LORD your God and be saved from your enemies.
Moses said to Hobab, descendant of Reuel the Midianite and Moses's relative by marriage, “We're setting out for the place the LORD promised, ‘I will give it to you.' Come with us, and we will treat you well, for the LORD has promised good things to Israel.”
But he replied to him, “I don't want to go. Instead, I will go to my own land and my relatives.”
“Did I conceive all these people? Did I give them birth so you should tell me, ‘Carry them at your breast, as a nursing mother carries a baby,' to the land that you swore to give their ancestors?
“Tell the people: Consecrate yourselves in readiness for tomorrow, and you will eat meat because you wept in the LORD's hearing, ‘Who will feed us meat? We were better off in Egypt.' The LORD will give you meat and you will eat.
“but for a whole month — until it comes out of your nostrils and becomes nauseating to you — because you have rejected the LORD who is among you, and wept before him, ‘Why did we ever leave Egypt? ' ”
While the meat was still between their teeth, before it was chewed, the LORD's anger burned against the people, and the LORD struck them with a very severe plague.
Suddenly the LORD said to Moses, Aaron, and Miriam, “You three come out to the tent of meeting.” So the three of them went out.
The LORD answered Moses, “If her father had merely spit in her face, wouldn't she remain in disgrace for seven days? Let her be confined outside the camp for seven days; after that she may be brought back in.”
“Send men to scout out the land of Canaan I am giving to the Israelites. Send one man who is a leader among them from each of their ancestral tribes.”
When Moses sent them to scout out the land of Canaan, he told them, “Go up this way to the Negev, then go up into the hill country.
“Is the land they live in good or bad? Are the cities they live in encampments or fortifications?
The men went back to Moses, Aaron, and the entire Israelite community in the Wilderness of Paran at Kadesh. They brought back a report for them and the whole community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
They reported to Moses, “We went into the land where you sent us. Indeed it is flowing with milk and honey, and here is some of its fruit.
“Why is the LORD bringing us into this land to die by the sword? Our wives and children will become plunder. Wouldn't it be better for us to go back to Egypt? ”
“If the LORD is pleased with us, he will bring us into this land, a land flowing with milk and honey, and give it to us.
“I will strike them with a plague and destroy them. Then I will make you into a greater and mightier nation than they are.”
“‘Since the LORD wasn't able to bring this people into the land he swore to give them, he has slaughtered them in the wilderness.'
“But since my servant Caleb has a different spirit and has remained loyal to me, I will bring him into the land where he has gone, and his descendants will inherit it.
“Since the Amalekites and Canaanites are living in the lowlands,[fn] turn back tomorrow and head for the wilderness in the direction of the Red Sea.”
“Tell them: As I live — this is the LORD's declaration — I will do to you exactly as I heard you say.
“I swear that none of you will enter the land I promised[fn] to settle you in, except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun.
“I will bring your children whom you said would become plunder into the land you rejected, and they will enjoy it.
They got up early the next morning and went up the ridge of the hill country, saying, “Let's go to the place the LORD promised, for we were wrong.”
Then the Amalekites and Canaanites who lived in that part of the hill country came down, attacked them, and routed them as far as Hormah.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When you enter the land I am giving you to settle in,
“Prepare a quart of wine as a drink offering with the burnt offering or sacrifice of each lamb.
“Also present a third of a gallon of wine for a drink offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“If you prepare a young bull as a burnt offering or as a sacrifice, to fulfill a vow, or as a fellowship offering to the LORD,
“Also present two quarts of wine as a drink offering. It is a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“Every Israelite is to prepare these things in this way when he presents a food offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“The assembly is to have the same statute for both you and the resident alien as a permanent statute throughout your generations. You and the alien will be alike before the LORD.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: After you enter the land where I am bringing you,
“Throughout your generations, you are to give the LORD a contribution from the first batch of your dough.
“all that the LORD has commanded you through Moses, from the day the LORD issued the commands and onward throughout your generations —
“and if it was done unintentionally without the community's awareness, the entire community is to prepare one young bull for a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD, with its grain offering and drink offering according to the regulation, and one male goat as a sin offering.
They placed him in custody because it had not been decided what should be done to him.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them that throughout their generations they are to make tassels for the corners of their garments, and put a blue cord on the tassel at each corner.
“Furthermore, you didn't bring us to a land flowing with milk and honey or give us an inheritance of fields and vineyards. Will you gouge out the eyes of these men? We will not come! ”
Then Moses became angry and said to the LORD, “Don't respect their offering. I have not taken one donkey from them or mistreated a single one of them.”
“But if the LORD brings about something unprecedented, and the ground opens its mouth and swallows them along with all that belongs to them so that they go down alive into Sheol, then you will know that these men have despised the LORD.”
They went down alive into Sheol with all that belonged to them. The earth closed over them, and they vanished from the assembly.
“As for the firepans of those who sinned at the cost of their own lives, make them into hammered sheets as plating for the altar, for they presented them before the LORD, and the firepans are holy. They will be a sign to the Israelites.”
“Get away from this community so that I may consume them instantly.” But they fell facedown.
Then Moses told Aaron, “Take your firepan, place fire from the altar in it, and add incense. Go quickly to the community and make atonement for them, because wrath has come from the LORD; the plague has begun.”
So Aaron took his firepan as Moses had ordered, ran into the middle of the assembly, and saw that the plague had begun among the people. After he added incense, he made atonement for the people.
The next day Moses entered the tent of the testimony and saw that Aaron's staff, representing the house of Levi, had sprouted, formed buds, blossomed, and produced almonds!
The LORD told Moses, “Put Aaron's staff back in front of the testimony to be kept as a sign for the rebels, so that you may put an end to their complaints before me, or else they will die.”
Then the LORD spoke to Aaron, “Look, I have put you in charge of the contributions brought to me. As for all the holy offerings of the Israelites, I have given them to you and your sons as a portion and a permanent statute.
“However, you must not redeem the firstborn of an ox, a sheep, or a goat; they are holy. You are to splatter their blood on the altar and burn their fat as a food offering for a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“The Israelites must never again come near the tent of meeting, or they will incur guilt and die.
“The Levites will do the work of the tent of meeting, and they will bear the consequences of their iniquity. The Levites will not receive an inheritance among the Israelites; this is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
“Give it to the priest Eleazar, and he will have it brought outside the camp and slaughtered in his presence.
“The priest is to take cedar wood, hyssop, and crimson yarn, and throw them onto the fire where the cow is burning.
“Then the priest must wash his clothes and bathe his body in water; after that he may enter the camp, but he will remain ceremonially unclean until evening.
“A man who is clean is to gather up the cow's ashes and deposit them outside the camp in a ceremonially clean place. The ashes will be kept by the Israelite community for preparing the water to remove impurity; it is a sin offering.
“This is the law when a person dies in a tent: everyone who enters the tent and everyone who is already in the tent will be unclean for seven days,
“For the purification of the unclean person, they are to take some of the ashes of the burnt sin offering, put them in a jar, and add fresh water to them.
“A person who is clean is to take hyssop, dip it in the water, and sprinkle the tent, all the furnishings, and the people who were there. He is also to sprinkle the one who touched a bone, a grave, a corpse, or a person who had been killed.
The entire Israelite community entered the Wilderness of Zin in the first month, and they[fn] settled in Kadesh. Miriam died and was buried there.
“Why have you brought the LORD's assembly into this wilderness for us and our livestock to die here?
“Why have you led us up from Egypt to bring us to this evil place? It's not a place of grain, figs, vines, and pomegranates, and there is no water to drink! ”
But the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not trust me to demonstrate my holiness in the sight of the Israelites, you will not bring this assembly into the land I have given them.”
“Our ancestors went down to Egypt, and we lived in Egypt many years, but the Egyptians treated us and our ancestors badly.
But Edom answered him, “You will not travel through our land, or we will come out and confront you with the sword.”
Yet Edom insisted, “You may not travel through.” And they came out to confront them with a large force of heavily-armed people.[fn]
“Aaron will be gathered to his people; he will not enter the land I have given the Israelites, because you both rebelled against my command at the Waters of Meribah.
So Moses did as the LORD commanded, and they climbed Mount Hor in the sight of the whole community.
Then the LORD sent poisonous[fn] snakes among the people, and they bit them so that many Israelites died.
They set out from there and camped on the other side of the Arnon River, in the wilderness that extends from the Amorite border, because the Arnon was the Moabite border between Moab and the Amorites.
The princes dug the well;
the nobles of the people hollowed it out
with a scepter and with their staffs.
They went from the wilderness to Mattanah,
from Bamoth to the valley in the territory of Moab near the Pisgah highlands that overlook the wasteland.[fn]
“Let us travel through your land. We won't go into the fields or vineyards. We won't drink any well water. We will travel the King's Highway until we have traveled through your territory.”
But Sihon would not let Israel travel through his territory. Instead, he gathered his whole army and went out to confront Israel in the wilderness. When he came to Jahaz, he fought against Israel.
Then they turned and went up the road to Bashan, and King Og of Bashan came out against them with his whole army to do battle at Edrei.
But the LORD said to Moses, “Do not fear him, for I have handed him over to you along with his whole army and his land. Do to him as you did to King Sihon of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.”
When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD standing on the path with a drawn sword in his hand, she turned off the path and went into the field. So Balaam hit her to return her to the path.
The angel of the LORD went ahead and stood in a narrow place where there was no room to turn to the right or the left.
The angel of the LORD asked him, “Why have you beaten your donkey these three times? Look, I came out to oppose you, because I consider what you are doing to be evil.[fn]
Balaam said to the angel of the LORD, “I have sinned, for I did not know that you were standing in the path to confront me. And now, if it is evil in your sight, I will go back.”
When Balak heard that Balaam was coming, he went out to meet him at the Moabite city[fn] on the Arnon border at the edge of his territory.
Balaam said to him, “Look, I have come to you, but can I say anything I want? I must speak only the message God puts in my mouth.”
Then the LORD put a message in Balaam's mouth and said, “Return to Balak and say what I tell you.”
“What have you done to me? ” Balak asked Balaam. “I brought you to curse my enemies, but look, you have only blessed them! ”
Then Balak said to him, “Please come with me to another place where you can see them. You will only see the outskirts of their camp; you won't see all of them. From there, put a curse on them for me.”
So Balak took him to Lookout Field[fn] on top of Pisgah, built seven altars, and offered a bull and a ram on each altar.
The LORD met with Balaam and put a message in his mouth. Then he said, “Return to Balak and say what I tell you.”
Again Balak said to Balaam, “Please come. I will take you to another place. Maybe it will be agreeable to God that you can put a curse on them for me there.”
Since Balaam saw that it pleased the LORD to bless Israel, he did not go to seek omens as on previous occasions, but turned[fn] toward the wilderness.
“Now go to your home! I said I would reward you richly, but look, the LORD has denied you a reward.”
“Now I am going back to my people, but first, let me warn you what these people will do to your people in the future.”
While Israel was staying in the Acacia Grove,[fn] the people began to prostitute themselves with the women of Moab.
followed the Israelite man into the tent,[fn] and drove it through both the Israelite man and the woman — through her belly. Then the plague on the Israelites was stopped,
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go up this mountain of the Abarim range[fn] and see the land that I have given the Israelites.
“Command the Israelites and say to them: Be sure to present to me at its appointed time my offering and my food as my food offering, a pleasing aroma to me.
“And say to them: This is the food offering you are to present to the LORD:
“Each day present two unblemished year-old male lambs as a regular burnt offering.
“It is a regular burnt offering established at Mount Sinai for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD.
“Offer the second lamb at twilight, along with the same kind of grain offering and drink offering as in the morning. It is a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
“On the Sabbath day present two unblemished year-old male lambs, four quarts[fn] of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and its drink offering.
“You are to offer the same food each day for seven days as a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD. It is to be offered with its drink offering and the regular burnt offering.
“Present a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old,
“Offer a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old — all unblemished —
“These are in addition to the monthly and regular burnt offerings with their prescribed grain offerings and drink offerings. They are a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the LORD.
“Present a burnt offering to the LORD, a pleasing aroma: one young bull, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old. All your animals are to be unblemished.
“Offer one male goat for a sin offering. The regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offerings are in addition to the sin offering of atonement.
“Present a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs a year old. They are to be unblemished.
“Present a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old — all unblemished —
So one thousand were recruited from each Israelite tribe out of the thousands[fn] in Israel — twelve thousand equipped for war.
They brought the prisoners, animals, and spoils of war to Moses, the priest Eleazar, and the Israelite community at the camp on the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho.
Moses, the priest Eleazar, and all the leaders of the community went to meet them outside the camp.
“On the seventh day wash your clothes, and you will be clean. After that you may enter the camp.”
“Then divide the captives between the troops who went out to war and the entire community.
“Set aside a tribute for the LORD from what belongs to the fighting men who went out to war: one out of every five hundred people, cattle, donkeys, sheep, and goats.
The officers who were over the thousands of the army, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, approached Moses
Moses and the priest Eleazar received the gold from the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and brought it into the tent of meeting as a memorial for the Israelites before the LORD.
But Moses asked the Gadites and Reubenites, “Should your brothers go to war while you stay here?
“Why are you discouraging the Israelites from crossing into the land the LORD has given them?
“After they went up as far as Eshcol Valley and saw the land, they discouraged the Israelites from entering the land the LORD had given them.
“If you turn back from following him, he will once again leave this people in the wilderness, and you will destroy all of them.”
“But we will arm ourselves and be ready to go ahead of the Israelites until we have brought them into their place. Meanwhile, our dependents will remain in the fortified cities because of the inhabitants of the land.
“We will not return to our homes until each of the Israelites has taken possession of his inheritance.
Moses replied to them, “If you do this — if you arm yourselves for battle before the LORD,
“but your servants are equipped for war before the LORD and will go across to the battle as my lord orders.”
Moses told them, “If the Gadites and Reubenites cross the Jordan with you, every man in battle formation before the LORD, and the land is subdued before you, you are to give them the land of Gilead as a possession.
“But if they don't go across with you in battle formation, they must accept land in Canaan with you.”
“We will cross over in battle formation before the LORD into the land of Canaan, but we will keep our hereditary possession across the Jordan.”
The descendants of Machir son of Manasseh went to Gilead, captured it, and drove out the Amorites who were there.
They traveled from Succoth and camped at Etham, which is on the edge of the wilderness.
They traveled from Pi-hahiroth[fn] and crossed through the middle of the sea into the wilderness. They took a three-day journey into the Wilderness of Etham and camped at Marah.
They traveled from Marah and came to Elim. There were twelve springs and seventy date palms at Elim, so they camped there.
They traveled from Ezion-geber and camped in the Wilderness of Zin (that is, Kadesh).
“You are to receive the land as an inheritance by lot according to your clans. Increase the inheritance for a large clan and decrease it for a small one. Whatever place the lot indicates for someone will be his. You will receive an inheritance according to your ancestral tribes.
“Command the Israelites and say to them: When you enter the land of Canaan, it will be allotted to you as an inheritance[fn] with these borders:
“Your border will turn south of the Scorpions' Ascent,[fn] proceed to Zin, and end south of Kadesh-barnea. It will go to Hazar-addar and proceed to Azmon.
“from Mount Hor draw a line to the entrance of Hamath,[fn] and the border will reach Zedad.
“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan,
“You will have the cities as a refuge from the avenger, so that the one who kills someone will not die until he stands trial before the assembly.
“These six cities will serve as a refuge for the Israelites and for the alien or temporary resident among them, so that anyone who kills a person unintentionally may flee there.
“The assembly is to protect the one who kills someone from the avenger of blood. Then the assembly will return him to the city of refuge he fled to, and he must live there until the death of the high priest who was anointed with the holy oil.
“If the one who kills someone ever goes outside the border of the city of refuge he fled to,
“for the one who killed a person was supposed to live in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest. Only after the death of the high priest may the one who has killed a person return to the land he possesses.
“These instructions will be a statutory ordinance for you throughout your generations wherever you live.
“Neither should you accept a ransom for the person who flees to his city of refuge, allowing him to return and live in the land before the death of the high priest.
“Do not defile the land where you live, for bloodshed defiles the land, and there can be no atonement for the land because of the blood that is shed on it, except by the blood of the person who shed it.
“If they marry any of the men from the other Israelite tribes, their inheritance will be taken away from our fathers' inheritance and added to that of the tribe into which they marry. Therefore, part of our allotted inheritance would be taken away.
“Resume your journey and go to the hill country of the Amorites and their neighbors in the Arabah, the hill country, the Judean foothills,[fn] the Negev and the sea coast — to the land of the Canaanites and to Lebanon as far as the great river, the Euphrates River.
“Appoint for yourselves wise, understanding, and respected men from each of your tribes, and I will make them your leaders.
“Then all of you approached me and said, ‘Let's send men ahead of us, so that they may explore the land for us and bring us back a report about the route we should go up and the cities we will come to.'
“They left and went up into the hill country and came to Eshcol Valley, scouting the land.
“You grumbled in your tents and said, ‘The LORD brought us out of the land of Egypt to hand us over to the Amorites in order to destroy us, because he hates us.
“And you saw in the wilderness how the LORD your God carried you as a man carries his son all along the way you traveled until you reached this place.
“You answered me, ‘We have sinned against the LORD. We will go up and fight just as the LORD our God commanded us.' Then each of you put on his weapons of war and thought it would be easy to go up into the hill country.
“So I spoke to you, but you didn't listen. You rebelled against the LORD's command and defiantly went up into the hill country.
“Then the Amorites who lived there came out against you and chased you like a swarm of bees. They routed you from Seir as far as Hormah.
“Then we turned back and headed for the wilderness by way of the Red Sea, as the LORD had told me, and we traveled around the hill country of Seir for many days.
“When you get close to the Ammonites, don't show any hostility to them or provoke them, for I will not give you any of the Ammonites' land as a possession; I have given it as a possession to the descendants of Lot.' ”
“The LORD also said, ‘Get up, move out, and cross the Arnon Valley. See, I have handed the Amorites' King Sihon of Heshbon and his land over to you. Begin to take possession of it; engage[fn] him in battle.
“just as the descendants of Esau who live in Seir did for us, and the Moabites who live in Ar, until we cross the Jordan into the land the LORD our God is giving us.'
“But King Sihon of Heshbon would not let us travel through his land, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate in order to hand him over to you, as has now taken place.
“There was no city that was inaccessible to[fn] us, from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city in the valley, even as far as Gilead. The LORD our God gave everything to us.
“But you did not go near the Ammonites' land, all along the bank of the Jabbok River, the cities of the hill country, or any place that the LORD our God had forbidden.
“Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and King Og of Bashan came out against us with his whole army to do battle at Edrei.
“But the LORD said to me, ‘Do not fear him, for I have handed him over to you along with his whole army and his land. Do to him as you did to King Sihon of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.'
“So the LORD our God also handed over King Og of Bashan and his whole army to us. We struck him until there was no survivor left.
“until the LORD gives rest to your brothers as he has to you, and they also take possession of the land the LORD your God is giving them across the Jordan. Then each of you may return to his possession that I have given you.
“Look, I have taught you statutes and ordinances as the LORD my God has commanded me, so that you may follow them in the land you are entering to possess.
“At that time the LORD commanded me to teach you statutes and ordinances for you to follow in the land you are about to cross into and possess.
“When you look to the heavens and see the sun, moon, and stars — all the stars in the sky — do not be led astray to bow in worship to them and serve them. The LORD your God has provided them for all people everywhere under heaven.
“The LORD was angry with me on your account. He swore that I would not cross the Jordan and enter the good land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance.
“I call heaven and earth as witnesses against you today that you will quickly perish from the land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess. You will not live long there, but you will certainly be destroyed.
“The LORD will scatter you among the peoples, and you will be reduced to a few survivors[fn] among the nations where the LORD your God will drive you.
Someone could flee there who committed manslaughter, killing his neighbor accidentally without previously hating him. He could flee to one of these cities and stay alive:
“At that time I was standing between the LORD and you to report the word[fn] of the LORD to you, because you were afraid of the fire and did not go up the mountain. And he said:
“but showing faithful love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commands.
“Be careful to do as the LORD your God has commanded you; you are not to turn aside to the right or the left.
“This is the command — the statutes and ordinances — the LORD your God has commanded me to teach you, so that you may follow them in the land you are about to enter and possess.
“When the LORD your God brings you into the land he swore to your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob that he would give you — a land with large and beautiful cities that you did not build,
“When the LORD your God brings you into the land you are entering to possess, and he drives out many nations before you — the Hethites, Girgashites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites, seven nations more numerous and powerful than you —
“and when the LORD your God delivers them over to you and you defeat them, you must completely destroy them. Make no treaty with them and show them no mercy.
“because they will turn your sons away from me to worship other gods. Then the LORD's anger will burn against you, and he will swiftly destroy you.
“Know that the LORD your God is God, the faithful God who keeps his gracious covenant loyalty for a thousand generations with those who love him and keep his commands.
“The LORD your God will also send hornets against them until all the survivors and those hiding from you perish.
“The LORD your God will give them over to you and throw them into great confusion until they are destroyed.
“He will hand their kings over to you, and you will wipe out their names under heaven. No one will be able to stand against you; you will annihilate them.
“Do not bring any detestable thing into your house, or you will be set apart for destruction like it. You are to abhor and detest it utterly because it is set apart for destruction.
“For the LORD your God is bringing you into a good land, a land with streams, springs, and deep water sources, flowing in both valleys and hills;
“Remember and do not forget how you provoked the LORD your God in the wilderness. You have been rebelling against the LORD from the day you left the land of Egypt until you reached this place.
“When I went up the mountain to receive the stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant the LORD made with you, I stayed on the mountain forty days and forty nights. I did not eat food or drink water.
“Leave me alone, and I will destroy them and blot out their name under heaven. Then I will make you into a nation stronger and more numerous than they.'
“I took the sinful calf you had made and burned it. I crushed it, thoroughly grinding it to powder as fine as dust, and threw its dust into the stream that came down from the mountain.
“Otherwise, those in the land you brought us from will say, ‘Because the LORD wasn't able to bring them into the land he had promised them, and because he hated them, he brought them out to kill them in the wilderness.'
“The LORD said to me at that time, ‘Cut two stone tablets like the first ones and come to me on the mountain and make a wooden ark.
“I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets you broke, and you are to place them in the ark.'
“So I made an ark of acacia wood, cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and climbed the mountain with the two tablets in my hand.
“and I went back down the mountain and placed the tablets in the ark I had made. And they have remained there, as the LORD commanded me.”
They traveled from there to Gudgodah, and from Gudgodah to Jotbathah, a land with flowing streams.
“Your ancestors went down to Egypt, seventy people in all, and now the LORD your God has made you numerous, like the stars of the sky.
“Keep every command I am giving you today, so that you may have the strength to cross into and possess the land you are to inherit,
“For the land you are entering to possess is not like the land of Egypt, from which you have come, where you sowed your seed and irrigated by hand[fn] as in a vegetable garden.
“But the land you are entering to possess is a land of mountains and valleys, watered by rain from the sky.
“When the LORD your God brings you into the land you are entering to possess, you are to proclaim the blessing at Mount Gerizim and the curse at Mount Ebal.
“Instead, turn to the place the LORD your God chooses from all your tribes to put his name for his dwelling and go there.
“Indeed, you have not yet come into the resting place and the inheritance the LORD your God is giving you.
“You must offer your burnt offerings only in the place the LORD chooses in one of your tribes, and there you must do everything I command you.
“But you are to take the holy offerings you have and your vow offerings and go to the place the LORD chooses.
“When the LORD your God annihilates the nations before you, which you are entering to take possession of, and you drive them out and live in their land,
“You are to gather all its spoil in the middle of the city square and completely burn the city and all its spoil for the LORD your God. The city is to remain a mound of ruins forever; it is not to be rebuilt.
“then exchange it for silver, take the silver in your hand, and go to the place the LORD your God chooses.
“take an awl and pierce through his ear into the door, and he will become your slave for life. Also treat your female slave the same way.
“No yeast is to be found anywhere in your territory for seven days, and none of the meat you sacrifice in the evening of the first day is to remain until morning.
“Sacrifice the Passover animal only at the place where the LORD your God chooses to have his name dwell. Do this in the evening as the sun sets at the same time of day you departed from Egypt.
“You are to cook and eat it in the place the LORD your God chooses, and you are to return to your tents in the morning.
“If a case is too difficult for you — concerning bloodshed, lawsuits, or assaults — cases disputed at your city gates, then go up to the place the LORD your God chooses.
“When you enter the land the LORD your God is giving you, take possession of it, live in it, and say, ‘I will set a king over me like all the nations around me,'
“However, he must not acquire many horses for himself or send the people back to Egypt to acquire many horses, for the LORD has told you, ‘You are never to go back that way again.'
“When he is seated on his royal throne, he is to write a copy of this instruction for himself on a scroll in the presence of the Levitical priests.
“When a Levite leaves one of your towns in Israel where he was staying and wants to go to the place the LORD chooses,
“When you enter the land the LORD your God is giving you, do not imitate the detestable customs of those nations.
“If, for example, he goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut timber, and his hand swings the ax to chop down a tree, but the blade flies off the handle and strikes his neighbor so that he dies, that person may flee to one of these cities and live.
“But if someone hates his neighbor, lies in ambush for him, attacks him, and strikes him fatally, and flees to one of these cities,
“the elders of his city are to send for him, take him from there, and hand him over to the avenger of blood and he will die.
“When you go out to war against your enemies and see horses, chariots, and an army larger than yours, do not be afraid of them, for the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, is with you.
“He is to say to them, ‘Listen, Israel: Today you are about to engage in battle with your enemies. Do not be cowardly. Do not be afraid, alarmed, or terrified because of them.
“The officers are to address the army, ‘Has any man built a new house and not dedicated it? Let him leave and return home. Otherwise, he may die in battle and another man dedicate it.
“Has any man become engaged to a woman and not married her? Let him leave and return home. Otherwise he may die in battle and another man marry her.'
“The officers will continue to address the army and say, ‘Is there any man who is afraid or cowardly? Let him leave and return home, so that his brothers won't lose heart as he did.'[fn]
“When the LORD your God hands it over to you, strike down all its males with the sword.
“When you lay siege to a city for a long time, fighting against it in order to capture it, do not destroy its trees by putting an ax to them, because you can get food from them. Do not cut them down. Are trees of the field human, to come under siege by you?
“The elders of that city will bring the cow down to a continually flowing stream, to a place not tilled or sown, and they will break its neck there by the stream.
“When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take some of them prisoner, and
“If your brother does not live near you or you don't know him, you are to bring the animal to your home to remain with you until your brother comes looking for it; then you can return it to him.
“No man whose testicles have been crushed or whose penis has been cut off may enter the LORD's assembly.
“No one of illegitimate birth may enter the LORD's assembly; none of his descendants, even to the tenth generation, may enter the LORD's assembly.
“No Ammonite or Moabite may enter the LORD's assembly; none of their descendants, even to the tenth generation, may ever enter the LORD's assembly.
“Yet the LORD your God would not listen to Balaam, but he turned the curse into a blessing for you because the LORD your God loves you.
“If there is a man among you who is unclean because of a bodily emission during the night, he must go outside the camp; he may not come anywhere inside the camp.
“When evening approaches, he is to wash with water, and when the sun sets he may come inside the camp.
“Do not bring a female prostitute's wages or a male prostitute's[fn] earnings into the house of the LORD your God to fulfill any vow, because both are detestable to the LORD your God.
“You may charge a foreigner interest, but you must not charge your brother Israelite interest, so that the LORD your God may bless you in everything you do[fn] in the land you are entering to possess.
“Be careful to do whatever comes from your lips, because you have freely vowed what you promised to the LORD your God.
“When you enter your neighbor's standing grain, you may pluck heads of grain with your hand, but do not put a sickle to your neighbor's grain.
“If a man marries a woman, but she becomes displeasing to him because he finds something indecent about her, he may write her a divorce certificate, hand it to her, and send her away from his house.
“and the second man hates her, writes her a divorce certificate, hands it to her, and sends her away from his house or if he dies,
“When a man takes a bride, he must not go out with the army or be liable for any duty. He is free to stay at home for one year, so that he can bring joy to the wife he has married.
“When you make a loan of any kind to your neighbor, do not enter his house to collect what he offers as security.
“If there is a dispute between men, they are to go to court, and the judges will hear their case. They will clear the innocent and condemn the guilty.
“then his sister-in-law will go up to him in the sight of the elders, remove his sandal from his foot, and spit in his face. Then she will declare, ‘This is what is done to a man who will not build up his brother's house.'
“When you enter the land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and you take possession of it and live in it,
“take some of the first of all the land's produce that you harvest from the land the LORD your God is giving you and put it in a basket. Then go to the place where the LORD your God chooses to have his name dwell.
“When you come before the priest who is serving at that time, say to him, ‘Today I declare to the LORD your[fn] God that I have entered the land the LORD swore to our ancestors to give us.'
“You are to respond by saying in the presence of the LORD your God:
My father was a wandering Aramean. He went down to Egypt with a few people and resided there as an alien. There he became a great, powerful, and populous nation.
“I have not eaten any of it while in mourning, or removed any of it while unclean, or offered any of it for the dead. I have obeyed the LORD my God; I have done all you commanded me.
“When you cross the Jordan into the land the LORD your God is giving you, set up large stones and cover them with plaster.
“Write all the words of this law on the stones after you cross to enter the land the LORD your God is giving you, a land flowing with milk and honey, as the LORD, the God of your ancestors, has promised you.
Moses and the Levitical priests spoke to all Israel, “Be silent, Israel, and listen! This day you have become the people of the LORD your God.
“Now if you faithfully obey the LORD your God and are careful to follow all his commands I am giving you today, the LORD your God will put you far above all the nations of the earth.
“The LORD will make you prosper abundantly with offspring,[fn] the offspring of your livestock, and your land's produce in the land the LORD swore to your ancestors to give you.
“The LORD will make you the head and not the tail; you will only move upward and never downward if you listen to the LORD your God's commands I am giving you today and are careful to follow them.
“The LORD will make pestilence cling to you until he has exterminated you from the land you are entering to possess.
“Your sons and daughters will be given to another people, while your eyes grow weary looking for them every day. But you will be powerless to do anything.
“The LORD will bring you and your king that you have appointed to a nation neither you nor your ancestors have known, and there you will worship other gods, of wood and stone.
“You will become an object of horror, scorn, and ridicule among all the peoples where the LORD will drive you.
“You will sow much seed in the field but harvest little, because locusts will devour it.
“Just as the LORD was glad to cause you to prosper and to multiply you, so he will also be glad to cause you to perish and to destroy you. You will be ripped out of the land you are entering to possess.
“Then the LORD will scatter you among all peoples from one end of the earth to the other, and there you will worship other gods, of wood and stone, which neither you nor your ancestors have known.
“The LORD will take you back in ships to Egypt by a route that I said you would never see again. There you will sell yourselves to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you.”
“When you reached this place, King Sihon of Heshbon and King Og of Bashan came out against us in battle, but we defeated them.
“and so that he may establish you today as his people and he may be your God as he promised you and as he swore to your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
“and single him out for harm from all the tribes of Israel, according to all the curses of the covenant written in this book of the law.
“The LORD uprooted them from their land in his anger, rage, and intense wrath, and threw them into another land where they are today.'
“The hidden things belong to the LORD our God, but the revealed things belong to us and our children forever, so that we may follow all the words of this law.
“When all these things happen to you — the blessings and curses I have set before you — and you come to your senses while you are in all the nations where the LORD your God has driven you,
“then he will restore your fortunes,[fn] have compassion on you, and gather you again from all the peoples where the LORD your God has scattered you.
“The LORD your God will bring you into the land your ancestors possessed, and you will take possession of it. He will cause you to prosper and multiply you more than he did your ancestors.
“The LORD your God will make you prosper abundantly in all the work of your hands, your offspring,[fn] the offspring of your livestock, and the produce of your land. Indeed, the LORD will again delight in your prosperity, as he delighted in that of your ancestors,
“It is not in heaven so that you have to ask, ‘Who will go up to heaven, get it for us, and proclaim it to us so that we may follow it? '
“And it is not across the sea so that you have to ask, ‘Who will cross the sea, get it for us, and proclaim it to us so that we may follow it? '
“I tell you today that you will certainly perish and will not prolong your days in the land you are entering to possess across the Jordan.
Moses then summoned Joshua and said to him in the sight of all Israel, “Be strong and courageous, for you will go with[fn] this people into the land the LORD swore to give to their ancestors. You will enable them to take possession of it.
Moses wrote down this law and gave it to the priests, the sons of Levi, who carried the ark of the LORD's covenant, and to all the elders of Israel.
“when all Israel assembles in the presence of the LORD your God at the place he chooses, you are to read this law aloud before all Israel.
“Then their children who do not know the law will listen and learn to fear the LORD your God as long as you live in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”
The LORD said to Moses, “The time of your death is now approaching. Call Joshua and present yourselves at the tent of meeting so that I may commission him.” When Moses and Joshua went and presented themselves at the tent of meeting,
The LORD said to Moses, “You are about to rest with your ancestors, and these people will soon prostitute themselves with the foreign gods of the land they are entering. They will abandon me and break the covenant I have made with them.
“My anger will burn against them on that day; I will abandon them and hide my face from them so that they will become easy prey. Many troubles and afflictions will come to them. On that day they will say, ‘Haven't these troubles come to us because our God is no longer with us? '
“Therefore write down this song for yourselves and teach it to the Israelites; have them sing it,[fn] so that this song may be a witness for me against the Israelites.
“When I bring them into the land I swore to give their ancestors, a land flowing with milk and honey, they will eat their fill and prosper.[fn] They will turn to other gods and worship them, despising me and breaking my covenant.
The LORD commissioned Joshua son of Nun, “Be strong and courageous, for you will bring the Israelites into the land I swore to them, and I will be with you.”
“Take this book of the law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God so that it may remain there as a witness against you.
“Assemble all your tribal elders and officers before me so that I may speak these words directly to them and call heaven and earth as witnesses against them.
Then Moses recited aloud every single word of this song to the entire assembly of Israel:
“They will be weak from hunger,
ravaged by pestilence and bitter plague;
I will unleash on them wild beasts with fangs,
as well as venomous snakes that slither in the dust.
If only they were wise, they would comprehend this;
they would understand their fate.
Moses came with Joshua[fn] son of Nun and recited all the words of this song in the presence of the people.
“For they are not meaningless words to you but they are your life, and by them you will live long in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”
“Go up Mount Nebo in the Abarim range in the land of Moab, across from Jericho, and view the land of Canaan I am giving the Israelites as a possession.
“Then you will die on the mountain that you go up, and you will be gathered to your people, just as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor and was gathered to his people.
He said this about Judah:
LORD, hear Judah's cry and bring him to his people.
He fights for his cause[fn] with his own hands,
but may you be a help against his foes.
“Moses my servant is dead. Now you and all the people prepare to cross over the Jordan to the land I am giving the Israelites.
“Above all, be strong and very courageous to observe carefully the whole instruction my servant Moses commanded you. Do not turn from it to the right or the left, so that you will have success wherever you go.
“Haven't I commanded you: be strong and courageous? Do not be afraid or discouraged, for the LORD your God is with you wherever you go.”
“until the LORD gives your brothers rest, as he has given you, and they too possess the land the LORD your God is giving them. You may then return to the land of your inheritance and take possession of what Moses the LORD's servant gave you on the east side of the Jordan.”
They answered Joshua, “Everything you have commanded us we will do, and everywhere you send us we will go.
Joshua son of Nun secretly sent two men as spies from the Acacia Grove,[fn] saying, “Go and scout the land, especially Jericho.” So they left, and they came to the house of a prostitute named Rahab, and stayed there.
Then the king of Jericho sent word to Rahab and said, “Bring out the men who came to you and entered your house, for they came to investigate the entire land.”
The men answered her, “We will give our lives for yours. If you don't report our mission, we will show kindness and faithfulness to you when the LORD gives us the land.”
“Go to the hill country so that the men pursuing you won't find you,” she said to them. “Hide there for three days until they return; afterward, go on your way.”
“unless, when we enter the land, you tie this scarlet cord to the window through which you let us down. Bring your father, mother, brothers, and all your father's family into your house.
So the two men went into the hill country and stayed there three days until the pursuers had returned. They searched all along the way, but did not find them.
Joshua told the people, “Consecrate yourselves, because the LORD will do wonders among you tomorrow.”
Now the Jordan overflows its banks throughout the harvest season. But as soon as the priests carrying the ark reached the Jordan, their feet touched the water at its edge
and the water flowing downstream stood still, rising up in a mass that extended as far as[fn] Adam, a city next to Zarethan. The water flowing downstream into the Sea of the Arabah — the Dead Sea — was completely cut off, and the people crossed opposite Jericho.
and said to them, “Go across to the ark of the LORD your God in the middle of the Jordan. Each of you lift a stone onto his shoulder, one for each of the Israelite tribes,
“so that this will be a sign among you. In the future, when your children ask you, ‘What do these stones mean to you? '
The Israelites did just as Joshua had commanded them. The twelve men took stones from the middle of the Jordan, one for each of the Israelite tribes, just as the LORD had told Joshua. They carried them to the camp and set them down there.
About forty thousand equipped for war crossed to the plains of Jericho in the LORD's presence.
“When there is a prolonged blast of the horn and you hear its sound, have all the troops give a mighty shout. Then the city wall will collapse, and the troops will advance, each man straight ahead.”
So the ark of the LORD was carried around the city, circling it once. They returned to the camp and spent the night there.[fn]
On the second day they marched around the city once and returned to the camp. They did this for six days.
“For all the silver and gold, and the articles of bronze and iron, are dedicated to the LORD and must go into the LORD's treasury.”
So the troops shouted, and the rams' horns sounded. When they heard the blast of the ram's horn, the troops gave a great shout, and the wall collapsed. The troops advanced into the city, each man straight ahead, and they captured the city.
Joshua said to the two men who had scouted the land, “Go to the prostitute's house and bring the woman out of there, and all who are with her, just as you swore to her.”
So the young men who had scouted went in and brought out Rahab and her father, mother, brothers, and all who belonged to her. They brought out her whole family and settled them outside the camp of Israel.
They burned the city and everything in it, but they put the silver and gold and the articles of bronze and iron into the treasury of the LORD's house.
Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is near Beth-aven, east of Bethel, and told them, “Go up and scout the land.” So the men went up and scouted Ai.
“Israel has sinned. They have violated my covenant that I appointed for them. They have taken some of what was set apart. They have stolen, deceived, and put those things with their own belongings.
“Go and consecrate the people. Tell them to consecrate themselves for tomorrow, for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: There are things that are set apart among you, Israel. You will not be able to stand against your enemies until you remove what is set apart.
So Joshua sent messengers who ran to the tent, and there was the cloak, concealed in his tent, with the silver underneath.
Then Joshua and all Israel with him took Achan son of Zerah, the silver, the cloak, and the bar of gold, his sons and daughters, his ox, donkey, and sheep, his tent, and all that he had, and brought them up to the Valley of Achor.
The LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid or discouraged. Take all the troops with you and go attack Ai. Look, I have handed over to you the king of Ai, his people, city, and land.
“Treat Ai and its king as you did Jericho and its king, except that you may plunder its spoil and livestock for yourselves. Set an ambush behind the city.”
So Joshua and all the troops set out to attack Ai. Joshua selected thirty thousand of his best soldiers and sent them out at night.
“Then I and all the people who are with me will approach the city. When they come out against us as they did the first time, we will flee from them.
“you are to come out of your ambush and seize the city. The LORD your God will hand it over to you.
So Joshua sent them out, and they went to the ambush site and waited between Bethel and Ai, to the west of Ai. But he spent that night with the troops.
When the king of Ai saw the Israelites, the men of the city hurried and went out early in the morning so that he and all his people could engage Israel in battle at a suitable place facing the Arabah. But he did not know there was an ambush waiting for him behind the city.
Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Hold out the javelin in your hand toward Ai, for I will hand the city over to you.” So Joshua held out his javelin toward it.
The men of Ai turned and looked back, and smoke from the city was rising to the sky! They could not escape in any direction, and the troops who had fled to the wilderness now became the pursuers.
When Joshua and all Israel saw that the men in ambush had captured the city and that smoke was rising from it, they turned back and struck down the men of Ai.
Then men in ambush came out of the city against them, and the men of Ai were trapped between the Israelite forces, some on one side and some on the other. They struck them down until no survivor or fugitive remained,
When Israel had finished killing everyone living in Ai who had pursued them into the open country, and when every last one of them had fallen by the sword, all Israel returned to Ai and struck it down with the sword.
There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded that Joshua did not read before the entire assembly of Israel, including the women, the dependents, and the resident aliens who lived among them.
They went to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal and said to him and the men of Israel, “We have come from a distant land. Please make a treaty with us.”
“So our elders and all the inhabitants of our land told us, ‘Take provisions with you for the journey; go and meet them and say, “We are your servants. Please make a treaty with us.” '
So the Israelites set out and reached the Gibeonite cities on the third day. Now their cities were Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath-jearim.
On that day he made them woodcutters and water carriers — as they are today — for the community and for the LORD's altar at the place he would choose.
Then the men of Gibeon sent word to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal: “Don't give up on your servants. Come quickly and save us! Help us, for all the Amorite kings living in the hill country have joined forces against us.”
The LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, for I have handed them over to you. Not one of them will be able to stand against you.”
And the sun stood still
and the moon stopped
until the nation took vengeance on its enemies.
Isn't this written in the Book of Jashar?[fn]
So the sun stopped
in the middle of the sky
and delayed its setting
almost a full day.
“But as for the rest of you, don't stay there. Pursue your enemies and attack them from behind. Don't let them enter their cities, for the LORD your God has handed them over to you.”
So Joshua and the Israelites finished inflicting a terrible slaughter on them until they were destroyed, although a few survivors ran away to the fortified cities.
The people returned safely to Joshua in the camp at Makkedah. And no one dared to threaten the Israelites.
At sunset Joshua commanded that they be taken down from the trees and thrown into the cave where they had hidden. Then large stones were placed against the mouth of the cave, and the stones are still there today.
Joshua and all Israel with him crossed from Makkedah to Libnah and fought against Libnah.
The LORD also handed it and its king over to Israel. He struck it down, putting everyone in it to the sword, and left no survivors in it. He treated Libnah's king as he had the king of Jericho.
From Libnah, Joshua and all Israel with him crossed to Lachish. They laid siege to it and attacked it.
The LORD handed Lachish over to Israel, and Joshua captured it on the second day. He struck it down, putting everyone in it to the sword, just as he had done to Libnah.
Then Joshua crossed from Lachish to Eglon and all Israel with him. They laid siege to it and attacked it.
Joshua captured all these kings and their land in one campaign, because the LORD, the God of Israel, fought for Israel.
the Canaanites in the east and west, the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country, and the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
from Mount Halak, which ascends to Seir, as far as Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon at the foot of Mount Hermon. He captured all their kings and struck them down, putting them to death.
For it was the LORD's intention to harden their hearts, so that they would engage Israel in battle, be completely destroyed without mercy, and be annihilated, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
Joshua and the Israelites struck down the following kings of the land beyond the Jordan to the west, from Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon to Mount Halak, which ascends toward Seir (Joshua gave their land as an inheritance to the tribes of Israel according to their allotments:
Joshua was now old, advanced in age, and the LORD said to him, “You have become old, advanced in age, but a great deal of the land remains to be possessed.
“On that day Moses swore to me, ‘The land where you have set foot will be an inheritance for you and your descendants forever, because you have followed the LORD my God completely.'
“I am still as strong today as I was the day Moses sent me out. My strength for battle and for daily tasks[fn] is now as it was then.
and went south of the Scorpions' Ascent, proceeded to Zin, ascended to the south of Kadesh-barnea, passed Hezron, ascended to Addar, and turned to Karka.
From there the border ascended Ben Hinnom Valley to the southern Jebusite slope (that is, Jerusalem) and ascended to the top of the hill that faces Hinnom Valley on the west, at the northern end of Rephaim Valley.
From the top of the hill the border curved to the spring of the Waters of Nephtoah, went to the cities of Mount Ephron, and then curved to Baalah (that is, Kiriath-jearim).
The border turned westward from Baalah to Mount Seir, went to the northern slope of Mount Jearim (that is, Chesalon), descended to Beth-shemesh, and proceeded to Timnah.
Then the border reached to the slope north of Ekron, curved to Shikkeron, proceeded to Mount Baalah, went to Jabneel, and ended at the Mediterranean Sea.
and Caleb said, “Whoever attacks and captures Kiriath-sepher, I will give my daughter Achsah to him as a wife.”
She replied, “Give me a blessing. Since you have given me land in the Negev, give me the springs also.” So he gave her the upper and lower springs.
The allotment for the descendants of Joseph went from the Jordan at Jericho to the Waters of Jericho on the east, through the wilderness ascending from Jericho into the hill country of Bethel.
In the north the border went westward from Michmethath; it turned eastward from Taanath-shiloh and passed it east of Janoah.
From Janoah it descended to Ataroth and Naarah, and then reached Jericho and went to the Jordan.
From there the border descended to the Brook of Kanah; south of the brook, cities belonged to Ephraim among Manasseh's cities. Manasseh's border was on the north side of the brook and ended at the Mediterranean Sea.
“If you have so many people,” Joshua replied to them, “go to the forest and clear an area for yourselves there in the land of the Perizzites and the Rephaim, because Ephraim's hill country is too small for you.”
The entire Israelite community assembled at Shiloh and set up the tent of meeting there. The land had been subdued before them,
So the men left, went through the land, and described it by towns in a document of seven sections. They returned to Joshua at the camp in Shiloh.
On the west side, from the hill facing Beth-horon on the south, the border curved, turning southward, and ended at Kiriath-baal (that is, Kiriath-jearim), a city of the descendants of Judah. This was the west side of their border.
The south side began at the edge of Kiriath-jearim, and the border extended westward; it went to the spring at the Waters of Nephtoah.
The border continued to the north slope of Beth-hoglah and ended at the northern bay of the Dead Sea, at the southern end of the Jordan. This was the southern border.
their border went up westward to Maralah, reached Dabbesheth, and met the brook east of Jokneam.
It turned eastward to Beth-dagon, reached Zebulun and Iphtah-el Valley, north toward Beth-emek and Neiel, and went north to Cabul,
The boundary then turned to Ramah as far as the fortified city of Tyre; it turned back to Hosah and ended at the Mediterranean Sea, including Mahalab, Achzib,[fn]
When the territory of the descendants of Dan slipped out of their control, they went up and fought against Leshem, captured it, and struck it down with the sword. So they took possession of it, lived there, and renamed Leshem after their ancestor Dan.
This was the inheritance of the tribe of Dan's descendants by their clans, these cities with their settlements.
“so that a person who kills someone unintentionally or accidentally may flee there. These will be your refuge from the avenger of blood.
These are the cities appointed for all the Israelites and the aliens residing among them, so that anyone who kills a person unintentionally may flee there and not die at the hand of the avenger of blood until he stands before the assembly.
The LORD gave them rest on every side according to all he had sworn to their ancestors. None of their enemies were able to stand against them, for the LORD handed over all their enemies to them.
“Now that he has given your brothers rest, just as he promised them, return to your homes in your own land that Moses the LORD's servant gave you across the Jordan.
Moses had given territory to half the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan, but Joshua had given territory to the other half,[fn] with their brothers, on the west side of the Jordan. When Joshua sent them to their homes and blessed them,
he said, “Return to your homes with great wealth: a huge number of cattle, and silver, gold, bronze, iron, and a large quantity of clothing. Share the spoil of your enemies with your brothers.”
The Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh left the Israelites at Shiloh in the land of Canaan to return to their own land of Gilead, which they took possession of according to the LORD's command through Moses.
When they came to the region of[fn] the Jordan in the land of Canaan, the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh built a large, impressive altar there by the Jordan.
When the Israelites heard this, the entire Israelite community assembled at Shiloh to go to war against them.
The Israelites sent Phinehas son of Eleazar the priest to the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh, in the land of Gilead.
They went to the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh, in the land of Gilead, and told them,
“But if the land you possess is defiled, cross over to the land the LORD possesses where the LORD's tabernacle stands, and take possession of it among us. But don't rebel against the LORD or against us by building for yourselves an altar other than the altar of the LORD our God.
Then the priest Phinehas son of Eleazar and the leaders returned from the Reubenites and Gadites in the land of Gilead to the Israelites in the land of Canaan and brought back a report to them.
The Israelites were pleased with the report, and they blessed God. They spoke no more about going to war against them to ravage the land where the Reubenites and Gadites lived.
“See, I have allotted these remaining nations to you as an inheritance for your tribes, including all the nations I have destroyed, from the Jordan westward to the Mediterranean Sea.
“Be very strong and continue obeying all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, so that you do not turn from it to the right or left
“and so that you do not associate with these nations remaining among you. Do not call on the names of their gods or make an oath to them; do not serve them or bow in worship to them.
“know for certain that the LORD your God will not continue to drive these nations out before you. They will become a snare and a trap for you, a sharp stick[fn] for your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you disappear from this good land the LORD your God has given you.
Joshua assembled all the tribes of Israel at Shechem and summoned Israel's elders, leaders, judges, and officers, and they presented themselves before God.
“and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. I gave the hill country of Seir to Esau as a possession.
“ ‘Jacob and his sons, however, went down to Egypt.
“When I brought your ancestors out of Egypt and you reached the Red Sea, the Egyptians pursued your ancestors with chariots and horsemen as far as the sea.
“ ‘Later, I brought you to the land of the Amorites who lived beyond the Jordan. They fought against you, but I handed them over to you. You possessed their land, and I annihilated them before you.
“ ‘You then crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. Jericho's citizens — as well as the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hethites, Girgashites, Hivites, and Jebusites — fought against you, but I handed them over to you.
Joshua recorded these things in the book of the law of God; he also took a large stone and set it up there under the oak at the sanctuary of the LORD.
And Joshua said to all the people, “You see this stone — it will be a witness against us, for it has heard all the words the LORD said to us, and it will be a witness against you, so that you will not deny your God.”
They buried him in his allotted territory at Timnath-serah, in the hill country of Ephraim north of Mount Gaash.
And Eleazar son of Aaron died, and they buried him at Gibeah,[fn] which had been given to his son Phinehas in the hill country of Ephraim.
Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off used to pick up scraps[fn] under my table. God has repaid me for what I have done.” They brought him to Jerusalem, and he died there.
Caleb said, “Whoever attacks and captures Kiriath-sepher, I will give my daughter Achsah to him as a wife.”
So Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb's youngest brother, captured it, and Caleb gave his daughter Achsah to him as his wife.
When she arrived, she persuaded Othniel to ask her father for a field. As she got off her donkey, Caleb asked her, “What do you want? ”
She answered him, “Give me a blessing. Since you have given me land in the Negev, give me springs also.” So Caleb gave her both the upper and lower springs.
The descendants of the Kenite, Moses's father-in-law, had gone up with the men of Judah from the City of Palms[fn] to the Wilderness of Judah, which was in the Negev of Arad. They went to live among the people.
Then the man went to the land of the Hittites, built a town, and named it Luz. That is its name still today.
When Israel became stronger, they made the Canaanites serve as forced labor but never drove them out completely.
At that time Ephraim failed to drive out the Canaanites who were living in Gezer, so the Canaanites have lived among them in Gezer.
Zebulun failed to drive out the residents of Kitron or the residents of Nahalol, so the Canaanites lived among them and served as forced labor.
Asher failed to drive out the residents of Acco or of Sidon, or Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, or Rehob.
Naphtali did not drive out the residents of Beth-shemesh or the residents of Beth-anath. They lived among the Canaanites who were living in the land, but the residents of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served as their forced labor.
The Amorites forced the Danites into the hill country and did not allow them to go down into the valley.
The Amorites were determined to stay in Har-heres, Aijalon, and Shaalbim. When the house of Joseph got the upper hand, the Amorites were made to serve as forced labor.
The angel of the LORD went up from Gilgal to Bochim and said, “I brought you out of Egypt and led you into the land I had promised to your ancestors. I also said: I will never break my covenant with you.
“You are not to make a covenant with the inhabitants of this land. You are to tear down their altars. But you have not obeyed me. What have you done?
“Therefore, I now say: I will not drive out these people before you. They will be thorns[fn] in your sides, and their gods will be a trap for you.”
Previously, when Joshua had sent the people away, the Israelites had gone to take possession of the land, each to his own inheritance.
Whenever the Israelites went out, the LORD was against them and brought disaster on them, just as he had promised and sworn to them. So they suffered greatly.
The Israelites took their daughters as wives for themselves, gave their own daughters to their sons, and worshiped their gods.
Ehud reached with his left hand, took the sword from his right thigh, and plunged it into Eglon's belly.
Ehud escaped by way of the porch, closing and locking the doors of the upstairs room behind him.
Ehud escaped while the servants waited. He passed the Jordan near the carved images and reached Seirah.
After Ehud, Shamgar son of Anath became judge. He also delivered Israel, striking down six hundred Philistines with a cattle prod.
She summoned Barak son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali and said to him, “Hasn't the LORD, the God of Israel, commanded you, ‘Go, deploy the troops on Mount Tabor, and take with you ten thousand men from the Naphtalites and Zebulunites?
“Then I will lure Sisera commander of Jabin's army, his chariots, and his infantry at the Wadi Kishon to fight against you, and I will hand him over to you.' ”
“I will gladly go with you,” she said, “but you will receive no honor on the road you are about to take, because the LORD will sell Sisera to a woman.” So Deborah got up and went with Barak to Kedesh.
Barak summoned Zebulun and Naphtali to Kedesh; ten thousand men followed him, and Deborah also went with him.
Sisera summoned all his nine hundred iron chariots and all the troops who were with him from Harosheth of the Nations to the Wadi Kishon.
Meanwhile, Sisera had fled on foot to the tent of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, because there was peace between King Jabin of Hazor and the family of Heber the Kenite.
Jael went out to greet Sisera and said to him, “Come in, my lord. Come in with me. Don't be afraid.” So he went into her tent, and she covered him with a blanket.
When Barak arrived in pursuit of Sisera, Jael went out to greet him and said to him, “Come and I will show you the man you are looking for.” So he went in with her, and there was Sisera lying dead with a tent peg through his temple!
Let them tell the righteous acts of the LORD,
the righteous deeds of his villagers in Israel,
with the voices of the singers at the watering places.[fn]
Then the LORD's people went down to the city gates.
Why did you sit among the sheep pens[fn]
listening to the playing of pipes for the flocks?
There was great searching of heart
among the clans of Reuben.
“Curse Meroz,” says the angel of the LORD,
“Bitterly curse her inhabitants,
for they did not come to help the LORD,
to help the LORD with the warriors.”
She reached for a tent peg,
her right hand, for a workman's hammer.
Then she hammered Sisera —
she crushed his head;
she shattered and pierced his temple.
They encamped against them and destroyed the produce of the land, even as far as Gaza. They left nothing for Israel to eat, as well as no sheep, ox, or donkey.
For the Midianites came with their cattle and their tents like a great swarm of locusts. They and their camels were without number, and they entered the land to lay waste to it.
So Gideon went and prepared a young goat and unleavened bread from a half bushel[fn] of flour. He placed the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot. He brought them out and offered them to him under the oak.
When the men of the city got up in the morning, they found Baal's altar torn down, the Asherah pole beside it cut down, and the second bull offered up on the altar that had been built.
He sent messengers throughout all of Manasseh, who rallied behind him. He also sent messengers throughout Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, who also came to meet him.
“Now announce to the troops, ‘Whoever is fearful and trembling may turn back and leave Mount Gilead.' ” So twenty-two thousand of the troops turned back, but ten thousand remained.
Then the LORD said to Gideon, “There are still too many troops. Take them down to the water, and I will test them for you there. If I say to you, ‘This one can go with you,' he can go. But if I say about anyone, ‘This one cannot go with you,' he cannot go.”
So he brought the troops down to the water, and the LORD said to Gideon, “Separate everyone who laps water with his tongue like a dog. Do the same with everyone who kneels to drink.”
The LORD said to Gideon, “I will deliver you with the three hundred men who lapped and hand the Midianites over to you. But everyone else is to go home.”
So Gideon sent all the Israelites to their tents but kept the three hundred troops, who took the provisions and their rams' horns. The camp of Midian was below him in the valley.
That night the LORD said to him, “Get up and attack the camp, for I have handed it over to you.
“Listen to what they say, and then you will be encouraged to attack the camp.” So he went down with Purah his servant to the outpost of the troops[fn] who were in the camp.
Now the Midianites, Amalekites, and all the people of the east had settled down in the valley like a swarm of locusts, and their camels were as innumerable as the sand on the seashore.
When Gideon heard the account of the dream and its interpretation, he bowed in worship. He returned to Israel's camp and said, “Get up, for the LORD has handed the Midianite camp over to you.”
Gideon sent messengers throughout the hill country of Ephraim with this message: “Come down to intercept the Midianites and take control of the watercourses ahead of them as far as Beth-barah and the Jordan.” So all the men of Ephraim were called out, and they took control of the watercourses as far as Beth-barah and the Jordan.
He went from there to Penuel and asked the same thing from them. The men of Penuel answered just as the men of Succoth had answered.
Gideon made an ephod from all this and put it in Ophrah, his hometown. Then all Israel prostituted themselves by worshiping it there, and it became a snare to Gideon and his household.
When Gideon died, the Israelites turned and prostituted themselves by worshiping the Baals and made Baal-berith[fn] their god.
Abimelech son of Jerubbaal went to Shechem and spoke to his uncles and to his mother's whole clan, saying,
He went to his father's house in Ophrah and killed his seventy brothers, the sons of Jerubbaal, on top of a large stone. But Jotham, the youngest son of Jerubbaal, survived, because he hid.
Then all the citizens of Shechem and of Beth-millo gathered together and proceeded to make Abimelech king at the oak of the pillar in Shechem.
The bramble said to the trees,
“If you really are anointing me
as king over you,
come and find refuge in my shade.
But if not,
may fire come out from the bramble
and consume the cedars of Lebanon.”
Then Jotham fled, escaping to Beer, and lived there because of his brother Abimelech.
Gaal son of Ebed came with his brothers and crossed into Shechem, and the citizens of Shechem trusted him.
So they went out to the countryside and harvested grapes from their vineyards. They trampled the grapes and held a celebration. Then they went to the house of their god, and as they ate and drank, they cursed Abimelech.
So he secretly sent messengers to Abimelech, saying, “Beware! Gaal son of Ebed and his brothers have come to Shechem and are turning the city against you.[fn]
The next day when the people of Shechem[fn] went into the countryside, this was reported to Abimelech.
So Abimelech and all the troops who were with him went up to Mount Zalmon. Abimelech took his ax in his hand and cut a branch from the trees. He picked up the branch, put it on his shoulder, and said to the troops who were with him, “Hurry and do what you have seen me do.”
God also brought back to the men of Shechem all their evil. So the curse of Jotham son of Jerubbaal came upon them.
The rulers[fn] of Gilead said to one another, “Which man will begin the fight against the Ammonites? He will be the leader of all the inhabitants of Gilead.”
They answered Jephthah, “That's true. But now we turn to you. Come with us, fight the Ammonites, and you will become leader of all the inhabitants of Gilead.”
So Jephthah said to them, “If you are bringing me back to fight the Ammonites and the LORD gives them to me, I will be your leader.”
So Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead. The people made him their leader and commander, and Jephthah repeated all his terms in the presence of the LORD at Mizpah.
“Then they traveled through the wilderness and around the lands of Edom and Moab. They came to the east side of the land of Moab and camped on the other side of the Arnon but did not enter into the territory of Moab, for the Arnon was the boundary of Moab.
“but Sihon would not trust Israel to pass through his territory. Instead, Sihon gathered all his troops, camped at Jahaz, and fought with Israel.
The Spirit of the LORD came on Jephthah, who traveled through Gilead and Manasseh, and then through Mizpah of Gilead. He crossed over to the Ammonites from Mizpah of Gilead.
“whoever comes out the doors of my house to greet me when I return safely from the Ammonites will belong to the LORD, and I will offer that person as a burnt offering.”
He defeated twenty of their cities with a great slaughter from Aroer all the way to the entrance of Minnith and to Abel-keramim. So the Ammonites were subdued before the Israelites.
When Jephthah went to his home in Mizpah, there was his daughter, coming out to meet him with tambourines and dancing! She was his only child; he had no other son or daughter besides her.
When he saw her, he tore his clothes and said, “No! Not my daughter! You have devastated me! You have brought great misery on me.[fn] I have given my word to the LORD and cannot take it back.”
At the end of two months, she returned to her father, and he kept the vow he had made about her. And she had never been intimate with a man. Now it became a custom in Israel
that four days each year the young women of Israel would commemorate the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite.
The men of Ephraim were called together and crossed the Jordan to Zaphon. They said to Jephthah, “Why have you crossed over to fight against the Ammonites but didn't call us to go with you? We will burn your house with you in it! ”
When the flame went up from the altar to the sky, the angel of the LORD went up in its flame. When Manoah and his wife saw this, they fell facedown on the ground.
He went back and told his father and his mother, “I have seen a young Philistine woman in Timnah. Now get her for me as a wife.”
Samson went down to Timnah with his father and mother and came to the vineyards of Timnah. Suddenly a young lion came roaring at him,
He scooped some honey into his hands and ate it as he went along. When he came to his father and mother, he gave some to them and they ate it. But he did not tell them that he had scooped the honey from the lion's carcass.
The Spirit of the LORD came powerfully on him, and he went down to Ashkelon and killed thirty of their men. He stripped them and gave their clothes to those who had explained the riddle. In a rage, Samson returned to his father's house,
Later on, during the wheat harvest, Samson took a young goat as a gift and visited his wife. “I want to go to my wife in her room,” he said. But her father would not let him enter.
Then he ignited the torches and released the foxes into the standing grain of the Philistines. He burned the piles of grain and the standing grain as well as the vineyards and olive groves.
They said to him, “We've come to tie you up and hand you over to the Philistines.”
Then Samson told them, “Swear to me that you yourselves won't kill me.”
“No,” they said,[fn] “we won't kill you, but we will tie you up securely and hand you over to them.” So they tied him up with two new ropes and led him away from the rock.
When he came to Lehi, the Philistines came to meet him shouting. The Spirit of the LORD came powerfully on him, and the ropes that were on his arms and wrists became like burnt flax and fell off.
Then Delilah said to Samson, “You have mocked me all along and told me lies! Tell me how you can be tied up.”
He told her, “If you weave the seven braids on my head into the fabric on a loom — ”[fn]
She fastened the braids with a pin and called to him, “Samson, the Philistines are here! ” He awoke from his sleep and pulled out the pin, with the loom and the web.
Because she nagged him day after day and pleaded with him until she wore him out,[fn]
The Philistines seized him and gouged out his eyes. They brought him down to Gaza and bound him with bronze shackles, and he was forced to grind grain in the prison.
This man Micah had a shrine, and he made an ephod and household idols, and installed one of his sons to be his priest.
The man left the town of Bethlehem in Judah to stay wherever he could find a place. On his way he came to Micah's home in the hill country of Ephraim.
Micah replied,[fn] “Stay with me and be my father and priest, and I will give you four ounces of silver a year, along with your clothing and provisions.” So the Levite went in
Micah consecrated the Levite, and the young man became his priest and lived in Micah's house.
Then Micah said, “Now I know that the LORD will be good to me, because a Levite has become my priest.”
So the Danites sent out five brave men from all their clans, from Zorah and Eshtaol, to scout out the land and explore it. They told them, “Go and explore the land.”
They came to the hill country of Ephraim as far as the home of Micah and spent the night there.
He told them, “This is what Micah has done for me: He has hired me, and I became his priest.”
The priest told them, “Go in peace. The LORD is watching over the journey you are going on.”
When the men went back to their relatives at Zorah and Eshtaol, their relatives asked them, “What did you find out? ”
So they detoured there and went to the house of the young Levite at the home of Micah and greeted him.
When they entered Micah's house and took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the silver idol, the priest said to them, “What are you doing? ”
They told him, “Be quiet. Keep your mouth shut.[fn] Come with us and be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest for the house of one person or for you to be a priest for a tribe and family in Israel? ”
The Danites went on their way, and Micah turned to go back home, because he saw that they were stronger than he was.
But she was unfaithful to[fn] him and left him for her father's house in Bethlehem in Judah. She was there for four months.
Then her husband got up and followed her to speak kindly to her and bring her back. He had his servant with him and a pair of donkeys. So she brought him to her father's house, and when the girl's father saw him, he gladly welcomed him.
The man got up to go with his concubine and his servant, when his father-in-law, the girl's father, said to him, “Look, night is coming. Please spend the night. See, the day is almost over. Spend the night here, enjoy yourself, then you can get up early tomorrow for your journey and go home.”
When they were near Jebus and the day was almost gone, the servant said to his master, “Please, why not let us stop at this Jebusite city and spend the night here? ”
But his master replied to him, “We will not stop at a foreign city where there are no Israelites. Let's move on to Gibeah.”
“Come on,” he said,[fn] “let's try to reach one of these places and spend the night in Gibeah or Ramah.”
They stopped[fn] to go in and spend the night in Gibeah. The Levite went in and sat down in the city square, but no one took them into their home to spend the night.
He answered him, “We're traveling from Bethlehem in Judah to the remote hill country of Ephraim, where I am from. I went to Bethlehem in Judah, and now I'm going to the house of the LORD.[fn] No one has taken me into his home,
So he brought him to his house and fed the donkeys. Then they washed their feet and ate and drank.
While they were enjoying themselves, all of a sudden, wicked men of the city surrounded the house and beat on the door. They said to the old man who was the owner of the house, “Bring out the man who came to your house so we can have sex with him! ”
The owner of the house went out and said to them, “Please don't do this evil, my brothers. After all, this man has come into my house. Don't commit this horrible outrage.
“Get up,” he told her. “Let's go.” But there was no response. So the man put her on his donkey and set out for home.
When he entered his house, he picked up a knife, took hold of his concubine, cut her into twelve pieces, limb by limb, and then sent her throughout the territory of Israel.
All the Israelites from Dan to Beer-sheba and from the land of Gilead came out, and the community assembled as one body before the LORD at Mizpah.
The Benjaminites heard that the Israelites had gone up to Mizpah.
The Israelites asked, “Tell us, how did this evil act happen? ”
The Levite, the husband of the murdered woman, answered, “I went to Gibeah in Benjamin with my concubine to spend the night.
Then all the people stood united and said, “None of us will go to his tent or return to his house.
Instead, the Benjaminites gathered together from their cities to Gibeah to go out and fight against the Israelites.
They set out, went to Bethel, and inquired of God. The Israelites asked, “Who is to go first to fight for us against the Benjaminites? ”
And the LORD answered, “Judah will be first.”
The men of Israel went out to fight against Benjamin and took their battle positions against Gibeah.
They went up, wept before the LORD until evening, and inquired of him, “Should we again attack our brothers the Benjaminites? ”
And the LORD answered, “Fight against them.”
That same day the Benjaminites came out from Gibeah to meet them and slaughtered an additional eighteen thousand Israelites on the field; all were armed.
The whole Israelite army went to Bethel where they wept and sat before the LORD. They fasted that day until evening and offered burnt offerings and fellowship offerings to the LORD.
and Phinehas son of Eleazar, son of Aaron, was serving before it. The Israelites asked, “Should we again fight against our brothers the Benjaminites or should we stop? ”
The LORD answered, “Fight, because I will hand them over to you tomorrow.”
Then the Benjaminites came out against the troops and were drawn away from the city. They began to attack the troops as before, killing about thirty men of Israel on the highways, one of which goes up to Bethel and the other to Gibeah through the open country.
The Benjaminites said, “We are defeating them as before.”
But the Israelites said, “Let's flee and draw them away from the city to the highways.”
But when the column of smoke began to go up from the city, Benjamin looked behind them, and the whole city was going up in smoke.[fn]
They retreated before the men of Israel toward the wilderness, but the battle overtook them, and those who came out of the cities[fn] slaughtered those between them.
Then Benjamin turned and fled toward the wilderness to Rimmon Rock, and Israel killed five thousand men on the highways. They overtook them at Gidom and struck two thousand more dead.
But six hundred men escaped into the wilderness to Rimmon Rock and stayed there four months.
The men of Israel turned back against the other Benjaminites and killed them with their swords — the entire city, the animals, and everything that remained. They also burned all the cities that remained.
The men of Israel had sworn an oath at Mizpah: “None of us will give his daughter to a Benjaminite in marriage.”
So the people went to Bethel and sat there before God until evening. They wept loudly and bitterly,
The Israelites asked, “Who of all the tribes of Israel didn't come to the LORD with the assembly? ” For a great oath had been taken that anyone who had not come to the LORD at Mizpah would certainly be put to death.
“What should we do about wives for the survivors? We've sworn to the LORD not to give them any of our daughters as wives.”
They asked, “Which city among the tribes of Israel didn't come to the LORD at Mizpah? ” It turned out that no one from Jabesh-gilead had come to the camp and the assembly.
They found among the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead four hundred young virgins, who had not been intimate with a man, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan.
The whole congregation sent a message of peace to the Benjaminites who were at Rimmon Rock.
The elders of the congregation said, “What should we do about wives for those who are left, since the women of Benjamin have been destroyed? ”
They also said, “Look, there's an annual festival to the LORD in Shiloh, which is north of Bethel, east of the highway that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of Lebonah.”
“Watch, and when you see the young women of Shiloh come out to perform the dances, each of you leave the vineyards and catch a wife for yourself from the young women of Shiloh, and go to the land of Benjamin.
At that time, each of the Israelites returned from there to his own tribe and family. Each returned from there to his own inheritance.
The man's name was Elimelech, and his wife's name was Naomi.[fn] The names of his two sons were Mahlon and Chilion. They were Ephrathites from Bethlehem in Judah. They entered the fields of Moab and settled there.
She left the place where she had been living, accompanied by her two daughters-in-law, and traveled along the road leading back to the land of Judah.
Naomi said to them, “Each of you go back to your mother's home. May the LORD show kindness to you as you have shown to the dead and to me.
But Naomi replied, “Return home, my daughters. Why do you want to go with me? Am I able to have any more sons who could become your husbands?
The two of them traveled until they came to Bethlehem. When they entered Bethlehem, the whole town was excited about their arrival[fn] and the local women exclaimed, “Can this be Naomi? ”
So Naomi came back from the territory of Moab with her daughter-in-law Ruth the Moabitess. They arrived in Bethlehem at the beginning of the barley harvest.
Ruth the Moabitess asked Naomi, “Will you let me go into the fields and gather fallen grain behind someone with whom I find favor? ”
Naomi answered her, “Go ahead, my daughter.”
“See which field they are harvesting, and follow them. Haven't I ordered the young men not to touch you? When you are thirsty, go and drink from the jars the young men have filled.”
She picked up the grain and went into the town, where her mother-in-law saw what she had gleaned. She brought out what she had left over from her meal and gave it to her.
She went down to the threshing floor and did everything her mother-in-law had charged her to do.
And he told Ruth, “Bring the shawl you're wearing and hold it out.” When she held it out, he shoveled six measures of barley into her shawl, and she[fn] went into the town.
“I have also acquired Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon's widow, as my wife, to perpetuate the deceased man's name on his property, so that his name will not disappear among his relatives or from the gate of his hometown. You are witnesses today.”
All the people who were at the city gate, including the elders, said, “We are witnesses. May the LORD make the woman who is entering your house like Rachel and Leah, who together built the house of Israel. May you be powerful in Ephrathah and your name well known in Bethlehem.
Boaz took Ruth and she became his wife. He slept with her, and the LORD granted conception to her, and she gave birth to a son.
“He will renew your life and sustain you in your old age. Indeed, your daughter-in-law, who loves you and is better to you than seven sons, has given birth to him.”
This man would go up from his town every year to worship and to sacrifice to the LORD of Armies at Shiloh, where Eli's two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, were the LORD's priests.
Year after year, when she went up to the LORD's house, her rival taunted her in this way. Hannah would weep and would not eat.
Hannah was praying silently, and though her lips were moving, her voice could not be heard. Eli thought she was drunk
“Don't think of me as a wicked woman; I've been praying from the depth of my anguish and resentment.”
Eli responded, “Go in peace, and may the God of Israel grant the request you've made of him.”
“May your servant find favor with you,” she replied. Then Hannah went on her way; she ate and no longer looked despondent.[fn]
The next morning Elkanah and Hannah got up early to worship before the LORD. Afterward, they returned home to Ramah. Then Elkanah was intimate with his wife Hannah, and the LORD remembered her.
The LORD brings death and gives life;
he sends some down to Sheol, and he raises others up.
Elkanah went home to Ramah, but the boy served the LORD in the presence of the priest Eli.
and plunge it into the container, kettle, cauldron, or cooking pot. The priest would claim for himself whatever the meat fork brought up. This is the way they treated all the Israelites who came there to Shiloh.
Each year his mother made him a little robe and took it to him when she went with her husband to offer the annual sacrifice.
Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife: “May the LORD give you children by this woman in place of the one she[fn] has given to the LORD.” Then they would go home.
“If one person sins against another, God can intercede for him, but if a person sins against the LORD, who can intercede for him? ” But they would not listen to their father, since the LORD intended to kill them.
“Out of all the tribes of Israel, I chose your house[fn] to be my priests, to offer sacrifices on my altar, to burn incense, and to wear an ephod in my presence. I also gave your forefather's family all the Israelite food offerings.
“Why, then, do all of you despise my sacrifices and offerings that I require at the place of worship? You have honored your sons more than me, by making yourselves fat with the best part of all of the offerings of my people Israel.'
“On that day I will carry out against Eli everything I said about his family, from beginning to end.
All Israel from Dan to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was a confirmed prophet of the LORD.
The LORD continued to appear in Shiloh, because there he revealed himself to Samuel by his word.
And Samuel's words came to all Israel.
Israel went out to meet the Philistines in battle and[fn] camped at Ebenezer while the Philistines camped at Aphek.
The Philistines lined up in battle formation against Israel, and as the battle intensified, Israel was defeated by the Philistines, who struck down about four thousand men on the battlefield.
When the troops returned to the camp, the elders of Israel asked, “Why did the LORD defeat us today before the Philistines? Let's bring the ark of the LORD's covenant from Shiloh. Then it[fn] will go with us and save us from our enemies.”
So the people sent men to Shiloh to bring back the ark of the covenant of the LORD of Armies, who is enthroned between the cherubim. Eli's two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God.
When the ark of the covenant of the LORD entered the camp, all the Israelites raised such a loud shout that the ground shook.
The Philistines heard the sound of the war cry and asked, “What's this loud shout in the Hebrews' camp? ” When the Philistines discovered that the ark of the LORD had entered the camp,
they panicked. “A god has entered their camp! ” they said. “Woe to us! Nothing like this has happened before.
“Show some courage and be men, Philistines! Otherwise, you'll serve the Hebrews just as they served you. Now be men and fight! ”
So the Philistines fought, and Israel was defeated, and each man fled to his tent. The slaughter was severe — thirty thousand of the Israelite foot soldiers fell.
That same day, a Benjaminite man ran from the battle and came to Shiloh. His clothes were torn, and there was dirt on his head.
When he arrived, there was Eli sitting on his chair beside the road waiting, because he was anxious about the ark of God. When the man entered the city to give a report, the entire city cried out.
After the Philistines had captured the ark of God, they took it from Ebenezer to Ashdod,
When the people of Ashdod got up early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen with his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD. So they took Dagon and returned him to his place.
That is why, still today, the priests of Dagon and everyone who enters the temple of Dagon in Ashdod do not step on Dagon's threshold.
So they called all the Philistine rulers together and asked, “What should we do with the ark of Israel's God? ”
“The ark of Israel's God should be moved to Gath,” they replied. So they moved the ark of Israel's God.
After they had moved it, the LORD's hand was against the city of Gath, causing a great panic. He afflicted the people of the city, from the youngest to the oldest, with an outbreak of tumors.
The people of Gath then sent the ark of God to Ekron, but when it got there, the Ekronites cried out, “They've moved the ark of Israel's God to us to kill us and our people! ”[fn]
The Ekronites called all the Philistine rulers together. They said, “Send the ark of Israel's God away. Let it return to its place so it won't kill us and our people! ”[fn] For the fear of death pervaded the city; God's hand was oppressing them.
Those who did not die were afflicted with tumors, and the outcry of the city went up to heaven.
the Philistines summoned the priests and the diviners and pleaded, “What should we do with the ark of the LORD? Tell us how we can send it back to its place.”
“Now then, prepare one new cart and two milk cows that have never been yoked. Hitch the cows to the cart, but take their calves away and pen them up.
“Then watch: If it goes up the road to its homeland toward Beth-shemesh, it is the LORD who has made this terrible trouble for us. However, if it doesn't, we will know that it was not his hand that punished us — it was just something that happened to us by chance.”
The men did this: They took two milk cows, hitched them to the cart, and confined their calves in the pen.
The cows went straight up the road to Beth-shemesh. They stayed on that one highway, lowing as they went; they never strayed to the right or to the left. The Philistine rulers were walking behind them to the territory of Beth-shemesh.
The people of Beth-shemesh were harvesting wheat in the valley, and when they looked up and saw the ark, they were overjoyed to see it.
The cart came to the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh and stopped there near a large rock. The people of the city chopped up the cart and offered the cows as a burnt offering to the LORD.
So the people of Kiriath-jearim came for the ark of the LORD and took it to Abinadab's house on the hill. They consecrated his son Eleazar to take care of it.
Samuel said, “Gather all Israel at Mizpah, and I will pray to the LORD on your behalf.”
When they gathered at Mizpah, they drew water and poured it out in the LORD's presence. They fasted that day, and there they confessed, “We have sinned against the LORD.” And Samuel judged the Israelites at Mizpah.
When the Philistines heard that the Israelites had gathered at Mizpah, their rulers marched up toward Israel. When the Israelites heard about it, they were afraid because of the Philistines.
Samuel was offering the burnt offering as the Philistines approached to fight against Israel. The LORD thundered loudly against the Philistines that day and threw them into such confusion that they were defeated by Israel.
So the Philistines were subdued and[fn] did not invade Israel's territory again. The LORD's hand was against the Philistines all of Samuel's life.
Then he would return to Ramah because his home was there, he judged Israel there, and he built an altar to the LORD there.
“He can take your male servants, your female servants, your best cattle,[fn] and your donkeys and use them for his work.
“Listen to them,” the LORD told Samuel. “Appoint a king for them.”
Then Samuel told the men of Israel, “Each of you, go back to your city.”
When they came to the land of Zuph, Saul said to the servant who was with him, “Come on, let's go back, or my father will stop worrying about the donkeys and start worrying about us.”
“Good,” Saul replied to his servant. “Come on, let's go.” So they went to the city where the man of God was.
The women answered, “Yes, he is ahead of you. Hurry, he just now entered the city, because there's a sacrifice for the people at the high place today.
“As soon as you enter the city, you will find him before he goes to the high place to eat. The people won't eat until he comes because he must bless the sacrifice; after that, the guests can eat. Go up immediately — you can find him now.”
So they went up toward the city.
Saul and his servant were entering the city when they saw Samuel coming toward them on his way to the high place.
“At this time tomorrow I will send you a man from the land of Benjamin. Anoint him ruler over my people Israel. He will save them from the Philistines because I have seen the affliction of my people, for their cry has come to me.”
Saul approached Samuel in the city gate and asked, “Would you please tell me where the seer's house is? ”
“I am the seer,” Samuel answered.[fn] “Go up ahead of me to the high place and eat with me today. When I send you off in the morning, I'll tell you everything that's in your heart.
Samuel took Saul and his servant, brought them to the banquet hall, and gave them a place at the head of the thirty[fn] or so men who had been invited.
The cook picked up the thigh and what was attached to it and set it before Saul. Then Samuel said, “Notice that the reserved piece is set before you. Eat it because it was saved for you for this solemn event at the time I said, ‘I've invited the people.' ” So Saul ate with Samuel that day.
As they were going down to the edge of the city, Samuel said to Saul, “Tell the servant to go on ahead of us, but you stay for a while, and I'll reveal the word of God to you.” So the servant went on.
Samuel took the flask of oil, poured it out on Saul's head, kissed him, and said, “Hasn't the LORD anointed you ruler over his inheritance?[fn]
“You will proceed from there until you come to the oak of Tabor. Three men going up to God at Bethel will meet you there, one bringing three goats, one bringing three loaves of bread, and one bringing a clay jar of wine.
“They will ask how you are and give you two loaves[fn] of bread, which you will accept from them.
“After that you will come to Gibeah of God where there are Philistine garrisons.[fn] When you arrive at the city, you will meet a group of prophets coming down from the high place prophesying. They will be preceded by harps, tambourines, flutes, and lyres.
“The Spirit of the LORD will come powerfully on you, you will prophesy with them, and you will be transformed.
When Saul and his servant arrived at Gibeah, a group of prophets met him. Then the Spirit of God came powerfully on him, and he prophesied along with them.
Then a man who was from there asked, “And who is their father? ”
As a result, “Is Saul also among the prophets? ” became a popular saying.
Then he had the tribe of Benjamin come forward by its clans, and the Matrite clan was selected.[fn] Finally, Saul son of Kish was selected. But when they searched for him, they could not find him.
Samuel proclaimed to the people the rights of kingship. He wrote them on a scroll, which he placed in the presence of the LORD. Then Samuel sent all the people home.
Saul also went to his home in Gibeah, and brave men whose hearts God had touched went with him.
“Don't do anything to us for seven days,” the elders of Jabesh said to him, “and let us send messengers throughout the territory of Israel. If no one saves us, we will surrender to you.”
When the messengers came to Gibeah, Saul's hometown, and told the terms to the people, all wept aloud.
He took a team of oxen, cut them in pieces, and sent them throughout the territory of Israel by messengers who said, “This is what will be done to the ox of anyone who doesn't march behind Saul and Samuel.” As a result, the terror of the LORD fell on the people, and they went out united.
He told the messengers who had come, “Tell this to the men of Jabesh-gilead: ‘Deliverance will be yours tomorrow by the time the sun is hot.' ” So the messengers told the men of Jabesh, and they rejoiced.
The next day Saul organized the troops into three divisions. During the morning watch, they invaded the Ammonite camp and slaughtered them until the heat of the day. There were survivors, but they were so scattered that no two of them were left together.
Then Samuel said to the people, “Come, let's go to Gilgal, so we can renew the kingship there.”
So all the people went to Gilgal, and there in the LORD's presence they made Saul king. There they sacrificed fellowship offerings in the LORD's presence, and Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced greatly.
Then Samuel said to all Israel, “I have carefully listened to everything you said to me and placed a king over you.
“When Jacob went to Egypt,[fn] your ancestors cried out to the LORD, and he sent them Moses and Aaron, who led your ancestors out of Egypt and settled them in this place.
“But they forgot the LORD their God, so he handed them over to Sisera commander of the army of Hazor, to the Philistines, and to the king of Moab. These enemies fought against them.
“The LORD will not abandon his people, because of his great name and because he has determined to make you his own people.
He chose three thousand men from Israel for himself: two thousand were with Saul at Michmash and in Bethel's hill country, and one thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. He sent the rest of the troops away, each to his own tent.
Some Hebrews even crossed the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead.
Saul, however, was still at Gilgal, and all his troops were gripped with fear.
He waited seven days for the appointed time that Samuel had set, but Samuel didn't come to Gilgal, and the troops were deserting him.
Just as he finished offering the burnt offering, Samuel arrived. So Saul went out to greet him,
and Samuel asked, “What have you done? ”
Saul answered, “When I saw that the troops were deserting me and you didn't come within the appointed days and the Philistines were gathering at Michmash,
“I thought, ‘The Philistines will now descend on me at Gilgal, and I haven't sought the LORD's favor.' So I forced myself to offer the burnt offering.”
“but now your reign will not endure. The LORD has found a man after his own heart,[fn] and the LORD has appointed him as ruler over his people, because you have not done what the LORD commanded.”
Then Samuel went[fn] from Gilgal to Gibeah in Benjamin. Saul registered the troops who were with him, about six hundred men.
Saul, his son Jonathan, and the troops who were with them were staying in Geba of Benjamin, and the Philistines were camped at Michmash.
So all the Israelites went to the Philistines to sharpen their plows, mattocks, axes, and sickles.[fn]
The price was two-thirds of a shekel[fn] for plows and mattocks, and one-third of a shekel for pitchforks and axes, and for putting a point on a cattle prod.
That same day Saul's son Jonathan said to the attendant who carried his weapons, “Come on, let's cross over to the Philistine garrison on the other side.” However, he did not tell his father.
There were sharp columns[fn] of rock on both sides of the pass that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine garrison. One was named Bozez and the other Seneh;
Jonathan said to the attendant who carried his weapons, “Come on, let's cross over to the garrison of these uncircumcised men. Perhaps the LORD will help us. Nothing can keep the LORD from saving, whether by many or by few.”
“But if they say, ‘Come on up,' then we'll go up, because the LORD has handed them over to us — that will be our sign.”
They let themselves be seen by the Philistine garrison, and the Philistines said, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they've been hiding! ”
The men of the garrison called to Jonathan and his armor-bearer. “Come on up, and we'll teach you a lesson! ” they said.
“Follow me,” Jonathan told his armor-bearer, “for the LORD has handed them over to Israel.”
There were Hebrews from the area who had gone earlier into the camp to join the Philistines, but even they joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan.
When all the Israelite men who had been hiding in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they also joined Saul and Jonathan in the battle.
When the troops entered the forest, they saw the flow of honey, but none of them ate any of it[fn] because they feared the oath.
they rushed to the plunder, took sheep, goats, cattle, and calves, slaughtered them on the ground, and ate meat with the blood still in it.
So Saul inquired of God, “Should I go after the Philistines? Will you hand them over to Israel? ” But God did not answer him that day.
So he said to all Israel, “You will be on one side, and I and my son Jonathan will be on the other side.”
And the troops replied, “Do whatever you want.”
Then Saul gave up the pursuit of the Philistines, and the Philistines returned to their own territory.
When Saul assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies in every direction: against Moab, the Ammonites, Edom, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he caused havoc.[fn]
Samuel told Saul, “The LORD sent me to anoint you as king over his people Israel. Now, listen to the words of the LORD.
“I regret that I made Saul king, for he has turned away from following me and has not carried out my instructions.” So Samuel became angry and cried out to the LORD all night.
Early in the morning Samuel got up to confront Saul, but it was reported to Samuel, “Saul went to Carmel where he set up a monument for himself. Then he turned around and went down to Gilgal.”
Samuel continued, “Although you once considered yourself unimportant, haven't you become the leader of the tribes of Israel? The LORD anointed you king over Israel
“and then sent you on a mission and said, ‘Go and completely destroy the sinful Amalekites. Fight against them until you have annihilated them.'
“Furthermore, the Eternal One of Israel does not lie or change his mind, for he is not man who changes his mind.”
The LORD said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem because I have selected for myself a king from his sons.”
“Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will let you know what you are to do. You are to anoint for me the one I indicate to you.”
“In peace,” he replied. “I've come to sacrifice to the LORD. Consecrate yourselves and come with me to the sacrifice.”[fn] Then he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.
But the LORD said to Samuel, “Do not look at his appearance or his stature because I have rejected him. Humans do not see what the LORD sees,[fn] for humans see what is visible, but the LORD sees the heart.”
So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and the Spirit of the LORD came powerfully on David from that day forward. Then Samuel set out and went to Ramah.
The Philistines gathered their forces for war at Socoh in Judah and camped between Socoh and Azekah in Ephes-dammim.
Saul and the men of Israel gathered and camped in the Valley of Elah; then they lined up in battle formation to face the Philistines.
He stood and shouted to the Israelite battle formations, “Why do you come out to line up in battle formation? ” He asked them, “Am I not a Philistine and are you not servants of Saul? Choose one of your men and have him come down against me.
“If he wins in a fight against me and kills me, we will be your servants. But if I win against him and kill him, then you will be our servants and serve us.”
Instead, he took his staff in his hand and chose five smooth stones from the wadi and put them in the pouch, in his shepherd's bag. Then, with his sling in his hand, he approached the Philistine.
“Today, the LORD will hand you over to me. Today, I'll strike you down, remove your head, and give the corpses[fn] of the Philistine camp to the birds of the sky and the wild creatures of the earth. Then all the world will know that Israel has a God,
“and this whole assembly will know that it is not by sword or by spear that the LORD saves, for the battle is the LORD's. He will hand you over to us.”
When the Philistine started forward to attack him, David ran quickly to the battle line to meet the Philistine.
David put his hand in the bag, took out a stone, slung it, and hit the Philistine on his forehead. The stone sank into his forehead, and he fell facedown to the ground.
David took Goliath's[fn] head and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put Goliath's weapons in his own tent.
As the troops were coming back, when David was returning from killing the Philistine, the women came out from all the cities of Israel to meet King Saul, singing and dancing with tambourines, with shouts of joy, and with three-stringed instruments.
“I'll give her to him,” Saul thought. “She'll be a trap for him, and the hand of the Philistines will be against him.” So Saul said to David a second time, “You can now be my son-in-law.”
Saul's servants reported these words directly to David, but he replied, “Is it trivial in your sight to become the king's son-in-law? I am a poor commoner.”
Then Saul replied, “Say this to David: ‘The king desires no other bride-price except a hundred Philistine foreskins, to take revenge on his enemies.' ” Actually, Saul intended to cause David's death at the hands of the Philistines.
David and his men went out and killed two hundred[fn] Philistines. He brought their foreskins and presented them as full payment to the king to become his son-in-law. Then Saul gave his daughter Michal to David as his wife.
Jonathan spoke well of David to his father, Saul. He said to him, “The king should not sin against his servant David. He hasn't sinned against you; in fact, his actions have been a great advantage to you.
“He took his life in his hands when he struck down the Philistine, and the LORD brought about a great victory for all Israel. You saw it and rejoiced, so why would you sin against innocent blood by killing David for no reason? ”
and Saul tried to pin David to the wall with the spear. As the spear struck the wall, David eluded Saul, ran away, and escaped that night.
Saul sent agents to David's house to watch for him and kill him in the morning. But his wife Michal warned David, “If you don't escape tonight, you will be dead tomorrow! ”
So David fled and escaped and went to Samuel at Ramah and told him everything Saul had done to him. Then he and Samuel left and stayed at Naioth.
Then Saul himself went to Ramah. He came to the large cistern at Secu and asked, “Where are Samuel and David? ”
“At Naioth in Ramah,” someone said.
So he went to Naioth in Ramah. The Spirit of God also came on him, and as he walked along, he prophesied until he entered Naioth in Ramah.
“If your father misses me at all, say, ‘David urgently requested my permission to go quickly to his hometown, Bethlehem, for an annual sacrifice there involving the whole clan.'
“Deal kindly with[fn] your servant, for you have brought me into a covenant with you before the LORD. If I have done anything wrong, then kill me yourself; why take me to your father? ”
“No! ” Jonathan responded. “If I ever find out my father has evil intentions against you, wouldn't I tell you about it? ”
He answered David, “Come on, let's go out to the countryside.” So both of them went out to the countryside.
“By the LORD, the God of Israel, I will sound out my father by this time tomorrow or the next day. If I find out that he is favorable toward you, will I not send for you and tell you?
“If my father intends to bring evil on you, may the LORD punish Jonathan and do so severely if I do not tell you and send you away so you may leave safely. May the LORD be with you, just as he was with my father.
“The following day hurry down and go to the place where you hid on the day this incident began and stay beside the rock Ezel.
Then Saul became angry with Jonathan and shouted, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don't I know that you are siding with Jesse's son to your own shame and to the disgrace of your mother?[fn]
In the morning Jonathan went out to the countryside for the appointed meeting with David. A young servant was with him.
Then Jonathan gave his equipment to the servant who was with him and said, “Go, take it back to the city.”
Jonathan then said to David, “Go in the assurance the two of us pledged in the name of the LORD when we said, ‘The LORD will be a witness between you and me and between my offspring and your offspring forever.' ” Then David left, and Jonathan went into the city.
David went to the priest Ahimelech at Nob. Ahimelech was afraid to meet David, so he said to him, “Why are you alone and no one is with you? ”
“Now what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread or whatever can be found.”
David answered him, “I swear that women are being kept from us, as always when I go out to battle. The young men's bodies[fn] are consecrated even on an ordinary mission, so of course their bodies are consecrated today.”
“Do I have such a shortage of crazy people that you brought this one to act crazy around me? Is this one going to come into my house? ”
So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When David's brothers and his father's whole family heard, they went down and joined him there.
From there David went to Mizpeh of Moab where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I know what God will do for me.”
Then the prophet Gad said to David, “Don't stay in the stronghold. Leave and return to the land of Judah.” So David left and went to the forest of Hereth.
“That's why all of you have conspired against me! Nobody tells me when my own son makes a covenant with Jesse's son. None of you cares about me or tells me that my son has stirred up my own servant to wait in ambush for me, as is the case today.”
Then Doeg the Edomite, who was in charge of Saul's servants, answered, “I saw Jesse's son come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob.
Saul asked him, “Why did you and Jesse's son conspire against me? You gave him bread and a sword and inquired of God for him, so he could rise up against me and wait in ambush, as is the case today.”
Then the king ordered the guards standing by him, “Turn and kill the priests of the LORD because they sided with David. For they knew he was fleeing, but they didn't tell me.” But the king's servants would not lift a hand to execute the priests of the LORD.
So the king said to Doeg, “Go and execute the priests! ” So Doeg the Edomite went and executed the priests himself. On that day, he killed eighty-five men who wore linen ephods.
But David's men said to him, “Look, we're afraid here in Judah; how much more if we go to Keilah against the Philistine forces! ”
Once again, David inquired of the LORD, and the LORD answered him, “Go at once to Keilah, for I will hand the Philistines over to you.”
Then David and his men went to Keilah, fought against the Philistines, drove their livestock away, and inflicted heavy losses on them. So David rescued the inhabitants of Keilah.
When it was reported to Saul that David had gone to Keilah, he said, “God has handed him over to me, for he has trapped himself by entering a town with barred gates.”
Then Saul summoned all the troops to go to war at Keilah and besiege David and his men.
David then stayed in the wilderness strongholds and in the hill country of the Wilderness of Ziph. Saul searched for him every day, but God did not hand David over to him.
Then Saul's son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and encouraged him in his faith[fn] in God,
saying, “Don't be afraid, for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you. You yourself will be king over Israel, and I'll be your second-in-command. Even my father Saul knows it is true.”
Then the two of them made a covenant in the LORD's presence. Afterward, David remained in Horesh, while Jonathan went home.
“So now, whenever the king wants to come down, let him come down. As for us, we will be glad to hand him over to the king.”
and Saul and his men went to look for him. When David was told about it, he went down to the rock and stayed in the Wilderness of Maon. Saul heard of this and pursued David there.
So Saul broke off his pursuit of David and went to engage the Philistines. Therefore, that place was named the Rock of Separation.
When Saul came to the sheep pens along the road, a cave was there, and he went in to relieve himself.[fn] David and his men were staying in the recesses of the cave,
so they said to him, “Look, this is the day the LORD told you about: ‘I will hand your enemy over to you so you can do to him whatever you desire.' ” Then David got up and secretly cut off the corner of Saul's robe.
With these words David persuaded[fn] his men, and he did not let them rise up against Saul.
Then Saul left the cave and went on his way.
After that, David got up, went out of the cave, and called to Saul, “My lord the king! ” When Saul looked behind him, David knelt low with his face to the ground and paid homage.
“Look, my father! Look at the corner of your robe in my hand, for I cut it off, but I didn't kill you. Recognize[fn] that I've committed no crime or rebellion. I haven't sinned against you even though you are hunting me down to take my life.
“May the LORD be judge and decide between you and me. May he take notice and plead my case and deliver[fn] me from you.”
“You yourself have told me today what good you did for me: when the LORD handed me over to you, you didn't kill me.
So David swore to Saul. Then Saul went back home, and David and his men went up to the stronghold.
Samuel died, and all Israel assembled to mourn for him, and they buried him by his home in Ramah. David then went down to the Wilderness of Paran.[fn]
so David sent ten young men instructing them, “Go up to Carmel, and when you come to Nabal, greet him[fn] in my name.
“Then say this: ‘Long life to you,[fn] and peace to you, peace to your family, and peace to all that is yours.
David's young men retraced their steps. When they returned to him, they reported all these words.
“Now consider carefully[fn] what you should do, because there is certain to be trouble for our master and his entire family. He is such a worthless fool nobody can talk to him! ”
As she rode the donkey down a mountain pass hidden from view, she saw David and his men coming toward her and met them.
David had just said, “I guarded everything that belonged to this man in the wilderness for nothing. He was not missing anything, yet he paid me back evil for good.
She knelt at his feet and said, “The guilt is mine, my lord, but please let your servant speak to you directly. Listen to the words of your servant.
“Now my lord, as surely as the LORD lives and as you yourself live — it is the LORD who kept you from participating in bloodshed and avenging yourself by your own hand—may your enemies and those who intend to harm my lord be like Nabal.
“When the LORD does for my lord all the good he promised you and appoints you ruler over Israel,
Then David said to Abigail, “Blessed be the LORD God of Israel, who sent you to meet me today!
“May your discernment be blessed, and may you be blessed. Today you kept me from participating in bloodshed and avenging myself by my own hand.
“Otherwise, as surely as the LORD God of Israel lives, who prevented me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, Nabal wouldn't have had any males[fn] left by morning light.”
Then David accepted what she had brought him and said, “Go home in peace. See, I have heard what you said and have granted your request.”
When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, “Blessed be the LORD who championed my cause against Nabal's insults and restrained his servant from doing evil. The LORD brought Nabal's evil deeds back on his own head.”
Then David sent messengers to speak to Abigail about marrying him.
When David's servants came to Abigail at Carmel, they said to her, “David sent us to bring you to him as a wife.”
She stood up, paid homage with her face to the ground, and said, “Here I am, your servant, a slave to wash the feet of my lord's servants.”
Then Abigail got up quickly, and with her five female servants accompanying her, rode on the donkey following David's messengers. And so she became his wife.
Then the Ziphites came to Saul at Gibeah saying, “David is hiding on the hill of Hachilah opposite Jeshimon.”
So Saul, accompanied by three thousand of the fit young men of Israel, went immediately to the Wilderness of Ziph to search for David there.
Saul camped beside the road at the hill of Hachilah opposite Jeshimon. David was living in the wilderness and discovered Saul had come there after him.
Immediately, David went to the place where Saul had camped. He saw the place where Saul and Abner son of Ner, the commander of his army, were lying down. Saul was lying inside the inner circle of the camp with the troops camped around him.
Then David asked Ahimelech the Hethite and Joab's brother Abishai son of Zeruiah, “Who will go with me into the camp to Saul? ”
“I'll go with you,” answered Abishai.
That night, David and Abishai came to the troops, and Saul was lying there asleep in the inner circle of the camp with his spear stuck in the ground by his head. Abner and the troops were lying around him.
Then Abishai said to David, “Today God has delivered your enemy to you. Let me thrust the spear through him into the ground just once. I won't have to strike him twice! ”
David added, “As the LORD lives, the LORD will certainly strike him down: either his day will come and he will die, or he will go into battle and perish.
David crossed to the other side and stood on top of the mountain at a distance; there was a considerable space between them.
“The LORD will repay every man for his righteousness and his loyalty. I wasn't willing to lift my hand against the LORD's anointed, even though the LORD handed you over to me today.
Saul said to him, “You are blessed, my son David. You will certainly do great things and will also prevail.” Then David went on his way, and Saul returned home.
David said to himself, “One of these days I'll be swept away by Saul. There is nothing better for me than to escape immediately to the land of the Philistines. Then Saul will give up searching for me everywhere in Israel, and I'll escape from him.”
When it was reported to Saul that David had fled to Gath, he no longer searched for him.
David did not let a man or woman live to be brought to Gath, for he said, “Or they will inform on us and say, ‘This is what David did.' ” This was David's custom during the whole time he stayed in the Philistine territory.
So Achish trusted David, thinking, “Since he has made himself repulsive to his people Israel, he will be my servant forever.”
At that time, the Philistines gathered their military units into one army to fight against Israel. So Achish said to David, “You know, of course, that you and your men must march out in the army[fn] with me.”
The Philistines gathered and camped at Shunem. So Saul gathered all Israel, and they camped at Gilboa.
“The LORD will also hand Israel over to the Philistines along with you. Tomorrow you and your sons will be with me,[fn] and the LORD will hand Israel's army over to the Philistines.”
The Philistines brought all their military units together at Aphek while Israel was camped by the spring in Jezreel.
As the Philistine leaders were passing in review with their units of hundreds and thousands, David and his men were passing in review behind them with Achish.
The Philistine commanders, however, were enraged with Achish and told him, “Send that man back and let him return to the place you assigned him. He must not go down with us into battle only to become our adversary during the battle. What better way could he ingratiate himself with his master than with the heads of our men?
“Now go back quietly and you won't be doing anything the Philistine leaders think is wrong.”
Achish answered David, “I'm convinced that you are as reliable as an angel of God. But the Philistine commanders have said, ‘He must not go into battle with us.'
“So get up early in the morning, you and your masters' servants who came with you.[fn] When you've all gotten up early, go as soon as it's light.”
David and his men arrived in Ziklag on the third day. The Amalekites had raided the Negev and attacked and burned Ziklag.
They also had kidnapped the women and everyone[fn] in it from youngest to oldest. They had killed no one but had carried them off as they went on their way.
When David and his men arrived at the town, they found it burned. Their wives, sons, and daughters had been kidnapped.
David then asked him, “Will you lead me to these raiders? ”
He said, “Swear to me by God that you won't kill me or turn me over to my master, and I will lead you to them.”
When David came to the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to go with him and had been left at the Wadi Besor, they came out to meet him and to meet the troops with him. When David approached the men, he greeted them,
But David said, “My brothers, you must not do this with what the LORD has given us. He protected us and handed over to us the raiders who came against us.
“Who can agree to your proposal? The share of the one who goes into battle is to be the same as the share of the one who remains with the supplies. They will share equally.”
And it has been so from that day forward. David established this policy[fn] as a law and an ordinance for Israel and it still continues today.
When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, “Here is a gift for you from the plunder of the LORD's enemies.”
to those in Hebron, and to those in all the places where David and his men had roamed.
When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers found him and severely wounded him.[fn]
They cut off Saul's head, stripped off his armor, and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to spread the good news in the temples of their idols and among the people.
Then they put his armor in the temple of the Ashtoreths and hung his body on the wall of Beth-shan.
all their brave men set out, journeyed all night, and retrieved the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan. When they arrived at Jabesh, they burned the bodies there.
Some time later, David inquired of the LORD: “Should I go to one of the towns of Judah? ”
The LORD answered him, “Go.”
Then David asked, “Where should I go? ”
“To Hebron,” the LORD replied.
So David went there with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail, the widow of Nabal the Carmelite.
“Therefore, be strong[fn] and valiant, for though Saul your lord is dead, the house of Judah has anointed me king over them.”
Abner son of Ner and soldiers of Ish-bosheth son of Saul marched out from Mahanaim to Gibeon.
Then each man grabbed his opponent by the head and thrust his sword into his opponent's side so that they all died together. So this place, which is in Gibeon, is named Field of Blades.[fn]
Abner said to him, “Turn to your right or left, seize one of the young soldiers, and take whatever you can get from him.” But Asahel would not stop chasing him.
Once again, Abner warned Asahel, “Stop chasing me. Why should I strike you to the ground? How could I ever look your brother Joab in the face? ”
The Benjaminites rallied to Abner; they formed a unit and took their stand on top of a hill.
Then Abner called out to Joab, “Must the sword devour forever? Don't you realize this will only end in bitterness? How long before you tell the troops to stop pursuing their brothers? ”
So Abner and his men marched through the Arabah all that night. They crossed the Jordan, marched all morning,[fn] and arrived at Mahanaim.
Abner was very angry about Ish-bosheth's accusation. “Am I a dog's head[fn] who belongs to Judah? ” he asked. “All this time I've been loyal to the family of your father Saul, to his brothers, and to his friends and haven't betrayed you to David, but now you accuse me of wrongdoing with this woman!
Abner sent messengers as his representatives to say to David, “Whose land is it? Make your covenant with me, and you can be certain I am on your side to turn all Israel over to you.”
Abner also informed the Benjaminites and went to Hebron to inform David about all that was agreed on by Israel and the whole house of Benjamin.
When Abner and twenty men came to David at Hebron, David held a banquet for him and his men.
Just then David's soldiers and Joab returned from a raid and brought a large amount of plundered goods with them. Abner was not with David in Hebron because David had dismissed him, and he had gone in peace.
When Abner returned to Hebron, Joab pulled him aside to the middle of the city gate, as if to speak to him privately, and there Joab stabbed him in the stomach. So Abner died in revenge for the death of Asahel,[fn] Joab's brother.
When they buried Abner in Hebron, the king wept aloud at Abner's tomb. All the people wept,
Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, set out and arrived at Ish-bosheth's house during the heat of the day while the king was taking his midday nap.
They had entered the house while Ish-bosheth was lying on his bed in his bedroom and stabbed and killed him. They removed his head, took it, and traveled by way of the Arabah all night.
They brought Ish-bosheth's head to David at Hebron and said to the king, “Here's the head of Ish-bosheth son of Saul, your enemy who intended to take your life. Today the LORD has granted vengeance to my lord the king against Saul and his offspring.”
All the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood.[fn]
“Even while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led us out to battle and brought us back. The LORD also said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will be ruler over Israel.' ”
So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron. King David made a covenant with them at Hebron in the LORD's presence, and they anointed David king over Israel.
The king and his men marched to Jerusalem against the Jebusites who inhabited the land. The Jebusites had said to David, “You will never get in here. Even the blind and lame can repel you” thinking, “David can't get in here.”
Then David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel and had exalted his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, they all went in search of David, but he heard about it and went down to the stronghold.
Then David inquired of the LORD: “Should I attack the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me? ”
The LORD replied to David, “Attack, for I will certainly hand the Philistines over to you.”
So David inquired of the LORD, and he answered, “Do not attack directly, but circle around behind them and come at them opposite the balsam trees.
So he was not willing to bring the ark of the LORD to the city of David; instead, he diverted it to the house of Obed-edom of Gath.
The ark of the LORD remained in his house three months, and the LORD blessed Obed-edom and his whole family.
It was reported to King David, “The LORD has blessed Obed-edom's family and all that belongs to him because of the ark of God.” So David went and had the ark of God brought up from Obed-edom's house to the city of David with rejoicing.
They brought the ark of the LORD and set it in its place inside the tent David had pitched for it. Then David offered burnt offerings and fellowship offerings in the LORD's presence.
Then he distributed a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake to each one in the entire Israelite community, both men and women. Then all the people went home.
When David returned home to bless his household, Saul's daughter Michal came out to meet him. “How the king of Israel honored himself today! ” she said. “He exposed himself today in the sight of the slave girls of his subjects like a vulgar person would expose himself.”
David replied to Michal, “It was before the LORD who chose me over your father and his whole family to appoint me ruler over the LORD's people Israel. I will dance before the LORD,
“So now this is what you are to say to my servant David: ‘This is what the LORD of Armies says: I took you from the pasture, from tending the flock, to be ruler over my people Israel.
“He is the one who will build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.
“I will be his father, and he will be my son. When he does wrong, I will discipline him with a rod of men and blows from mortals.
“Your house and kingdom will endure before me[fn] forever, and your throne will be established forever.' ”
You established your people Israel to be your own people forever, and you, LORD, have become their God.
Now, please bless your servant's house so that it will continue before you forever. For you, Lord GOD, have spoken, and with your blessing your servant's house will be blessed forever.
He also defeated the Moabites, and after making them lie down on the ground, he measured them off with a cord. He measured every two cord lengths of those to be put to death and one full length of those to be kept alive. So the Moabites became David's subjects and brought tribute.
Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became David's subjects and brought tribute. The LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
he sent his son Joram to King David to greet him and to congratulate him because David had fought against Hadadezer and defeated him, for Toi and Hadadezer had fought many wars. Joram had items of silver, gold, and bronze with him.
Then David said, “I'll show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, just as his father showed kindness to me.”
So David sent his emissaries to console Hanun concerning his father. However, when they arrived in the land of the Ammonites,
When this was reported to David, he sent someone to meet them, since they were deeply humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow back; then return.”
“If the Arameans are too strong for me,” Joab said, “then you will be my help. However, if the Ammonites are too strong for you, I'll come to help you.
Joab and his troops advanced to fight against the Arameans, and they fled before him.
When the Ammonites saw that the Arameans had fled, they too fled before Abishai and entered the city. So Joab withdrew from the attack against the Ammonites and went to Jerusalem.
When this was reported to David, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan, and went to Helam. Then the Arameans lined up to engage David in battle and fought against him.
In the spring when kings march out to war, David sent Joab with his officers and all Israel. They destroyed the Ammonites and besieged Rabbah, but David remained in Jerusalem.
David sent messengers to get her, and when she came to him, he slept with her. Now she had just been purifying herself from her uncleanness. Afterward, she returned home.
When Uriah came to him, David asked how Joab and the troops were doing and how the war was going.
Then he said to Uriah, “Go down to your house and wash your feet.” So Uriah left the palace, and a gift from the king followed him.
But Uriah slept at the door of the palace with all his master's servants; he did not go down to his house.
When it was reported to David, “Uriah didn't go home,” David questioned Uriah, “Haven't you just come from a journey? Why didn't you go home? ”
Uriah answered David, “The ark, Israel, and Judah are dwelling in tents, and my master Joab and his soldiers[fn] are camping in the open field. How can I enter my house to eat and drink and sleep with my wife? As surely as you live and by your life, I will not do this! ”
Then David invited Uriah to eat and drink with him, and David got him drunk. He went out in the evening to lie down on his cot with his master's servants, but he did not go home.
When Joab was besieging the city, he put Uriah in the place where he knew the best enemy soldiers were.
Then the messenger left.
When he arrived, he reported to David all that Joab had sent him to tell.
The messenger reported to David, “The men gained the advantage over us and came out against us in the field, but we counterattacked right up to the entrance of the city gate.
When the time of mourning ended, David had her brought to his house. She became his wife and bore him a son. However, the LORD considered what David had done to be evil.
Nathan replied to David, “You are the man! This is what the LORD God of Israel says: ‘I anointed you king over Israel, and I rescued you from Saul.
“Why then have you despised the LORD's command by doing what I consider[fn] evil? You struck down Uriah the Hethite with the sword and took his wife as your own wife — you murdered him with the Ammonite's sword.
“Now therefore, the sword will never leave your house because you despised me and took the wife of Uriah the Hethite to be your own wife.'
Then Nathan went home.
The LORD struck the baby that Uriah's wife had borne to David, and he became deathly ill.
Then David got up from the ground. He washed, anointed himself, changed his clothes, went to the LORD's house, and worshiped. Then he went home and requested something to eat. So they served him food, and he ate.
So David assembled all the troops and went to Rabbah; he fought against it and captured it.
He removed the people who were in the city and put them to work with saws, iron picks, and iron axes, and to labor at brickmaking. He did the same to all the Ammonite cities. Then he and all his troops returned to Jerusalem.
David sent word to Tamar at the palace: “Please go to your brother Amnon's house and prepare a meal for him.”
Then Tamar went to his house while Amnon was lying down. She took dough, kneaded it, made cakes in his presence, and baked them.
“Bring the meal to the bedroom,” Amnon told Tamar, “so I can eat from your hand.” Tamar took the cakes she had made and went to her brother Amnon's bedroom.
Her brother Absalom said to her, “Has your brother Amnon been with you? Be quiet for now, my sister. He is your brother. Don't take this thing to heart.” So Tamar lived as a desolate woman in the house of her brother Absalom.
Two years later, Absalom's sheepshearers were at Baal-hazor near Ephraim, and Absalom invited all the king's sons.
Now Absalom commanded his young men, “Watch Amnon until he is in a good mood from the wine. When I order you to strike Amnon, then kill him. Don't be afraid. Am I not the one who has commanded you? Be strong and valiant! ”
But Absalom fled and went to Talmai son of Ammihud, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son[fn] every day.
So Joab sent someone to Tekoa to bring a wise woman from there. He told her, “Pretend to be in mourning: dress in mourning clothes and don't put on any oil. Act like a woman who has been mourning for the dead for a long time.
When the woman from Tekoa came[fn] to the king, she fell facedown to the ground, paid homage, and said, “Help me, Your Majesty! ”
“Your servant thought: May the word of my lord the king bring relief, for my lord the king is able to discern the good and the bad like the angel of God. May the LORD your God be with you.”
However, the king added, “He may return to his house, but he may not see my face.” So Absalom returned to his house, but he did not see the king.[fn]
When he shaved his head — he shaved it at the end of every year because his hair got so heavy for him that he had to shave it off — he would weigh the hair from his head and it would be five pounds[fn] according to the royal standard.
Then Joab came to Absalom's house and demanded, “Why did your servants set my field on fire? ”
He would get up early and stand beside the road leading to the city gate. Whenever anyone had a grievance to bring before the king for settlement, Absalom called out to him and asked, “What city are you from? ” If he replied, “Your servant is from one of the tribes of Israel,”
Absalom did this to all the Israelites who came to the king for a settlement. So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.
“For your servant made a vow when I lived in Geshur of Aram, saying, ‘If the LORD really brings me back to Jerusalem, I will worship the LORD in Hebron.' ”[fn]
But in response, Ittai vowed to the king, “As the LORD lives and as my lord the king lives, wherever my lord the king is, whether it means life or death, your servant will be there! ”
Then the king instructed Zadok, “Return the ark of God to the city. If I find favor with the LORD, he will bring me back and allow me to see both it and its[fn] dwelling place.
The king also said to the priest Zadok, “Look,[fn] return to the city in peace and your two sons with you: your son Ahimaaz and Abiathar's son Jonathan.
When David came to the summit where he used to worship God, Hushai the Archite was there to meet him with his robe torn and dust on his head.
“but if you return to the city and tell Absalom, ‘I will be your servant, Your Majesty! Previously, I was your father's servant, but now I will be your servant,' then you can counteract Ahithophel's counsel for me.
So Hushai, David's personal adviser, entered Jerusalem just as Absalom was entering the city.
When David had gone a little beyond the summit,[fn] Ziba, Mephibosheth's servant, was right there to meet him. He had a pair of saddled donkeys loaded with two hundred loaves of bread, one hundred clusters of raisins, one hundred bunches of summer fruit, and a clay jar of wine.
The king said to Ziba, “Why do you have these? ”
Ziba answered, “The donkeys are for the king's household to ride, the bread and summer fruit are for the young men to eat, and the wine is for those to drink who become exhausted in the wilderness.”
“Instead, I advise that all Israel from Dan to Beer-sheba — as numerous as the sand by the sea — be gathered to you and that you personally go into battle.
“Then we will attack David wherever we find him, and we will descend on him like dew on the ground. Not even one will be left — neither he nor any of the men with him.
“If he retreats to some city, all Israel will bring ropes to that city, and we will drag its stones[fn] into the valley until not even a pebble can be found there.”
Jonathan and Ahimaaz were staying at En-rogel, where a servant girl would come and pass along information to them. They in turn would go and inform King David, because they dared not be seen entering the city.
However, a young man did see them and informed Absalom. So the two left quickly and came to the house of a man in Bahurim. He had a well in his courtyard, and they climbed down into it.
Absalom's servants came to the woman at the house and asked, “Where are Ahimaaz and Jonathan? ”
“They passed by toward the water,”[fn] the woman replied to them. The men searched but did not find them, so they returned to Jerusalem.
When Ahithophel realized that his advice had not been followed, he saddled his donkey and set out for his house in his hometown. He set his house in order and hanged himself. So he died and was buried in his father's tomb.
David had arrived at Mahanaim by the time Absalom crossed the Jordan with all the men of Israel.
When David came to Mahanaim, Shobi son of Nahash from Rabbah of the Ammonites, Machir son of Ammiel from Lo-debar, and Barzillai the Gileadite from Rogelim
“I will do whatever you think is best,” the king replied to them. So he stood beside the city gate while all the troops marched out by hundreds and thousands.
Then David's forces marched into the field to engage Israel in battle, which took place in the forest of Ephraim.
They took Absalom, threw him into a large pit in the forest, and raised up a huge mound of stones over him. And all Israel fled, each to his tent.
However, Ahimaaz son of Zadok persisted and said to Joab, “No matter what, please let me also run behind the Cushite! ”
Joab replied, “My son, why do you want to run since you won't get a reward? ”[fn]
David was sitting between the city gates when the watchman went up to the roof of the city gate and over to the wall. The watchman looked out and saw a man running alone.
The watchman said, “The way the first man runs looks to me like the way Ahimaaz son of Zadok runs.”
“This is a good man; he comes with good news,” the king commented.
The king asked the Cushite, “Is the young man Absalom all right? ”
The Cushite replied, “I wish that the enemies of my lord the king, along with all who rise up against you with evil intent, would become like that young man.”
The king was deeply moved and went up to the chamber above the city gate and wept. As he walked, he cried, “My son Absalom! My son, my son Absalom! If only I had died instead of you, Absalom, my son, my son! ”
That day's victory was turned into mourning for all the troops because on that day the troops heard, “The king is grieving over his son.”
So they returned to the city quietly that day like troops come in when they are humiliated after fleeing in battle.
Then Joab went into the house to the king and said, “Today you have shamed all your soldiers — those who saved your life as well as your sons, your wives, and your concubines —
“Now get up! Go out and encourage[fn] your soldiers, for I swear by the LORD that if you don't go out, not a man will remain with you tonight. This will be worse for you than all the trouble that has come to you from your youth until now! ”
So the king got up and sat in the city gate, and all the people were told, “Look, the king is sitting in the city gate.” Then they all came into the king's presence.
Meanwhile, each Israelite had fled to his tent.
King David sent word to the priests Zadok and Abiathar: “Say to the elders of Judah, ‘Why should you be the last to restore the king to his palace? The talk of all Israel has reached the king at his house.
“You are my brothers, my flesh and blood.[fn] So why should you be the last to restore the king? '
Then the king returned. When he arrived at the Jordan, Judah came to Gilgal to meet the king and escort him across the Jordan.
Shimei son of Gera, the Benjaminite from Bahurim, hurried down with the men of Judah to meet King David.
and said to him, “My lord, don't hold me guilty, and don't remember your servant's wrongdoing on the day my lord the king left Jerusalem. May the king not take it to heart.
“For your servant knows that I have sinned. But look! Today I am the first one of the entire house of Joseph to come down to meet my lord the king.”
David answered, “Sons of Zeruiah, do we agree on anything? Have you become my adversary today? Should any man be killed in Israel today? Am I not aware that today I'm king over Israel? ”
Mephibosheth, Saul's grandson, also went down to meet the king. He had not taken care of his feet, trimmed his mustache, or washed his clothes from the day the king left until the day he returned safely.
When he came from Jerusalem to meet the king, the king asked him, “Mephibosheth, why didn't you come with me? ”
Mephibosheth said to the king, “Instead, since my lord the king has come to his palace safely, let Ziba take it all! ”
Barzillai replied to the king, “How many years of my life are left that I should go up to Jerusalem with the king?
“I'm now eighty years old. Can I discern what is pleasant and what is not? Can your servant taste what he eats or drinks? Can I still hear the voice of male and female singers? Why should your servant be an added burden to my lord the king?
So all the people crossed the Jordan, and then the king crossed. The king kissed Barzillai and blessed him, and Barzillai returned to his home.
The king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went with him. All the troops of Judah and half of Israel's escorted the king.
Now a wicked man, a Benjaminite named Sheba son of Bichri, happened to be there. He blew the ram's horn and shouted:
We have no portion in David,
no inheritance in Jesse's son.
Each man to his tent,[fn] Israel!
When David came to his palace in Jerusalem, he took the ten concubines he had left to take care of the palace and placed them under guard. He provided for them, but he was not intimate with them. They were confined until the day of their death, living as widows.
Amasa was not on guard against the sword in Joab's hand, and Joab stabbed him in the stomach with it and spilled his intestines out on the ground. Joab did not stab him again, and Amasa died.
Joab and his brother Abishai pursued Sheba son of Bichri.
Now Amasa had been writhing in his blood in the middle of the highway, and the man had seen that all the troops stopped. So he moved Amasa from the highway to the field and threw a garment over him because he realized that all those who encountered Amasa were stopping.
Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel of Beth-maacah. All the Berites[fn] came together and followed him.
The woman went to all the people with her wise counsel, and they cut off the head of Sheba son of Bichri and threw it to Joab. So he blew the ram's horn, and they dispersed from the city, each to his own tent. Joab returned to the king in Jerusalem.
But Abishai son of Zeruiah came to his aid, struck the Philistine, and killed him. Then David's men swore to him, “You must never again go out with us to battle. You must not extinguish the lamp of Israel.”
You have freed me from the feuds among my people;
you have preserved me as head of nations;
a people I had not known serve me.
After him, Eleazar son of Dodo son of an Ahohite was among the three warriors with David when they defied the Philistines. The men of Israel retreated in the place they had gathered for battle,
After him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. The Philistines had assembled in formation where there was a field full of lentils. The troops fled from the Philistines,
Three of the thirty leading warriors went down at harvest time and came to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was camping in Rephaim Valley.
Was he not more honored than the Three? He became their commander even though he did not become one of the Three.
He was the most honored of the Thirty, but he did not become one of the Three. David put him in charge of his bodyguard.
Yet the king's order prevailed over Joab and the commanders of the army. So Joab and the commanders of the army left the king's presence to register the troops of Israel.
They went to Gilead and to the land of the Hittites[fn] and continued on to Dan-jaan and around to Sidon.
They went to the fortress of Tyre and all the cities of the Hivites and Canaanites. Afterward, they went to the Negev of Judah at Beer-sheba.
When they had gone through the whole land, they returned to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days.
David answered Gad, “I have great anxiety. Please, let us fall into the LORD's hands because his mercies are great, but don't let me fall into human hands.”
Then the angel extended his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it, but the LORD relented concerning the destruction and said to the angel who was destroying the people, “Enough, withdraw your hand now! ” The angel of the LORD was then at the threshing floor of Araunah[fn] the Jebusite.
Araunah said to David, “My lord the king may take whatever he wants[fn] and offer it. Here are the oxen for a burnt offering and the threshing sledges and ox yokes for the wood.
So Bathsheba went to the king in his bedroom. Since the king was very old, Abishag the Shunammite was attending to him.
“He has lavishly sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep. He invited all the king's sons, the priest Abiathar, and Joab the commander of the army, but he did not invite your servant Solomon.
“For today he went down and lavishly sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep. He invited all the sons of the king, the commanders of the army, and the priest Abiathar. And look! They're eating and drinking in his presence, and they're saying, ‘Long live King Adonijah! '
Bathsheba knelt low with her face to the ground, paying homage to the king, and said, “May my lord King David live forever! ”
The king said to them, “Take my servants with you, have my son Solomon ride on my own mule, and take him down to Gihon.
“There, the priest Zadok and the prophet Nathan are to anoint him as king over Israel. You are to blow the ram's horn and say, ‘Long live King Solomon! '
“You are to come up after him, and he is to come in and sit on my throne. He is the one who is to become king in my place; he is the one I have commanded to be ruler over Israel and Judah.”
Then the priest Zadok, the prophet Nathan, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Cherethites, and the Pelethites went down, had Solomon ride on King David's mule, and took him to Gihon.
“The priest Zadok and the prophet Nathan have anointed him king in Gihon. They have gone up from there rejoicing. The town has been in an uproar; that's the noise you heard.
Then Solomon said, “If he is a man of character, not a single hair of his will fall to the ground, but if evil is found in him, he dies.”
So King Solomon sent for him, and they took him down from the altar. He came and paid homage to King Solomon, and Solomon said to him, “Go to your home.”
“Act according to your wisdom, and do not let his gray head descend to Sheol in peace.
“Keep an eye on Shimei son of Gera, the Benjaminite from Bahurim who is with you. He uttered malicious curses against me the day I went to Mahanaim. But he came down to meet me at the Jordan River, and I swore to him by the LORD, ‘I will never kill you with the sword.'
“So don't let him go unpunished, for you are a wise man. You know how to deal with him to bring his gray head down to Sheol with blood.”
“You know the kingship was mine,” he said. “All Israel expected me to be king, but then the kingship was turned over to my brother, for the LORD gave it to him.
He replied, “Please speak to King Solomon since he won't turn you down. Let him give me Abishag the Shunammite as a wife.”
So Bathsheba went to King Solomon to speak to him about Adonijah. The king stood up to greet her, bowed to her, sat down on his throne, and had a throne placed for the king's mother. So she sat down at his right hand.
So she said, “Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to your brother Adonijah as a wife.”
The king said to the priest Abiathar, “Go to your fields in Anathoth. Even though you deserve to die, I will not put you to death today, since you carried the ark of the Lord GOD in the presence of my father David and you suffered through all that my father suffered.”
The news reached Joab. Since he had supported Adonijah but not Absalom, Joab fled to the LORD's tabernacle and took hold of the horns of the altar.
It was reported to King Solomon, “Joab has fled to the LORD's tabernacle and is now beside the altar.”
Then Solomon sent[fn] Benaiah son of Jehoiada and told him, “Go and strike him down! ”
So Benaiah went to the tabernacle and said to Joab, “This is what the king says: ‘Come out! ' ”
But Joab said, “No, for I will die here.”
So Benaiah took a message back to the king, “This is what Joab said, and this is how he answered me.”
“The LORD will bring back his own blood on his head because he struck down two men more righteous and better than he, without my father David's knowledge. With his sword, Joab murdered Abner son of Ner, commander of Israel's army, and Amasa son of Jether, commander of Judah's army.
“The responsibility for their deaths will come back to Joab and to his descendants[fn] forever, but for David, his descendants, his dynasty, and his throne, there will be peace from the LORD forever.”
Then the king appointed Benaiah son of Jehoiada in Joab's place over the army, and he appointed the priest Zadok in Abiathar's place.
So Shimei saddled his donkey and set out to Achish at Gath to search for his slaves. He went and brought them back from Gath.
It was reported to Solomon that Shimei had gone from Jerusalem to Gath and had returned.
So the king summoned Shimei and said to him, “Didn't I make you swear by the LORD and warn you, saying, ‘On the day you leave and go anywhere else, know for sure that you will certainly die'? And you said to me, ‘The sentence is fair; I will obey.'
The king also said, “You yourself know all the evil that you did to my father David. Therefore, the LORD has brought back your evil on your head,
“but King Solomon will be blessed, and David's throne will remain established before the LORD forever.”
The king went to Gibeon to sacrifice there because it was the most famous high place. He offered a thousand burnt offerings on that altar.
Then Solomon woke up and realized it had been a dream. He went to Jerusalem, stood before the ark of the Lord's covenant, and offered burnt offerings and fellowship offerings. Then he held a feast for all his servants.
And the king said, “Cut the living boy in two and give half to one and half to the other.”
Each of those deputies for a month in turn provided food for King Solomon and for everyone who came to King Solomon's table. They neglected nothing.
Emissaries of all peoples, sent by every king on earth who had heard of his wisdom, came to listen to Solomon's wisdom.
“My servants will bring the logs down from Lebanon to the sea, and I will make them into rafts to go by sea to the place you indicate. I will break them apart there, and you can take them away. You then can meet my needs by providing my household with food.”
He sent ten thousand to Lebanon each month in shifts; one month they were in Lebanon, two months they were at home. Adoniram was in charge of the forced labor.
Solomon began to build the temple for the LORD in the four hundred eightieth year after the Israelites came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of his reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month.[fn]
The portico in front of the temple sanctuary was thirty feet long extending across the temple's width, and fifteen feet deep[fn] in front of the temple.
Then he lined thirty feet of the rear of the temple with cedar boards from the floor to the surface of the ceiling,[fn] and he built the interior as an inner sanctuary, the most holy place.
One wing of the first cherub was 7½ feet long, and the other wing was 7½ feet long. The wingspan was 15 feet from tip to tip.
All of these buildings were of costly stones, cut to size and sawed with saws on the inner and outer surfaces, from foundation to coping and from the outside to the great courtyard.
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The basin was on top of them and all their hindquarters were toward the center.
So all the work King Solomon did in the LORD's temple was completed. Then Solomon brought in the consecrated things of his father David — the silver, the gold, and the utensils — and put them in the treasuries of the LORD's temple.
The priests brought the ark of the LORD's covenant to its place, into the inner sanctuary of the temple, to the most holy place beneath the wings of the cherubim.
The poles were so long that their ends were seen from the holy place in front of the inner sanctuary, but they were not seen from outside the sanctuary; they are still there today.
Then Solomon stood before the altar of the LORD in front of the entire congregation of Israel and spread out his hands toward heaven.
so that your eyes may watch over this temple night and day,
toward the place where you said,
“My name will be there,”
and so that you may hear the prayer
that your servant prays toward this place.
Hear the petition of your servant
and your people Israel,
which they pray toward this place.
May you hear in your dwelling place in heaven.
May you hear and forgive.
may you hear in heaven and act.
May you judge your servants,
condemning the wicked man by bringing
what he has done on his own head
and providing justice for the righteous
by rewarding him according to his righteousness.
may you hear in heaven
and forgive the sin of your people Israel.
May you restore them to the land
you gave their ancestors.
When the skies are shut and there is no rain,
because they have sinned against you,
and they pray toward this place
and praise your name,
and they turn from their sins
because you are afflicting them,
every prayer or petition
that any person or that all your people Israel may have —
they each know their own affliction[fn] —
as they spread out their hands toward this temple,
for they will hear of your great name,
strong hand, and outstretched arm,
and will come and pray toward this temple —
When your people go out to fight against their enemies,[fn]
wherever you send them,
and they pray to the LORD
in the direction of the city you have chosen
and the temple I have built for your name,
When they sin against you —
for there is no one who does not sin —
and you are angry with them
and hand them over to the enemy,
and their captors deport them to the enemy's country —
whether distant or nearby —
May you forgive your people
who sinned against you
and all their rebellions[fn] against you,
and may you grant them compassion
before their captors,
so that they may treat them compassionately.
May your eyes be open to your servant's petition
and to the petition of your people Israel,
listening to them whenever they call to you.
For you, Lord GOD, have set them apart as your inheritance
from all peoples of the earth,
as you spoke through your servant Moses
when you brought our ancestors out of Egypt.
When Solomon finished praying this entire prayer and petition to the LORD, he got up from kneeling before the altar of the LORD, with his hands spread out toward heaven,
The LORD said to him:
I have heard your prayer and petition you have made before me. I have consecrated this temple you have built, to put[fn] my name there forever; my eyes and my heart will be there at all times.
I will establish your royal throne over Israel forever, as I promised your father David: You will never fail to have a man on the throne of Israel.
I will cut off Israel from the land I gave them, and I will reject[fn] the temple I have sanctified for my name. Israel will become an object of scorn and ridicule among all the peoples.
So Hiram went out from Tyre to look over the towns that Solomon had given him, but he was not pleased with them.
As for all the peoples who remained of the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who were not Israelites —
But Solomon did not consign the Israelites to slavery; they were soldiers, his servants, his commanders, his captains, and commanders of his chariots and his cavalry.
Pharaoh's daughter moved from the city of David to the house that Solomon had built for her; he then built the terraces.
They went to Ophir and acquired gold there — sixteen tons[fn] — and delivered it to Solomon.
She came to Jerusalem with a very large entourage, with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. She came to Solomon and spoke to him about everything that was on her mind.
“Blessed be the LORD your God! He delighted in you and put you on the throne of Israel, because of the LORD's eternal love for Israel. He has made you king to carry out justice and righteousness.”
Then she gave the king four and a half tons[fn] of gold, a great quantity of spices, and precious stones. Never again did such a quantity of spices arrive as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.
King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba her every desire — whatever she asked — besides what he had given her out of his royal bounty. Then she, along with her servants, returned to her own country.
He made three hundred small shields of hammered gold; nearly four pounds[fn] of gold went into each shield. The king put them in the House of the Forest of Lebanon.
Solomon accumulated 1,400 chariots and 12,000 horsemen and stationed them in the chariot cities and with the king in Jerusalem.
The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and he made cedar as abundant as sycamore in the Judean foothills.
from the nations about which the LORD had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, and they must not intermarry with you, because they will turn your heart away to follow their gods.” To these women Solomon was deeply attached[fn] in love.
Hadad fled to Egypt, along with some Edomites from his father's servants. At the time Hadad was a small boy.
Hadad and his men set out from Midian and went to Paran. They took men with them from Paran and went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house, ordered that he be given food, and gave him land.
When Hadad heard in Egypt that David rested with his ancestors and that Joab, the commander of the army, was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, “Let me leave, so I may go to my own country.”
But Pharaoh asked him, “What do you lack here with me for you to want to go back to your own country? ”
“Nothing,” he replied, “but please let me leave.”
Therefore, Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam, but he fled to Egypt, to King Shishak of Egypt, where he remained until Solomon's death.
Solomon rested with his ancestors and was buried in the city of his father David. His son Rehoboam became king in his place.
When all Israel saw that the king had not listened to them, the people answered him:
What portion do we have in David?
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse.
Israel, return to your tents;
David, now look after your own house!
So Israel went to their tents,
Then King Rehoboam sent Adoram,[fn] who was in charge of forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. King Rehoboam managed to get into the chariot and flee to Jerusalem.
When all Israel heard that Jeroboam had come back, they summoned him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. No one followed the house of David except the tribe of Judah alone.
When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mobilized one hundred eighty thousand fit young soldiers from the entire house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin to fight against the house of Israel to restore the kingdom to Rehoboam son of Solomon.
“‘This is what the LORD says: You are not to march up and fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Each of you return home, for this situation is from me.' ”
So they listened to the word of the LORD and went back according to the word of the LORD.
“If these people regularly go to offer sacrifices in the LORD's temple in Jerusalem, the heart of these people will return to their lord, King Rehoboam of Judah. They will kill me and go back to the king of Judah.”
So the king sought advice.
Then he made two golden calves, and he said to the people, “Going to Jerusalem is too difficult for you. Israel, here are your gods[fn] who brought you up from the land of Egypt.”
This led to sin; the people walked in procession before one of the calves all the way to Dan.[fn]
A man of God came, however, from Judah to Bethel by the word of the LORD while Jeroboam was standing beside the altar to burn incense.
Then the king declared to the man of God, “Come home with me, refresh yourself, and I'll give you a reward.”
He said to him, “I am also a prophet like you. An angel spoke to me by the word of the LORD: ‘Bring him back with you to your house so that he may eat food and drink water.' ” The old prophet deceived him,
“but you went back and ate food and drank water in the place that he said to you, “Do not eat food and do not drink water” — your corpse will never reach the grave of your ancestors.' ”
So the prophet lifted the corpse of the man of God and laid it on the donkey and brought it back. The old prophet came into the city to mourn and to bury him.
Even after this, Jeroboam did not repent of his evil way but again made priests for the high places from the ranks of the people. He ordained whoever so desired it, and they became priests of the high places.
This was the sin that caused the house of Jeroboam to be cut off and obliterated from the face of the earth.
He seized the treasuries of the LORD's temple and the treasuries of the royal palace. He took everything. He took all the gold shields that Solomon had made.
Whenever the king entered the LORD's temple, the guards would carry the shields, then they would take them back to the armory.[fn]
He brought his father's consecrated gifts and his own consecrated gifts into the LORD's temple: silver, gold, and utensils.
So Asa withdrew all the silver and gold that remained in the treasuries of the LORD's temple and the treasuries of the royal palace and gave it to his servants. Then King Asa sent them to Ben-hadad son of Tabrimmon son of Hezion king of Aram who lived in Damascus, saying,
Then King Asa gave a command to everyone without exception in Judah, and they carried away the stones of Ramah and the timbers Baasha had built it with. Then King Asa built Geba of Benjamin and Mizpah with them.
When Zimri saw that the city was captured, he entered the citadel of the royal palace and burned it down over himself. He died
Omri rested with his ancestors and was buried in Samaria. His son Ahab became king in his place.
“Get up, go to Zarephath that belongs to Sidon and stay there. Look, I have commanded a woman who is a widow to provide for you there.”
So Elijah got up and went to Zarephath. When he arrived at the city gate, there was a widow gathering wood. Elijah called to her and said, “Please bring me a little water in a cup and let me drink.”
But Elijah said to her, “Give me your son.” So he took him from her arms, brought him up to the upstairs room where he was staying, and laid him on his own bed.
Then he stretched himself out over the boy three times. He cried out to the LORD and said, “LORD my God, please let this boy's life come into him again! ”
Then Elijah took the boy, brought him down from the upstairs room into the house, and gave him to his mother. Elijah said, “Look, your son is alive.”
While Obadiah was walking along the road, Elijah suddenly met him. When Obadiah recognized him, he fell facedown and said, “Is it you, my lord Elijah? ”
But Obadiah said, “What sin have I committed, that you are handing your servant over to Ahab to put me to death?
But when I leave you, the Spirit of the LORD may carry you off to some place I don't know. Then when I go report to Ahab and he doesn't find you, he will kill me. But I, your servant, have feared the LORD from my youth.
“Now summon all Israel to meet me at Mount Carmel, along with the 450 prophets of Baal and the 400 prophets of Asherah who eat at Jezebel's table.”
At the time for offering the evening sacrifice, the prophet Elijah approached the altar and said, “LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, today let it be known that you are God in Israel and I am your servant, and that at your word I have done all these things.
Then Elijah ordered them, “Seize the prophets of Baal! Do not let even one of them escape.” So they seized them, and Elijah brought them down to the Wadi Kishon and slaughtered them there.
In a little while, the sky grew dark with clouds and wind, and there was a downpour. So Ahab got in his chariot and went to Jezreel.
Then Elijah became afraid[fn] and immediately ran for his life. When he came to Beer-sheba that belonged to Judah, he left his servant there,
He entered a cave there and spent the night.
Suddenly, the word of the LORD came to him, and he said to him, “What are you doing here, Elijah? ”
Then the LORD said to him, “Go and return by the way you came to the Wilderness of Damascus. When you arrive, you are to anoint Hazael as king over Aram.
“You are to anoint Jehu son of Nimshi as king over Israel and Elisha son of Shaphat from Abel-meholah as prophet in your place.
He sent messengers into the city to King Ahab of Israel and said to him, “This is what Ben-hadad says:
A prophet approached King Ahab of Israel and said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘Do you see this whole huge army? Watch, I am handing it over to you today so that you may know that I am the LORD.' ”
So he said, “If they have marched out in peace, take them alive, and if they have marched out for battle, take them alive.”
“Also do this: remove each king from his position and appoint captains in their place.
In the spring, Ben-hadad mobilized the Arameans and went up to Aphek to battle Israel.
The Israelites mobilized, gathered supplies, and went to fight them. The Israelites camped in front of them like two little flocks of goats, while the Arameans filled the landscape.
Then the man of God approached and said to the king of Israel, “This is what the LORD says: ‘Because the Arameans have said, “The LORD is a god of the mountains and not a god of the valleys,” I will hand over all this whole huge army to you. Then you will know that I am the LORD.' ”
The ones who remained fled into the city of Aphek, and the wall fell on those twenty-seven thousand remaining men.
Ben-hadad also fled and went into an inner room in the city.
So Ahab spoke to Naboth, saying, “Give me your vineyard so I can have it for a vegetable garden, since it is right next to my palace. I will give you a better vineyard in its place, or if you prefer, I will give you its value in silver.”
When Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, he got up to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite to take possession of it.
“Get up and go to meet King Ahab of Israel, who is in Samaria. He's in Naboth's vineyard, where he has gone to take possession of it.
So he asked Jehoshaphat, “Will you go with me to fight Ramoth-gilead? ”
Jehoshaphat replied to the king of Israel, “I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.”
So the king of Israel gathered the prophets, about four hundred men, and asked them, “Should I go against Ramoth-gilead for war or should I refrain? ”
They replied, “March up, and the Lord will hand it over to the king.”
And all the prophets were prophesying the same: “March up to Ramoth-gilead and succeed, for the LORD will hand it over to the king.”
The messenger who went to call Micaiah instructed him, “Look, the words of the prophets are unanimously favorable for the king. So let your words be like theirs, and speak favorably.”
So he went to the king, and the king asked him, “Micaiah, should we go to Ramoth-gilead for war, or should we refrain? ”
Micaiah told him, “March up and succeed. The LORD will hand it over to the king.”
So Micaiah said:
I saw all Israel scattered on the hills
like sheep without a shepherd.
And the LORD said,
“They have no master;
let everyone return home in peace.”
But the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your royal attire.” So the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle.
The battle raged throughout that day, and the king was propped up in his chariot facing the Arameans. He died that evening, and blood from his wound flowed into the bottom of the chariot.
Then the cry rang out in the army as the sun set, declaring:
Each man to his own city,
and each man to his own land!
But the angel of the LORD said to Elijah the Tishbite, “Go and meet the messengers of the king of Samaria and say to them, ‘Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron?
They replied, “A man came to meet us and said, ‘Go back to the king who sent you and declare to him, “This is what the LORD says: Is it because there is no God in Israel that you're sending these men to inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore, you will not get up from your sickbed; you will certainly die.” ' ”
The king asked them, “What sort of man came up to meet you and spoke those words to you? ”
The rest of the events of Ahaziah's reign, along with his accomplishments, are written in the Historical Record of Israel's Kings.[fn]
The time had come for the LORD to take Elijah up to heaven in a whirlwind. Elijah and Elisha were traveling from Gilgal,
and Elijah said to Elisha, “Stay here; the LORD is sending me on to Bethel.”
But Elisha replied, “As the LORD lives and as you yourself live, I will not leave you.” So they went down to Bethel.
Elijah said to him, “Elisha, stay here; the LORD is sending me to Jericho.”
But Elisha said, “As the LORD lives and as you yourself live, I will not leave you.” So they went to Jericho.
As they continued walking and talking, a chariot of fire with horses of fire suddenly appeared and separated the two of them. Then Elijah went up into heaven in the whirlwind.
As Elisha watched, he kept crying out, “My father, my father, the chariots and horsemen of Israel! ”
When he could see him no longer, he took hold of his own clothes, tore them in two,
When the sons of the prophets from Jericho who were observing saw him, they said, “The spirit of Elijah rests on Elisha.” They came to meet him and bowed down to the ground in front of him.
Elisha went out to the spring, threw salt in it, and said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘I have healed this water. No longer will death or unfruitfulness result from it.' ”
From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking up the path, some small boys came out of the city and jeered at him, chanting, “Go up, baldy! Go up, baldy! ”
Then he sent a message to King Jehoshaphat of Judah: “The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me to fight against Moab? ”
Jehoshaphat said, “I will go. I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.”
However, Elisha said to King Joram of Israel, “What do we have in common? Go to the prophets of your father and your mother! ”
But the king of Israel replied, “No, because it is the LORD who has summoned these three kings to hand them over to Moab.”
However, when the Moabites came to Israel's camp, the Israelites attacked them, and they fled from them. So Israel went into the land attacking the Moabites.
So he took his firstborn son, who was to become king in his place, and offered him as a burnt offering on the city wall. Great wrath was on the Israelites, and they withdrew from him and returned to their land.
One of the wives of the sons of the prophets cried out to Elisha, “Your servant, my husband, has died. You know that your servant feared the LORD. Now the creditor is coming to take my two children as his slaves.”
“Then go in and shut the door behind you and your sons, and pour oil into all these containers. Set the full ones to one side.”
One day Elisha went to Shunem. A prominent woman who lived there persuaded him to eat some food. So whenever he passed by, he stopped there to eat.
Elisha said, “At this time next year you will have a son in your arms.”
Then she said, “No, my lord. Man of God, do not lie to your servant.”
The woman conceived and gave birth to a son at the same time the following year, as Elisha had promised her.
So she came to the man of God at Mount Carmel.
When the man of God saw her at a distance, he said to his attendant Gehazi, “Look, there's the Shunammite woman.
“Run out to meet her and ask, ‘Are you all right? Is your husband all right? Is your son all right? ' ”
And she answered, “It's all right.”
When she came up to the man of God at the mountain, she clung to his feet. Gehazi came to push her away, but the man of God said, “Leave her alone — she is in severe anguish, and the LORD has hidden it from me. He hasn't told me.”
Gehazi went ahead of them and placed the staff on the boy's face, but there was no sound or sign of life, so he went back to meet Elisha and told him, “The boy didn't wake up.”
When Elisha returned to Gilgal, there was a famine in the land. The sons of the prophets were sitting before him. He said to his attendant, “Put on the large pot and make stew for the sons of the prophets.”
One went out to the field to gather herbs and found a wild vine from which he gathered as many wild gourds as his garment would hold. Then he came back and cut them up into the pot of stew, but they were unaware of what they were.[fn]
Then Elisha said, “Get some flour.” He threw it into the pot and said, “Serve it for the people to eat.” And there was nothing bad in the pot.
“However, in a particular matter may the LORD pardon your servant: When my master, the king of Aram, goes into the temple of Rimmon to bow in worship while he is leaning on my arm,[fn] and I have to bow in the temple of Rimmon — when I bow[fn] in the temple of Rimmon, may the LORD pardon your servant in this matter.”
So he said to him, “Go in peace.”
After Naaman had traveled a short distance from Elisha,
So Gehazi pursued Naaman. When Naaman saw someone running after him, he got down from the chariot to meet him and asked, “Is everything all right? ”
When Gehazi came to the hill,[fn] he took the gifts from them and deposited them in the house. Then he dismissed the men, and they left.
“And my heart didn't go[fn] when the man got down from his chariot to meet you,” Elisha said. “Is this a time to accept silver and clothing, olive orchards and vineyards, flocks and herds, and male and female slaves?
“Therefore, Naaman's skin disease will cling to you and your descendants forever.” So Gehazi went out from his presence diseased, resembling snow.[fn]
As one of them was cutting down a tree, the iron ax head fell into the water, and he cried out, “Oh, my master, it was borrowed! ”
When the king of Aram was waging war against Israel, he conferred with his servants, “My camp will be at such and such a place.”
Consequently, the king of Israel sent word to the place the man of God had told him about. The man of God repeatedly[fn] warned the king, so the king would be on his guard.
Then Elisha said to them, “This is not the way, and this is not the city. Follow me, and I will take you to the man you're looking for.” And he led them to Samaria.
When they entered Samaria, Elisha said, “LORD, open these men's eyes and let them see.” So the LORD opened their eyes, and they saw that they were in the middle of Samaria.
So he prepared a big feast for them. When they had eaten and drunk, he sent them away, and they went to their master. The Aramean raiders did not come into Israel's land again.
“If we say, ‘Let's go into the city,' we will die there because the famine is in the city, but if we sit here, we will also die. So now, come on. Let's surrender to the Arameans' camp. If they let us live, we will live; if they kill us, we will die.”
So the diseased men got up at twilight to go to the Arameans' camp. When they came to the camp's edge, they discovered that no one was there,
When these diseased men came to the edge of the camp, they went into a tent to eat and drink. Then they picked up the silver, gold, and clothing and went off and hid them. They came back and entered another tent, picked things up, and hid them.
Then they said to each other, “We're not doing what is right. Today is a day of good news. If we are silent and wait until morning light, our punishment will catch up with us. So let's go tell the king's household.”
The diseased men came and called to the city's gatekeepers and told them, “We went to the Aramean camp and no one was there — no human sounds. There was nothing but tethered horses and donkeys, and the tents were intact.”
So the king got up in the night and said to his servants, “Let me tell you what the Arameans have done to us. They know we are starving, so they have left the camp to hide in the open country, thinking, ‘When they come out of the city, we will take them alive and go into the city.' ”
When the woman returned from the land of the Philistines at the end of seven years, she went to appeal to the king for her house and field.
Elisha came to Damascus while King Ben-hadad of Aram was sick, and the king was told, “The man of God has come here.”
So the king said to Hazael, “Take a gift with you and go meet the man of God. Inquire of the LORD through him, ‘Will I recover from this sickness? ' ”
Hazael went to meet Elisha, taking with him a gift: forty camel-loads of all the finest products of Damascus. When he came and stood before him, he said, “Your son, King Ben-hadad of Aram, has sent me to ask you, ‘Will I recover from this sickness? ' ”
He walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, as the house of Ahab had done, for Ahab's daughter was his wife. He did what was evil in the LORD's sight.
So Jehoram crossed over to Zair with all his chariots. Then at night he set out to attack the Edomites who had surrounded him and the chariot commanders, but his troops fled to their tents.
Ahaziah went with Joram son of Ahab to fight against King Hazael of Aram in Ramoth-gilead, and the Arameans wounded Joram.
The prophet Elisha called one of the sons of the prophets and said, “Tuck your mantle under your belt, take this flask of oil with you, and go to Ramoth-gilead.
“When you get there, look for Jehu son of Jehoshaphat, son of Nimshi. Go in, get him away from his colleagues, and take him to an inner room.
“Then take the flask of oil, pour it on his head, and say, ‘This is what the LORD says: “I anoint you king over Israel.” ' Open the door and escape. Don't wait.”
So Jehu got up and went into the house. The young prophet poured the oil on his head and said, “This is what the LORD God of Israel says: ‘I anoint you king over the LORD's people, Israel.
But they replied, “That's a lie! Tell us! ”
So Jehu said, “He talked to me about this and that and said, ‘This is what the LORD says: I anoint you king over Israel.' ”
Jehu got into his chariot and went to Jezreel since Joram was laid up there and King Ahaziah of Judah had gone down to visit Joram.
So a horseman went to meet Jehu and said, “This is what the king asks: ‘Do you come in peace? ' ”
Jehu replied, “What do you have to do with peace? Fall in behind me.”
The watchman reported, “The messenger reached them but hasn't started back.”
So he sent out a second horseman, who went to them and said, “This is what the king asks: ‘Do you come in peace? ' ”
Jehu answered, “What do you have to do with peace? Fall in behind me.”
“Get the chariot ready! ” Joram shouted, and they got it ready. Then King Joram of Israel and King Ahaziah of Judah set out, each in his own chariot, and met Jehu at the plot of land of Naboth the Jezreelite.
When King Ahaziah of Judah saw what was happening, he fled up the road toward Beth-haggan. Jehu pursued him, shouting, “Shoot him too! ” So they shot him in his chariot[fn] at Gur Pass near Ibleam, but he fled to Megiddo and died there.
Then his servants carried him to Jerusalem in a chariot and buried him in his ancestors' tomb in the city of David.
When Jehu came to Jezreel, Jezebel heard about it, so she painted her eyes, fixed her hair,[fn] and looked down from the window.
He looked up toward the window and said, “Who is on my side? Who? ” Two or three eunuchs looked down at him,
Then Jehu wrote them a second letter, saying:
If you are on my side, and if you will obey me, bring me the heads of your master's sons[fn] at this time tomorrow at Jezreel.
All seventy of the king's sons were being cared for by the city's prominent men.
When the letter came to them, they took the king's sons and slaughtered all seventy, put their heads in baskets, and sent them to Jehu at Jezreel.
When the messenger came and told him, “They have brought the heads of the king's sons,” the king said, “Pile them in two heaps at the entrance of the city gate until morning.”
“Know, then, that not a word the LORD spoke against the house of Ahab will fail, for the LORD has done what he promised through his servant Elijah.”
Then he set out and went to Samaria. On the way, while he was at Beth-eked of the Shepherds,
Jehu met the relatives of King Ahaziah of Judah and asked, “Who are you? ”
They answered, “We're Ahaziah's relatives. We've come down to greet the king's sons and the queen mother's sons.”
Then Jehu ordered, “Take them alive.” So they took them alive and then slaughtered them at the pit of Beth-eked — forty-two men. He didn't spare any of them.
When Jehu came to Samaria, he struck down all who remained from the house of Ahab in Samaria until he had annihilated his house, according to the word of the LORD spoken to Elijah.
Then Jehu sent messengers throughout all Israel, and all the servants of Baal[fn] came; no one failed to come. They entered the temple of Baal, and it was filled from one end to the other.
Then Jehu and Jehonadab son of Rechab entered the temple of Baal, and Jehu said to the servants of Baal, “Look carefully to see that there are no servants of the LORD here among you — only servants of Baal.”
and they tore down the pillar of Baal. Then they tore down the temple of Baal and made it a latrine — which it still is today.
In the seventh year, Jehoiada sent for the commanders of hundreds, the Carites, and the guards. He had them come to him in the LORD's temple, where he made a covenant with them and put them under oath. He showed them the king's son
“Completely surround the king with weapons in hand. Anyone who approaches the ranks is to be put to death. Be with the king in all his daily tasks.”[fn]
When Athaliah heard the noise from the guard and the crowd, she went out to the people at the LORD's temple.
Then Jehoiada made a covenant between the LORD, the king, and the people that they would be the LORD's people and another covenant between the king and the people.[fn]
So all the people of the land went to the temple of Baal and tore it down. They smashed its altars and images to pieces, and they killed Mattan, the priest of Baal, at the altars.
Then Jehoiada the priest appointed guards for the LORD's temple.
So King Joash called the priest Jehoiada and the other priests and asked, “Why haven't you repaired the temple's damage? Since you haven't, don't take any silver from your assessors; instead, hand it over for the repair of the temple.”
the masons, and the stonecutters — and would use it to buy timber and quarried stone to repair the damage to the LORD's temple and for all expenses for temple repairs.
Jehoahaz did not have an army left, except for fifty horsemen, ten chariots, and ten thousand foot soldiers, because the king of Aram had destroyed them, making them like dust at threshing.
Then Elisha said, “Take the arrows! ” So he took them. Then Elisha said to the king of Israel, “Strike the ground! ” So he struck the ground three times and stopped.
King Jehoash of Israel sent word to King Amaziah of Judah, saying, “The thistle in Lebanon once sent a message to the cedar in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son as a wife.' Then a wild animal in Lebanon passed by and trampled the thistle.
He took all the gold and silver, all the articles found in the LORD's temple and in the treasuries of the king's palace, and some hostages. Then he returned to Samaria.
A conspiracy was formed against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish. However, men were sent after him to Lachish, and they put him to death there.
Then Menahem son of Gadi came up from Tirzah to Samaria and struck down Shallum son of Jabesh there. He killed him and became king in his place.
In the days of King Pekah of Israel, King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria came and captured Ijon, Abel-beth-maacah, Janoah, Kedesh, Hazor, Gilead, and Galilee — all the land of Naphtali — and deported the people to Assyria.
Then Aram's King Rezin and Israel's King Pekah son of Remaliah came to wage war against Jerusalem. They besieged Ahaz but were not able to conquer him.
At that time Aram's King Rezin recovered Elath for Aram and expelled the Judahites from Elath. Then the Arameans came to Elath, and they still live there today.
So the king of Assyria listened to him and marched up to Damascus and captured it. He deported its people to Kir but put Rezin to death.
King Ahaz went to Damascus to meet King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria. When he saw the altar that was in Damascus, King Ahaz sent a model of the altar and complete plans for its construction to the priest Uriah.
Then King Ahaz commanded the priest Uriah, “Offer on the great altar the morning burnt offering, the evening grain offering, and the king's burnt offering and his grain offering. Also offer the burnt offering of all the people of the land, their grain offering, and their drink offerings. Splatter on the altar all the blood of the burnt offering and all the blood of sacrifice. The bronze altar will be for me to seek guidance.”[fn]
The king of Assyria invaded the whole land, marched up to Samaria, and besieged it for three years.
In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria. He deported the Israelites to Assyria and settled them in Halah, along the Habor (Gozan's river), and in the cities of the Medes.
Finally, the LORD removed Israel from his presence just as he had declared through all his servants the prophets. So Israel has been exiled to Assyria from their homeland to this very day.
The settlers said to the king of Assyria, “The nations that you have deported and placed in the cities of Samaria do not know the requirements of the god of the land. Therefore he has sent lions among them that are killing them because the people don't know the requirements of the god of the land.”
The king of Assyria deported the Israelites to Assyria and put them in Halah, along the Habor (Gozan's river), and in the cities of the Medes,
Then the king of Assyria sent the field marshal, the chief of staff, and his royal spokesman, along with a massive army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. They advanced and came to Jerusalem, and[fn] they took their position by the aqueduct of the upper pool, by the road to the Launderer's Field.
“You think mere words are strategy and strength for war. Who are you now relying on so that you have rebelled against me?
“Now look, you are relying on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff that will pierce the hand of anyone who grabs it and leans on it. This is what Pharaoh king of Egypt is to all who rely on him.
“How then can you drive back a single officer among the least of my master's servants? How can you rely on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
“until I come and take you away to a land like your own land — a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of olive trees and honey — so that you may live and not die. But don't listen to Hezekiah when he misleads you, saying, “The LORD will rescue us.”
When King Hezekiah heard their report, he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth, and went into the LORD's temple.
“I am about to put a spirit in him, and he will hear a rumor and return to his own land, where I will cause him to fall by the sword.' ”
“Say this to King Hezekiah of Judah: ‘Don't let your God, on whom you rely, deceive you by promising that Jerusalem will not be handed over to the king of Assyria.
Hezekiah took the letter from the messengers' hands, read it, then went up to the LORD's temple, and spread it out before the LORD.
They have thrown their gods into the fire, for they were not gods but made by human hands — wood and stone. So they have destroyed them.
“Who is it you mocked and blasphemed?
Against whom have you raised your voice
and lifted your eyes in pride?
Against the Holy One of Israel!
“Have you not heard?
I designed it long ago;
I planned it in days gone by.
I have now brought it to pass,
and you have crushed fortified cities
into piles of rubble.
“Therefore, this is what the LORD says about the king of Assyria:
He will not enter this city,
shoot an arrow here,
come before it with a shield,
or build up a siege ramp against it.
“He will go back
the way he came,
and he will not enter this city.
This is the LORD's declaration.
One day, while he was worshiping in the temple of his god Nisroch, his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer struck him down with the sword and escaped to the land of Ararat. Then his son Esar-haddon became king in his place.
In those days Hezekiah became terminally ill. The prophet Isaiah son of Amoz came and said to him, “This is what the LORD says: ‘Set your house in order, for you are about to die; you will not recover.' ”
“Go back and tell Hezekiah, the leader of my people, ‘This is what the LORD God of your ancestor David says: I have heard your prayer; I have seen your tears. Look, I will heal you. On the third day from now you will go up to the LORD's temple.
Hezekiah had asked Isaiah, “What is the sign that the LORD will heal me and that I will go up to the LORD's temple on the third day? ”
Then Hezekiah answered, “It's easy for the shadow to lengthen ten steps. No, let the shadow go back ten steps.”
“‘Look, the days are coming when everything in your palace and all that your predecessors have stored up until today will be carried off to Babylon; nothing will be left,' says the LORD.
The rest of the events of Hezekiah's reign, along with all his might and how he made the pool and the tunnel and brought water into the city, are written in the Historical Record of Judah's Kings.
Manasseh set up the carved image of Asherah, which he made, in the temple that the LORD had spoken about to David and his son Solomon: “I will establish my name forever in this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel.
“I will abandon the remnant of my inheritance and hand them over to their enemies. They will become plunder and spoil to all their enemies,
Manasseh also shed so much innocent blood that he filled Jerusalem with it from one end to another. This was in addition to his sin that he caused Judah to commit, so that they did what was evil in the LORD's sight.
“because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before the LORD when you heard what I spoke against this place and against its inhabitants, that they would become a desolation and a curse, and because you have torn your clothes and wept before me, I myself have heard' — this is the LORD's declaration.
“‘Therefore, I will indeed gather you to your ancestors, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace. Your eyes will not see all the disaster that I am bringing on this place.' ”
Then they reported[fn] to the king.
Then the king went to the LORD's temple with all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, as well as the priests and the prophets — all the people from the youngest to the oldest. He read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant that had been found in the LORD's temple.
Then the king commanded the high priest Hilkiah and the priests of the second rank and the doorkeepers to bring out of the LORD's sanctuary all the articles made for Baal, Asherah, and all the stars in the sky. He burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron and carried their ashes to Bethel.
He brought out the Asherah pole from the LORD's temple to the Kidron Valley outside Jerusalem. He burned it at the Kidron Valley, beat it to dust, and threw its dust on the graves of the common people.[fn]
He did away with the horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun. They had been at the entrance of the LORD's temple in the precincts by the chamber of Nathan-melech, the eunuch. He also burned the chariots of the sun.
The king tore down the altars that the kings of Judah had made on the roof of Ahaz's upper chamber. He also tore down the altars that Manasseh had made in the two courtyards of the LORD's temple. Then he smashed them[fn] there and threw their dust into the Kidron Valley.
He even tore down the altar at Bethel and the high place that had been made by Jeroboam son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin. He burned the high place, crushed it to dust, and burned the Asherah.
Josiah also removed all the shrines of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to anger the LORD. Josiah did the same things to them that he had done at Bethel.
He slaughtered on the altars all the priests of those high places, and he burned human bones on the altars. Then he returned to Jerusalem.
During his reign, Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt marched up to help the king of Assyria at the Euphrates River. King Josiah went to confront him, and at Megiddo when Neco saw him he killed him.
From Megiddo his servants carried his dead body in a chariot, brought him into Jerusalem, and buried him in his own tomb. Then the common people[fn] took Jehoahaz son of Josiah, anointed him, and made him king in place of his father.
Then Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah and changed Eliakim's name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Jehoahaz and went to Egypt, and he died there.
At that time the servants of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon marched up to Jerusalem, and the city came under siege.
King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came to the city while his servants were besieging it.
Nebuchadnezzar deported Jehoiachin to Babylon. He took the king's mother, the king's wives, his officials, and the leading men of the land into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon.
The king of Babylon brought captive into Babylon all seven thousand of the best soldiers and one thousand craftsmen and metalsmiths — all strong and fit for war.
The Chaldeans seized the king and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah, and they passed sentence on him.
They slaughtered Zedekiah's sons before his eyes. Finally, the king of Babylon blinded Zedekiah, bound him in bronze chains, and took him to Babylon.
On the seventh day of the fifth month — which was the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon — Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guards, a servant of the king of Babylon, entered Jerusalem.
But the captain of the guards left some of the poorest of the land to be vinedressers and farmers.
Now the Chaldeans broke into pieces the bronze pillars of the LORD's temple, the water carts, and the bronze basin,[fn] which were in the LORD's temple, and carried the bronze to Babylon.
Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guards, took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah.
When all the commanders of the armies — they and their men — heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah, they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. The commanders included Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan son of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of the Maacathite — they and their men.
In the seventh month, however, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, of the royal family, came with ten men and struck down Gedaliah, and he died. Also, they killed the Judeans and the Chaldeans who were with him at Mizpah.
Then all the people, from the youngest to the oldest, and the commanders of the army, left and went to Egypt, for they were afraid of the Chaldeans.
Carmi's son: Achar,[fn] who brought trouble on Israel when he was unfaithful by taking the things set apart for destruction.
After Hezron's death in Caleb-ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore[fn] Ashhur to him. He was the father of Tekoa.
Sheshan gave his daughter in marriage to his servant Jarha, and she bore Attai to him.
these mentioned by name were leaders in their families. Their ancestral houses increased greatly.
Now five hundred men from these sons of Simeon went with Pelatiah, Neariah, Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the descendants of Ishi, as their leaders to Mount Seir.
These were the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel. He was the firstborn, but his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel, because Reuben defiled his father's bed. He is not listed in the genealogy according to birthright.
Although Judah became strong among his brothers and a ruler came from him, the birthright was given to Joseph.
The descendants of Reuben and Gad and half the tribe of Manasseh had 44,760 warriors who could serve in the army — men who carried shield and sword, drew the bow, and were trained for war.
They received help against these enemies because they cried out to God in battle, and the Hagrites and all their allies were handed over to them. He was receptive to their prayer because they trusted in him.
So the God of Israel roused the spirit of King Pul (that is, Tiglath-pileser[fn]) of Assyria, and he took the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh into exile. He took them to Halah, Habor, Hara, and Gozan's river, where they are until today.
Their relatives, the Levites, were assigned to all the service of the tabernacle, God's temple.
But Aaron and his sons did all the work of the most holy place. They presented the offerings on the altar of burnt offerings and on the altar of incense to make atonement for Israel according to all that Moses the servant of God had commanded.
Along with them, they had 36,000 troops for battle according to the family records of their ancestral families, for they had many wives and children.
Their tribesmen who were valiant warriors belonging to all the families of Issachar totaled 87,000 in their genealogies.
All these were Asher's descendants. They were the heads of their ancestral families, chosen men, valiant warriors, and chiefs among the leaders. The number of men listed in their genealogies for military service was 26,000.
These were Ehud's sons, who were the heads of the families living in Geba and who were deported to Manahath:
All Israel was registered in the genealogies that are written in the Book of the Kings of Israel. But Judah was exiled to Babylon because of their unfaithfulness.
and their relatives, the heads of their ancestral families — 1,760 in all. They were capable men employed in the ministry of God's temple.
Shallum son of Kore, son of Ebiasaph, son of Korah and his relatives from his ancestral family, the Korahites, were assigned to guard the thresholds of the tent.[fn] Their ancestors had been assigned to the LORD's camp as guardians of the entrance.
Their relatives came from their settlements at fixed times to be with them seven days,
They stripped Saul, cut off his head, took his armor, and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to spread the good news to their idols and the people.
all their brave men set out and retrieved the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons and brought them to Jabesh. They buried their bones under the oak[fn] in Jabesh and fasted seven days.
“Even previously when Saul was king, you were leading Israel out to battle and bringing us back. The LORD your God also said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will be ruler over my people Israel.' ”
So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron. David made a covenant with them at Hebron in the LORD's presence, and they anointed David king over Israel, in keeping with the LORD's word through Samuel.
David and all Israel marched to Jerusalem (that is, Jebus); the Jebusites who inhabited the land were there.
David said, “Whoever is the first to kill a Jebusite will become chief commander.” Joab son of Zeruiah went up first, so he became the chief.
He was with David at Pas-dammim when the Philistines had gathered there for battle. There was a portion of a field full of barley, where the troops had fled from the Philistines.
Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while the Philistine army was encamped in Rephaim Valley.
He was more honored than the Three and became their commander even though he did not become one of the Three.
The following were the men who came to David at Ziklag while he was still banned from the presence of Saul son of Kish. They were among the warriors who helped him in battle.
David went out to meet them and said to them, “If you have come in peace to help me, my heart will be united with you, but if you have come to betray me to my enemies even though my hands have done no wrong, may the God of our ancestors look on it and judge.”
Some Manassites defected to David when he went with the Philistines to fight against Saul. However, they did not help the Philistines because the Philistine rulers sent David away after a discussion. They said, “It will be our heads if he defects to his master Saul.”
When David went to Ziklag, some men from Manasseh defected to him: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, chiefs of thousands in Manasseh.
At that time, men came day after day to help David until there was a great army, like an army of God.[fn]
The numbers of the armed troops who came to David at Hebron to turn Saul's kingdom over to him, according to the LORD's word, were as follows:
From the Issacharites, who understood the times and knew what Israel should do: 200 chiefs with all their relatives under their command.
From Zebulun: 50,000 who could serve in the army, trained for battle with all kinds of weapons of war, with one purpose to help David.[fn]
All these warriors, lined up in battle formation, came to Hebron wholeheartedly determined to make David king over all Israel. All the rest of Israel was also of one mind to make David king.
In addition, their neighbors from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali came and brought food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen — abundant provisions of flour, fig cakes, raisins, wine and oil, herds, and flocks. Indeed, there was joy in Israel.
David and all Israel went to Baalah (that is, Kiriath-jearim that belongs to Judah) to take from there the ark of God, which bears the name of the LORD who is enthroned between the cherubim.
So David did not bring the ark of God home[fn] to the city of David; instead, he diverted it to the house of Obed-edom of Gath.
Then David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel and that his kingdom had been exalted for the sake of his people Israel.
When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over all Israel, they all went in search of David; when David heard of this, he went out to face them.
so David inquired of God, “Should I attack the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me? ”
The LORD replied, “Attack, and I will hand them over to you.”
So the Israelites went up to Baal-perazim, and David defeated the Philistines there. Then David said, “Like a bursting flood, God has used me to burst out against my enemies.” Therefore, they named that place The Lord Bursts Out.[fn]
“When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, then go out to battle, for God will have gone out ahead of you to strike down the army of the Philistines.”
David assembled all Israel at Jerusalem to bring the ark of the LORD to the place he had prepared for it.
Then David told the leaders of the Levites to appoint their relatives as singers and to have them raise their voices with joy accompanied by musical instruments — harps, lyres, and cymbals.
So David left Asaph and his relatives there before the ark of the LORD's covenant to minister regularly before the ark according to the daily requirements.
He assigned Obed-edom and his[fn] sixty-eight relatives. Obed-edom son of Jeduthun and Hosah were to be gatekeepers.
With them were Heman, Jeduthun, and the rest who were chosen and designated by name to give thanks to the LORD — for his faithful love endures forever.
Heman and Jeduthun had with them trumpets and cymbals to play and musical instruments of God. Jeduthun's sons were at the city gate.
“So now this is what you are to say to my servant David: ‘This is what the LORD of Armies says: I took you from the pasture, from tending the flock, to be ruler over my people Israel.
“I will be his father, and he will be my son. I will not remove my faithful love from him as I removed it from the one who was before you.
You made your people Israel your own people forever, and you, LORD, have become their God.
So now, you have been pleased to bless your servant's house that it may continue before you forever. For you, LORD, have blessed it, and it is blessed forever.
Then he placed garrisons[fn] in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became David's subjects and brought tribute. The LORD made David victorious wherever he went.
David took the gold shields carried by Hadadezer's officers and brought them to Jerusalem.
he sent his son Hadoram to King David to greet him and to congratulate him because David had fought against Hadadezer and defeated him, for Tou and Hadadezer had fought many wars. Hadoram brought all kinds of gold, silver, and bronze items.
Then David said, “I'll show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.”
So David sent messengers to console him concerning his father. However, when David's emissaries arrived in the land of the Ammonites to console him,
It was reported to David about his men, so he sent messengers to meet them, since the men were deeply humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow back; then return.”
They hired thirty-two thousand chariots and the king of Maacah with his army, who came and camped near Medeba. The Ammonites also came together from their cities for the battle.
The Ammonites marched out and lined up in battle formation at the entrance of the city while the kings who had come were in the field by themselves.
“If the Arameans are too strong for me,” Joab said, “then you'll be my help. However, if the Ammonites are too strong for you, I'll help you.
Joab and the people with him approached the Arameans for battle, and they fled before him.
When the Ammonites saw that the Arameans had fled, they likewise fled before Joab's brother Abishai and entered the city. Then Joab went to Jerusalem.
Joab replied, “May the LORD multiply the number of his people a hundred times over! My lord the king, aren't they all my lord's servants? Why does my lord want to do this? Why should he bring guilt on Israel? ”
Yet the king's order prevailed over Joab. So Joab left and traveled throughout Israel and then returned to Jerusalem.
David answered Gad, “I'm in anguish. Please, let me fall into the LORD's hands because his mercies are very great, but don't let me fall into human hands.”
Then God sent an angel to Jerusalem to destroy it, but when the angel was about to destroy the city,[fn] the LORD looked, relented concerning the destruction, and said to the angel who was destroying the people, “Enough, withdraw your hand now! ” The angel of the LORD was then standing at the threshing floor of Ornan[fn] the Jebusite.
David said to God, “Wasn't I the one who gave the order to count the people? I am the one who has sinned and acted very wickedly. But these sheep, what have they done? LORD my God, please let your hand be against me and against my father's family, but don't let the plague be against your people.”
Ornan said to David, “Take it! My lord the king may do whatever he wants.[fn] See, I give the oxen for the burnt offerings, the threshing sledges for the wood, and the wheat for the grain offering — I give it all.”
Then David said, “This is the house of the LORD God, and this is the altar of burnt offering for Israel.”
David supplied a great deal of iron to make the nails for the doors of the gates and for the fittings, together with an immeasurable quantity of bronze,
and innumerable cedar logs because the Sidonians and Tyrians had brought a large quantity of cedar logs to David.
David said, “My son Solomon is young and inexperienced, and the house that is to be built for the LORD must be exceedingly great and famous and glorious in all the lands. Therefore, I will make provision for it.” So David made lavish preparations for it before his death.
“but the word of the LORD came to me: ‘You have shed much blood and waged great wars. You are not to build a house for my name because you have shed so much blood on the ground before me.
“He is the one who will build a house for my name. He will be my son, and I will be his father. I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel forever.'
“Notice I have taken great pains to provide for the house of the LORD — 3,775 tons of gold, 37,750 tons of silver,[fn] and bronze and iron that can't be weighed because there is so much of it. I have also provided timber and stone, but you will need to add more to them.
“You also have many workers: stonecutters, masons, carpenters, and people skilled in every kind of work
“Now determine in your mind and heart to seek the LORD your God. Get started building the LORD God's sanctuary so that you may bring the ark of the LORD's covenant and the holy articles of God to the temple that is to be built for the name of the LORD.”
The Levites thirty years old or more were counted; the total number of men was thirty-eight thousand by headcount.
Jahath was the first and Zizah was the second; however, Jeush and Beriah did not have many sons, so they became one family[fn] and received a single assignment.
Eliezer's sons were Rehabiah, first; Eliezer did not have any other sons, but Rehabiah's sons were very numerous.
“Also, the Levites no longer need to carry the tabernacle or any of the equipment for its service” —
“as well as the rows of the Bread of the Presence, the fine flour for the grain offering, the wafers of unleavened bread, the baking,[fn] the mixing, and all measurements of volume and length.
Since more leaders were found among Eleazar's descendants than Ithamar's, they were divided accordingly: sixteen heads of ancestral families[fn] were from Eleazar's descendants, and eight heads of ancestral families were from Ithamar's.
These had their assigned duties for service when they entered the LORD's temple, according to their regulations, which they received from their ancestor Aaron, as the LORD God of Israel had commanded him.
David and the officers of the army also set apart some of the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun, who were to prophesy accompanied by lyres, harps, and cymbals. This is the list of the men who performed their service:
The following were the divisions of the gatekeepers:
From the Korahites: Meshelemiah son of Kore, one of the sons of Asaph.
Also, to his son Shemaiah were born sons who ruled their ancestral families[fn] because they were strong, capable men.
They cast lots for each temple gate according to their ancestral families, young and old alike.
it was the west gate and the gate of Shallecheth on the ascending highway for Shuppim and Hosah.
There were guards stationed at every watch.
There were six Levites each day[fn] on the east, four each day on the north, four each day on the south, and two pair at the storehouses.
From the Hebronites: Hashabiah and his relatives, 1,700 capable men, had assigned duties in Israel west of the Jordan for all the work of the LORD and for the service of the king.
There were among Jerijah's relatives 2,700 capable men who were family heads. King David appointed them over the Reubenites, the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh as overseers in every matter relating to God and the king.
This is the list of the Israelites, the family heads, the commanders of thousands and the commanders of hundreds, and their officers who served the king in every matter to do with the divisions that were on rotated military duty each month throughout[fn] the year. There were 24,000 in each division:
The fourth commander, for the fourth month, was Joab's brother Asahel, and his son Zebadiah was commander after him; 24,000 were in his division.
The twelfth, for the twelfth month, was Heldai the Netophathite, of Othniel's family;[fn] 24,000 were in his division.
Then King David rose to his feet and said, “Listen to me, my brothers and my people. It was in my heart to build a house as a resting place for the ark of the LORD's covenant and as a footstool for our God. I had made preparations to build,
“Yet the LORD God of Israel chose me out of all my father's family to be king over Israel forever. For he chose Judah as leader, and from the house of Judah, my father's family, and from my father's sons, he was pleased to make me king over all Israel.
“He said to me, ‘Your son Solomon is the one who is to build my house and my courts, for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.
“As for you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father, and serve him wholeheartedly and with a willing mind, for the LORD searches every heart and understands the intention of every thought. If you seek him, he will be found by you, but if you abandon him, he will reject you forever.
“Realize now that the LORD has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary. Be strong, and do it.”
The plans contained everything he had in mind[fn] for the courts of the LORD's house, all the surrounding chambers, the treasuries of God's house, and the treasuries for what is dedicated.
Also included were plans for the divisions of the priests and the Levites; all the work of service in the LORD's house; all the articles of service of the LORD's house;
“Here are the divisions of the priests and the Levites for all the service of God's house. Every willing person of any skill will be at your disposal for the work, and the leaders and all the people are at your every command.”
“So to the best of my ability I've made provision for the house of my God: gold for the gold articles, silver for the silver, bronze for the bronze, iron for the iron, and wood for the wood, as well as onyx, stones for mounting,[fn] antimony,[fn] stones of various colors, all kinds of precious stones, and a great quantity of marble.
“Moreover, because of my delight in the house of my God, I now give my personal treasures of gold and silver for the house of my God over and above all that I've provided for the holy house:
Whoever had precious stones gave them to the treasury of the LORD's house under the care of Jehiel the Gershonite.
LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our ancestors, keep this desire forever in the thoughts of the hearts of your people, and confirm their hearts toward you.
The following day they offered sacrifices to the LORD and burnt offerings to the LORD: a thousand bulls, a thousand rams, and a thousand lambs, along with their drink offerings, and sacrifices in abundance for all Israel.
They ate and drank with great joy in the LORD's presence that day.
Then, for a second time, they made David's son Solomon king; they anointed him[fn] as the LORD's ruler, and Zadok as the priest.
Solomon son of David strengthened his hold on his kingdom. The LORD his God was with him and highly exalted him.
Solomon and the whole assembly with him went to the high place that was in Gibeon because God's tent of meeting, which the LORD's servant Moses had made in the wilderness, was there.
Now David had brought the ark of God from Kiriath-jearim to the place[fn] he had set up for it, because he had pitched a tent for it in Jerusalem,
So Solomon went to Jerusalem from[fn] the high place that was in Gibeon in front of the tent of meeting, and he reigned over Israel.
The king made silver and gold as common in Jerusalem as stones, and he made cedar as abundant as sycamore in the Judean foothills.
Now I am building a temple for the name of the LORD my God in order to dedicate it to him for burning fragrant incense before him, for displaying the rows of the Bread of the Presence continuously, and for sacrificing burnt offerings for the morning and the evening, the Sabbaths and the New Moons, and the appointed festivals of the LORD our God. This is ordained for Israel permanently.
to prepare logs for me in abundance because the temple I am building will be great and wondrous.
Then King Hiram of Tyre wrote a letter[fn] and sent it to Solomon:
Because the LORD loves his people, he set you over them as king.
We will cut logs from Lebanon, as many as you need, and bring them to you as rafts by sea to Joppa. You can then take them up to Jerusalem.
He adorned the temple with precious stones for beauty, and the gold was the gold of Parvaim.
Then he made the most holy place; its length corresponded to the width of the temple, 30 feet, and its width was 30 feet. He overlaid it with forty-five thousand pounds[fn] of fine gold.
The wingspan of these cherubim was 30 feet. They stood on their feet and faced the larger room.[fn]
He made ten basins for washing and he put five on the right and five on the left. The parts of the burnt offering were rinsed in them, but the basin was used by the priests for washing.
the four hundred pomegranates for the two gratings (two rows of pomegranates for each grating covering both capitals' bowls on top of the pillars).
Solomon made all these utensils in such great abundance that the weight of the bronze was not determined.
the wick trimmers, sprinkling basins, ladles,[fn] and firepans — of purest gold; and the entryway to the temple, its inner doors to the most holy place, and the doors of the temple sanctuary — of gold.
So all the work Solomon did for the LORD's temple was completed. Then Solomon brought the consecrated things of his father David — the silver, the gold, and all the utensils — and put them in the treasuries of God's temple.
At that time Solomon assembled at Jerusalem the elders of Israel — all the tribal heads, the ancestral chiefs of the Israelites — in order to bring the ark of the covenant of the LORD up from the city of David, that is, Zion.
The priests brought the ark of the LORD's covenant to its place, into the inner sanctuary of the temple, to the most holy place, beneath the wings of the cherubim.
The poles were so long that their ends were seen from the holy place[fn] in front of the inner sanctuary, but they were not seen from outside; they are still there today.
The trumpeters and singers joined together to praise and thank the LORD with one voice. They raised their voices, accompanied by trumpets, cymbals, and musical instruments, in praise to the LORD:
For he is good;
his faithful love endures forever.
The temple, the LORD's temple, was filled with a cloud.
“Since the day I brought my people Israel
out of the land of Egypt,
I have not chosen a city to build a temple in
among any of the tribes of Israel,
so that my name would be there,
and I have not chosen a man
to be ruler over my people Israel.
so that your eyes watch over this temple
day and night,
toward the place where you said
you would put your name;
and so that you may hear the prayer
your servant prays toward this place.
Hear the petitions of your servant
and your people Israel,
which they pray toward this place.
May you hear in your dwelling place in heaven.
May you hear and forgive.
may you hear in heaven and act.
May you judge your servants,
condemning the wicked man by bringing
what he has done on his own head
and providing justice for the righteous
by rewarding him according to his righteousness.
may you hear in heaven
and forgive the sin of your people Israel.
May you restore them to the land
you gave them and their ancestors.
When the skies are shut and there is no rain
because they have sinned against you,
and they pray toward this place
and praise your name,
and they turn from their sins
because you are afflicting[fn] them,
may you hear in heaven
and forgive the sin of your servants
and your people Israel,
so that you may teach them the good way
they should walk in.
May you send rain on your land
that you gave your people for an inheritance.
every prayer or petition
that any person or that all your people Israel may have —
they each know their own affliction[fn] and suffering —
as they spread out their hands toward this temple,
Even for the foreigner who is not of your people Israel
but has come from a distant land
because of your great name
and your strong hand and outstretched arm:
when he comes and prays toward this temple,
When your people go out to fight against their enemies,
wherever you send them,
and they pray to you
in the direction of this city you have chosen
and the temple that I have built for your name,
When they sin against you —
for there is no one who does not sin —
and you are angry with them
and hand them over to the enemy,
and their captors deport them
to a distant or nearby country,
Now, my God,
please let your eyes be open
and your ears attentive
to the prayer of this place.
Now therefore:
Arise, LORD God, come to your resting place,
you and your powerful ark.
May your priests, LORD God, be clothed with salvation,
and may your faithful people rejoice in goodness.
The priests were not able to enter the LORD's temple because the glory of the LORD filled the temple of the LORD.
All the Israelites were watching when the fire descended and the glory of the LORD came on the temple. They bowed down on the pavement with their faces to the ground. They worshiped and praised the LORD:
For he is good,
for his faithful love endures forever.
The priests and the Levites were standing at their stations. The Levites had the musical instruments of the LORD, which King David had made to give thanks to the LORD — “for his faithful love endures forever” — when he offered praise with them. Across from the Levites, the priests were blowing trumpets, and all the people were standing.
On the twenty-third day of the seventh month he sent the people home,[fn] rejoicing and with happy hearts for the goodness the LORD had done for David, for Solomon, and for his people Israel.
Then the LORD appeared to Solomon at night and said to him:
I have heard your prayer and have chosen this place for myself as a temple of sacrifice.
then I will uproot Israel from the soil that I gave them, and this temple that I have sanctified for my name I will banish from my presence; I will make it an object of scorn and ridicule among all the peoples.
their descendants who remained in the land after them, those the Israelites had not completely destroyed — Solomon imposed forced labor on them; it is this way today.
But Solomon did not consign the Israelites to be slaves for his work; they were soldiers, commanders of his captains, and commanders of his chariots and his cavalry.
Solomon brought the daughter of Pharaoh from the city of David to the house he had built for her, for he said, “My wife must not live in the house[fn] of King David of Israel because the places the ark of the LORD has come into are holy.”
According to the ordinances of his father David, he appointed the divisions of the priests over their service, of the Levites over their responsibilities to offer praise and to minister before the priests following the daily requirement, and of the gatekeepers by their divisions with respect to each temple gate, for this had been the command of David, the man of God.
They did not turn aside from the king's command regarding the priests and the Levites concerning any matter or concerning the treasuries.
At that time Solomon went to Ezion-geber and to Eloth on the seashore in the land of Edom.
The queen of Sheba heard of Solomon's fame, so she came to test Solomon with difficult questions at Jerusalem with a very large entourage, with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. She came to Solomon and spoke with him about everything that was on her mind.
“Blessed be the LORD your God! He delighted in you and put you on his throne as king for the LORD your God. Because your God loved Israel enough to establish them forever, he has set you over them as king to carry out justice and righteousness.”
Then she gave the king four and a half tons[fn] of gold, a great quantity of spices, and precious stones. There never were such spices as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.
King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba her every desire, whatever she asked — far more than she had brought the king. Then she, along with her servants, returned to her own country.
All of King Solomon's drinking cups were gold, and all the utensils of the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. There was no silver, since it was considered as nothing in Solomon's time,
for the king's ships kept going to Tarshish with Hiram's servants, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.[fn]
Solomon had four thousand stalls for horses and chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen. He stationed them in the chariot cities and with the king in Jerusalem.
The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and he made cedar as abundant as sycamore in the Judean foothills.
They replied, “If you will be kind to this people and please them by speaking kind words to them, they will be your servants forever.”
When all Israel saw[fn] that the king had not listened to them, the people answered the king:
What portion do we have in David?
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse.
Israel, each to your tent;
David, look after your own house now!
So all Israel went to their tents.
Then King Rehoboam sent Hadoram,[fn] who was in charge of the forced labor, but the Israelites stoned him to death. However, King Rehoboam managed to get into his chariot to flee to Jerusalem.
When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mobilized the house of Judah and Benjamin — one hundred eighty thousand fit young soldiers — to fight against Israel to restore the reign to Rehoboam.
“‘This is what the LORD says: You are not to march up and fight against your brothers. Each of you return home, for this incident has come from me.' ”
So they listened to what the LORD said and turned back from going against Jeroboam.
He also put large shields and spears in each and every city to make them very strong. So Judah and Benjamin were his.
for the Levites left their pasturelands and their possessions and went to Judah and Jerusalem, because Jeroboam and his sons refused to let them serve as priests of the LORD.
Those from every tribe of Israel who had determined in their hearts to seek the LORD their God followed the Levites to Jerusalem to sacrifice to the LORD, the God of their ancestors.
So they strengthened the kingdom of Judah and supported Rehoboam son of Solomon for three years, because they walked in the ways of David and Solomon for three years.
Rehoboam appointed Abijah son of Maacah as chief, leader among his brothers, intending to make him king.
Then the prophet Shemaiah went to Rehoboam and the leaders of Judah who were gathered at Jerusalem because of Shishak. He said to them, “This is what the LORD says: You have abandoned me; therefore, I have abandoned you to Shishak.”
When the LORD saw that they had humbled themselves, the LORD's message came to Shemaiah: “They have humbled themselves; I will not destroy them but will grant them a little deliverance. My wrath will not be poured out on Jerusalem through Shishak.
“However, they will become his servants so that they may recognize the difference between serving me and serving the kingdoms of other lands.”
Whenever the king entered the LORD's temple, the guards would carry the shields and take them back to the armory.[fn]
When Rehoboam humbled himself, the LORD's anger turned away from him, and he did not destroy him completely. Besides that, conditions were good in Judah.
“Don't you know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingship over Israel to David and his descendants forever by a covenant of salt?
“And now you are saying you can assert yourselves against the LORD's kingdom, which is in the hand of one of David's sons. You are a vast number and have with you the golden calves that Jeroboam made for you as gods.[fn]
“Didn't you banish the priests of the LORD, the descendants of Aaron and the Levites, and make your own priests like the peoples of other lands do? Whoever comes to ordain himself with a young bull and seven rams may become a priest of what are not gods.
So Asa marched out against him and lined up in battle formation in Zephathah Valley at Mareshah.
They also attacked the tents of the herdsmen and captured many sheep and camels. Then they returned to Jerusalem.
So he went out to meet Asa and said to him, “Asa and all Judah and Benjamin, hear me. The LORD is with you when you are with him. If you seek him, he will be found by you, but if you abandon him, he will abandon you.
They were gathered in Jerusalem in the third month of the fifteenth year of Asa's reign.
“Were not the Cushites and Libyans a vast army with many chariots and horsemen? When you depended on the LORD, he handed them over to you.
Asa was enraged with the seer and put him in prison[fn] because of his anger over this. And Asa mistreated some of the people at that time.
Jehoshaphat grew stronger and stronger. He built fortresses and storage cities in Judah
Then after some years, he went down to visit Ahab in Samaria. Ahab slaughtered many sheep, goats, and cattle for him and for the people who were with him, and he persuaded him to attack Ramoth-gilead,
for Israel's King Ahab asked Judah's King Jehoshaphat, “Will you go with me to Ramoth-gilead? ”
He replied to him, “I am as you are, my people as your people; we will be with you in the battle.”
So the king of Israel gathered the prophets, four hundred men, and asked them, “Should we go to Ramoth-gilead for war or should I refrain? ”
They replied, “March up, and God will hand it over to the king.”
The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “There is still one man who can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies good about me, but only disaster. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.”
“The king shouldn't say that,” Jehoshaphat replied.
And all the prophets were prophesying the same, saying, “March up to Ramoth-gilead and succeed, for the LORD will hand it over to the king.”
So he went to the king, and the king asked him, “Micaiah, should we go to Ramoth-gilead for war, or should I[fn] refrain? ”
Micaiah said, “March up and succeed, for they will be handed over to you.”
So Micaiah said:
I saw all Israel scattered on the hills
like sheep without a shepherd.
And the LORD said,
“They have no master;
let each return home in peace.”
“and say, ‘This is what the king says: Put this guy in prison and feed him only a little bread and water[fn] until I come back safely.' ”
But the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your royal attire.” So the king of Israel disguised himself, and they went into battle.
Then Jehu son of the seer Hanani went out to confront him[fn] and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Do you help the wicked and love those who hate the LORD? Because of this, the LORD's wrath is on you.
Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem, and once again he went out among the people from Beer-sheba to the hill country of Ephraim and brought them back to the LORD, the God of their ancestors.
Jehoshaphat also appointed in Jerusalem some of the Levites and priests and some of the Israelite family heads for deciding the LORD's will and for settling disputes of the residents of[fn] Jerusalem.
“Note that Amariah, the chief priest, is over you in all matters related to the LORD, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael, the ruler of the house of Judah, in all matters related to the king, and the Levites are officers in your presence. Be strong; may the LORD be with those who do what is good.”
After this, the Moabites and Ammonites, together with some of the Meunites,[fn] came to fight against Jehoshaphat.
Are you not our God who drove out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel and who gave it forever to the descendants of Abraham your friend?
Now here are the Ammonites, Moabites, and the inhabitants of Mount Seir. You did not let Israel invade them when Israel came out of the land of Egypt, but Israel turned away from them and did not destroy them.
“You do not have to fight this battle. Position yourselves, stand still, and see the salvation of the LORD. He is with you, Judah and Jerusalem. Do not be afraid or discouraged. Tomorrow, go out to face them, for the LORD is with you.' ”
Then the Levites from the sons of the Kohathites and the Korahites stood up to praise the LORD God of Israel shouting loudly.
In the morning they got up early and went out to the wilderness of Tekoa. As they were about to go out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Hear me, Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem. Believe in the LORD your God, and you will be established; believe in his prophets, and you will succeed.”
Then he consulted with the people and appointed some to sing for the LORD and some to praise the splendor of his holiness. When they went out in front of the armed forces, they kept singing:[fn]
Give thanks to the LORD,
for his faithful love endures forever.
The Ammonites and Moabites turned against the inhabitants of Mount Seir and completely annihilated them. When they had finished with the inhabitants of Seir, they helped destroy each other.
They assembled in the Valley of Beracah[fn] on the fourth day, for there they blessed the LORD. Therefore, that place is still called the Valley of Beracah today.
Then all the men of Judah and Jerusalem turned back with Jehoshaphat their leader, returning joyfully to Jerusalem, for the LORD enabled them to rejoice over their enemies.
Jehoshaphat formed an alliance with him to make ships to go to Tarshish, and they made the ships in Ezion-geber.
Then Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you formed an alliance with Ahaziah, the LORD has broken up what you have made.” So the ships were wrecked and were not able to go to Tarshish.
So Jehoram crossed into Edom with his commanders and all his chariots. Then at night he set out to attack the Edomites who had surrounded him and the chariot commanders.
“You yourself will be struck with many illnesses, including a disease of the intestines, until your intestines come out day after day because of the disease.”
After all these things, the LORD afflicted him in his intestines with an incurable disease.
This continued day after day until two full years passed. Then his intestines came out because of his disease, and he died from severe[fn] illnesses. But his people did not hold a fire in his honor like the fire in honor of his predecessors.
Jehoshabeath,[fn] the king's daughter, rescued Joash son of Ahaziah from the king's sons who were being killed and put him and the one who nursed him in a bedroom. Now Jehoshabeath was the daughter of King Jehoram and the wife of the priest Jehoiada. Since she was Ahaziah's sister, she hid Joash from Athaliah so that she did not kill him.
Then, in the seventh year, Jehoiada summoned his courage and took the commanders of hundreds into a covenant with him: Azariah son of Jeroham, Ishmael son of Jehohanan, Azariah son of Obed, Maaseiah son of Adaiah, and Elishaphat son of Zichri.
They made a circuit throughout Judah. They gathered the Levites from all the cities of Judah and the family heads of Israel, and they came to Jerusalem.
“This is what you are to do: a third of you, priests and Levites who are coming on duty on the Sabbath, are to be gatekeepers.
“No one is to enter the LORD's temple but the priests and those Levites who serve; they may enter because they are holy, but all the people are to obey the requirement of the LORD.
“The Levites are to completely surround the king with weapons in hand. Anyone who enters the temple is to be put to death. Accompany the king in all his daily tasks.”[fn]
When Athaliah heard the noise from the troops, the guards, and those praising the king, she went to the troops in the LORD's temple.
So all the people went to the temple of Baal and tore it down. They smashed its altars and images and killed Mattan, the priest of Baal, at the altars.
He stationed gatekeepers at the gates of the LORD's temple so that nothing unclean could enter for any reason.
Then he took with him the commanders of hundreds, the nobles, the governors of the people, and all the people of the land and brought the king down from the LORD's temple. They entered the king's palace through the Upper Gate and seated the king on the throne of the kingdom.
So he gathered the priests and Levites and said, “Go out to the cities of Judah and collect silver from all Israel to repair the temple of your God as needed year by year, and do it quickly.”
However, the Levites did not hurry.
So the king called Jehoiada the high priest and said, “Why haven't you required the Levites to bring from Judah and Jerusalem the tax imposed by the LORD's servant Moses and the assembly of Israel for the tent of the testimony?
All the leaders and all the people rejoiced, brought the tax, and put it in the chest until it was full.
Whenever the chest was brought by the Levites to the king's overseers, and when they saw that there was a large amount of silver, the king's secretary and the high priest's deputy came and emptied the chest, picked it up, and returned it to its place. They did this daily and gathered the silver in abundance.
Then the king and Jehoiada gave it to those in charge of the labor on the LORD's temple, who were hiring stonecutters and carpenters to renovate the LORD's temple, also blacksmiths and coppersmiths to repair the LORD's temple.
When they finished, they presented the rest of the silver to the king and Jehoiada, who made articles for the LORD's temple with it — articles for ministry and for making burnt offerings, and ladles[fn] and articles of gold and silver. They regularly offered burnt offerings in the LORD's temple throughout Jehoiada's life.
Although the Aramean army came with only a few men, the LORD handed over a vast army to them because the people of Judah had abandoned the LORD, the God of their ancestors. So they executed judgment on Joash.
Then Amaziah gathered Judah and assembled them according to ancestral families,[fn] according to commanders of thousands, and according to commanders of hundreds. He numbered those twenty years old or more for all Judah and Benjamin. He found there to be three hundred thousand fit young men who could serve in the army, bearing spear and shield.
So Amaziah released the division that came to him from Ephraim to go home. But they got very angry with Judah and returned home in a fierce rage.
Amaziah strengthened his position and led his people to the Salt Valley. He struck down ten thousand Seirites,[fn]
As for the men of the division that Amaziah sent back so they would not go with him into battle, they raided the cities of Judah from Samaria to Beth-horon, struck down three thousand of their people, and took a great deal of plunder.
After Amaziah came from the attack on the Edomites, he brought the gods of the Seirites and set them up as his gods. He worshiped before them and burned incense to them.
King Jehoash of Israel sent word to King Amaziah of Judah, saying, “The thistle in Lebanon sent a message to the cedar in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son as a wife.' Then a wild animal in Lebanon passed by and trampled the thistle.
But Amaziah would not listen, for this turn of events was from God in order to hand them over to their enemies because they went after the gods of Edom.
He took all the gold, silver, all the utensils that were found with Obed-edom in God's temple, the treasures of the king's palace, and the hostages. Then he returned to Samaria.
From the time Amaziah turned from following the LORD, a conspiracy was formed against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish. However, men were sent after him to Lachish, and they put him to death there.
Uzziah had an army equipped for combat that went out to war by division according to their assignments, as recorded by Jeiel the court secretary and Maaseiah the officer under the authority of Hananiah, one of the king's commanders.
Uzziah provided the entire army with shields, spears, helmets, armor, bows, and slingstones.
But when he became strong, he grew arrogant, and it led to his own destruction. He acted unfaithfully against the LORD his God by going into the LORD's sanctuary to burn incense on the incense altar.
They took their stand against King Uzziah and said, “Uzziah, you have no right to offer incense to the LORD — only the consecrated priests, the descendants of Aaron, have the right to offer incense. Leave the sanctuary, for you have acted unfaithfully! You will not receive honor from the LORD God.”
He did what was right in the LORD's sight just as his father Uzziah had done. In addition, he didn't enter the LORD's sanctuary, but the people still behaved corruptly.
So the LORD his God handed Ahaz over to the king of Aram. He attacked him and took many captives to Damascus.
Ahaz was also handed over to the king of Israel, who struck him with great force:
Then the Israelites took two hundred thousand captives from their brothers — women, sons, and daughters. They also took a great deal of plunder from them and brought it to Samaria.
A prophet of the LORD named Oded was there. He went out to meet the army that came to Samaria and said to them, “Look, the LORD God of your ancestors handed them over to you because of his wrath against Judah, but you slaughtered them in a rage that has reached heaven.
“Now you plan to reduce the people of Judah and Jerusalem, male and female, to slavery. Are you not also guilty before the LORD your God?
They said to them, “You must not bring the captives here, for you plan to bring guilt on us from the LORD to add to our sins and our guilt. For we have much guilt, and burning anger is on Israel.”
Then the men who were designated by name took charge of the captives and provided clothes for their naked ones from the plunder. They clothed them, gave them sandals, food and drink, dressed their wounds, and provided donkeys for all the feeble. The Israelites brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, among their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.
Although Ahaz plundered the LORD's temple and the palace of the king and of the rulers and gave the plunder to the king of Assyria, it did not help him.
He sacrificed to the gods of Damascus which had defeated him; he said, “Since the gods of the kings of Aram are helping them, I will sacrifice to them so that they will help me.” But they were the downfall of him and of all Israel.
Ahaz rested with his ancestors and was buried in the city, in Jerusalem, but they did not bring him into the tombs of the kings of Israel. His son Hezekiah became king in his place.
Then he brought in the priests and Levites and gathered them in the eastern public square.
“Therefore, the wrath of the LORD was on Judah and Jerusalem, and he made them an object of terror, horror, and mockery,[fn] as you see with your own eyes.
The priests went to the entrance of the LORD's temple to cleanse it. They took all the unclean things they found in the LORD's sanctuary to the courtyard of the LORD's temple. Then the Levites received them and took them outside to the Kidron Valley.
They began the consecration on the first day of the first month, and on the eighth day of the month they came to the portico of the LORD's temple. They consecrated the LORD's temple for eight days, and on the sixteenth day of the first month they finished.
King Hezekiah got up early, gathered the city officials, and went to the LORD's temple.
Hezekiah concluded, “Now you are consecrated[fn] to the LORD. Come near and bring sacrifices and thanksgiving offerings to the LORD's temple.” So the congregation brought sacrifices and thanksgiving offerings, and all those with willing hearts brought burnt offerings.
The number of burnt offerings the congregation brought was seventy bulls, one hundred rams, and two hundred lambs; all these were for a burnt offering to the LORD.
Then Hezekiah sent word throughout all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh to come to the LORD's temple in Jerusalem to observe the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel.
because they were not able to observe it at the appropriate time. Not enough of the priests had consecrated themselves, and the people hadn't been gathered together in Jerusalem.
So the couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the hand of the king and his officials, and according to the king's command, saying, “Israelites, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel so that he may return to those of you who remain, who have escaped the grasp of the kings of Assyria.
“Don't be like your ancestors and your brothers who were unfaithful to the LORD, the God of their ancestors so that he made them an object of horror as you yourselves see.
“for when you return to the LORD, your brothers and your sons will receive mercy in the presence of their captors and will return to this land. For the LORD your God is gracious and merciful; he will not turn his face away from you if you return to him.”
But some from Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and came to Jerusalem.
A very large assembly of people was gathered in Jerusalem to observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread in the second month.
They proceeded to take away the altars that were in Jerusalem, and they took away the incense altars and threw them into the Kidron Valley.
They slaughtered the Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the second month. The priests and Levites were ashamed, and they consecrated themselves and brought burnt offerings to the LORD's temple.
for King Hezekiah of Judah contributed one thousand bulls and seven thousand sheep for the congregation. Also, the officials contributed one thousand bulls and ten thousand sheep for the congregation, and many priests consecrated themselves.
Then the priests and the Levites stood to bless the people, and God heard them, and their prayer came into his holy dwelling place in heaven.
When all this was completed, all Israel who had attended went out to the cities of Judah and broke up the sacred pillars, chopped down the Asherah poles, and tore down the high places and altars throughout Judah and Benjamin, as well as in Ephraim and Manasseh, to the last one.[fn] Then all the Israelites returned to their cities, each to his own possession.
Hezekiah reestablished the divisions of the priests and Levites for the burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, for ministry, for giving thanks, and for praise in the gates of the camp of the LORD, each division corresponding to his service among the priests and Levites.
The king contributed[fn] from his own possessions for the regular morning and evening burnt offerings, the burnt offerings of the Sabbaths, of the New Moons, and of the appointed feasts, as written in the law of the LORD.
When the word spread, the Israelites gave liberally of the best of the grain, new wine, fresh oil, honey, and of all the produce of the field, and they brought in an abundance, a tenth of everything.
The chief priest Azariah, of the household of Zadok, answered him, “Since they began bringing the offering to the LORD's temple, we have been eating and are satisfied and there is plenty left over because the LORD has blessed his people; this abundance is what is left over.”
Hezekiah told them to prepare chambers in the LORD's temple, and they prepared them.
In addition, they distributed it to males registered by genealogy three[fn] years old and above; to all who would enter the LORD's temple for their daily duty, for their service in their responsibilities according to their divisions.
to those registered by genealogy — with all their dependents, wives, sons, and daughters — of the whole assembly (for they had faithfully consecrated themselves as holy);
He set military commanders over the people and gathered the people in the square of the city gate. Then he encouraged them,[fn] saying,
“Isn't Hezekiah misleading you to give you over to death by famine and thirst when he says, “The LORD our God will keep us from the grasp of the king of Assyria”?
King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz prayed about this and cried out to heaven,
and the LORD sent an angel who annihilated every valiant warrior, leader, and commander in the camp of the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria returned in disgrace to his land. He went to the temple of his god, and there some of his own children struck him down with the sword.
Many were bringing an offering to the LORD to Jerusalem and valuable gifts to King Hezekiah of Judah, and he was exalted in the eyes of all the nations after that.
Hezekiah had abundant riches and glory, and he made himself treasuries for silver, gold, precious stones, spices, shields, and every desirable item.
He made warehouses for the harvest of grain, new wine, and fresh oil, and stalls for all kinds of cattle, and pens for flocks.
He made cities for himself, and he acquired vast numbers of flocks and herds, for God gave him abundant possessions.
He built altars in the LORD's temple, where the LORD had said, “Jerusalem is where my name will remain forever.”
Manasseh set up a carved image of the idol, which he had made, in God's temple that God had spoken about to David and his son Solomon: “I will establish my name forever[fn] in this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel.
So he brought against them the military commanders of the king of Assyria. They captured Manasseh with hooks, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon.
He prayed to him, and the LORD was receptive to his prayer. He granted his request and brought him back to Jerusalem, to his kingdom. So Manasseh came to know that the LORD is God.
After this, he built the outer wall of the city of David from west of Gihon in the valley to the entrance of the Fish Gate; he brought it around Ophel, and he heightened it considerably. He also placed military commanders in all the fortified cities of Judah.
He tore down the altars, and he smashed the Asherah poles and the carved images to powder. He chopped down all the shrines throughout the land of Israel and returned to Jerusalem.
So they went to the high priest Hilkiah and gave him the silver brought into God's temple. The Levites and the doorkeepers had collected it from Manasseh, Ephraim, and from the entire remnant of Israel, and from all Judah, Benjamin, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
they gave it to the carpenters and builders and also used it to buy quarried stone and timbers — for joining and making beams — for the buildings that Judah's kings had destroyed.
When they brought out the silver that had been deposited in the LORD's temple, the priest Hilkiah found the book of the law of the LORD written by the hand of Moses.
The king went up to the LORD's temple with all the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, as well as the priests and the Levites — all the people from the oldest to the youngest. He read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant that had been found in the LORD's temple.
He appointed the priests to their responsibilities and encouraged them to serve in the LORD's temple.
He said to the Levites who taught all Israel the holy things of the LORD, “Put the holy ark in the temple built by Solomon son of David king of Israel. Since you do not have to carry it on your shoulders, now serve the LORD your God and his people Israel.
Then Josiah donated thirty thousand sheep, lambs, and young goats, plus three thousand cattle from his own possessions, for the Passover sacrifices for all the lay people who were present.
His officials also donated willingly for the people, the priests, and the Levites. Hilkiah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, chief officials of God's temple, gave twenty-six hundred Passover sacrifices and three hundred cattle for the priests.
Conaniah and his brothers Shemaiah and Nethanel, and Hashabiah, Jeiel, and Jozabad, officers of the Levites, donated five thousand Passover sacrifices for the Levites, plus five hundred cattle.
They removed the burnt offerings so that they might be given to the groupings of the ancestral families[fn] of the lay people to offer to the LORD, according to what is written in the book of Moses; they did the same with the cattle.
After all this that Josiah had prepared for the temple, King Neco of Egypt marched up to fight at Carchemish by the Euphrates, and Josiah went out to confront him.
So his servants took him out of the war chariot, carried him in his second chariot, and brought him to Jerusalem. Then he died, and they buried him in the tomb of his ancestors. All Judah and Jerusalem mourned for Josiah.
Jeremiah chanted a dirge over Josiah, and all the male and female singers still speak of Josiah in their dirges today. They established them as a statute for Israel, and indeed they are written in the Dirges.
Then the common people[fn] took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father.
Then King Neco of Egypt made Jehoahaz's brother Eliakim king over Judah and Jerusalem and changed Eliakim's name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took his brother Jehoahaz and brought him to Egypt.
Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD his God.
Now King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon attacked him and bound him in bronze shackles to take him to Babylon.
Also Nebuchadnezzar took some of the articles of the LORD's temple to Babylon and put them in his temple in Babylon.
In the spring[fn] Nebuchadnezzar sent for him and brought him to Babylon along with the valuable articles of the LORD's temple. Then he made Jehoiachin's brother Zedekiah king over Judah and Jerusalem.
He took everything to Babylon — all the articles of God's temple, large and small, the treasures of the LORD's temple, and the treasures of the king and his officials.
Then the Chaldeans burned God's temple. They tore down Jerusalem's wall, burned all its palaces, and destroyed all its valuable articles.
He deported those who escaped from the sword to Babylon, and they became servants to him and his sons until the rise of the Persian[fn] kingdom.
This fulfilled the word of the LORD through Jeremiah, and the land enjoyed its Sabbath rest all the days of the desolation until seventy years were fulfilled.
“Any of his people among you, may his God be with him, and may he go to Jerusalem in Judah and build the house of the LORD, the God of Israel, the God who is in Jerusalem.
“Let every survivor, wherever he resides, be assisted by the men of that region with silver, gold, goods, and livestock, along with a freewill offering for the house of God in Jerusalem.”
The gold and silver articles totaled 5,400. Sheshbazzar brought all of them when the exiles went up from Babylon to Jerusalem.
These now are the people of the province who came from those captive exiles King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon[fn] had deported to Babylon. They returned to Jerusalem and Judah, each to his own town.
After they arrived at the LORD's house in Jerusalem, some of the family heads gave freewill offerings for the house of God in order to have it rebuilt on its original site.
When the seventh month arrived, and the Israelites were in their towns, the people gathered as one in Jerusalem.
They set up the altar on its foundation and offered burnt offerings for the morning and evening on it to the LORD even though they feared the surrounding peoples.
In the second month of the second year after they arrived at God's house in Jerusalem, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, Jeshua son of Jozadak, and the rest of their brothers, including the priests, the Levites, and all who had returned to Jerusalem from the captivity, began to build. They appointed the Levites who were twenty years old or more to supervise the work on the LORD's house.
They sang with praise and thanksgiving to the LORD: “For he is good; his faithful love to Israel endures forever.” Then all the people gave a great shout of praise to the LORD because the foundation of the LORD's house had been laid.
Let it be known to the king that the Jews who came from you have returned to us at Jerusalem. They are rebuilding that rebellious and evil city, finishing its walls, and repairing its foundations.
See that you not neglect this matter. Otherwise, the damage will increase and the royal interests[fn] will suffer.
As soon as the text of King Artaxerxes's letter was read to Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and their colleagues, they immediately went to the Jews in Jerusalem and forcibly stopped them.
Let it be known to the king that we went to the house of the great God in the province of Judah. It is being built with cut[fn] stones, and its beams are being set in the walls. This work is being done diligently and succeeding through the people's efforts.
But since our ancestors angered the God of the heavens, he handed them over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this temple and deported the people to Babylon.
He also took from the temple in Babylon the gold and silver articles of God's house that Nebuchadnezzar had taken from the temple in Jerusalem and carried them to the temple in Babylon. He released them from the temple in Babylon to a man named Sheshbazzar, the governor by the appointment of King Cyrus.
Cyrus told him, “Take these articles, put them in the temple in Jerusalem, and let the house of God be rebuilt on its original site.”
The gold and silver articles of God's house that Nebuchadnezzar took from the temple in Jerusalem and carried to Babylon must also be returned. They are to be brought to the temple in Jerusalem where they belong[fn] and put into the house of God.
Whatever is needed — young bulls, rams, and lambs for burnt offerings to the God of the heavens, or wheat, salt, wine, and oil, as requested by the priests in Jerusalem — let it be given to them every day without fail,
so that they can offer sacrifices of pleasing aroma to the God of the heavens and pray for the life of the king and his sons.
For the dedication of God's house they offered one hundred bulls, two hundred rams, and four hundred lambs, as well as twelve male goats as a sin offering for all Israel — one for each Israelite tribe.
Some of the Israelites, priests, Levites, singers, gatekeepers, and temple servants accompanied him to Jerusalem in the seventh year of King Artaxerxes.
He began the journey from Babylon on the first day of the first month and arrived in Jerusalem on the first day of the fifth month since the gracious hand of his God was on him.
I issue a decree that any of the Israelites in my kingdom, including their priests and Levites, who want to go to Jerusalem, may go with you.
You are sent by the king and his seven counselors to evaluate Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God, which is in your possession.
You are also to bring the silver and gold the king and his counselors have willingly given to the God of Israel, whose dwelling is in Jerusalem,
and all the silver and gold you receive throughout the province of Babylon, together with the freewill offerings given by the people and the priests to the house of their God in Jerusalem.
Deliver to the God of Jerusalem all the articles given to you for the service of the house of your God.
Whatever is commanded by the God of the heavens must be done diligently for the house of the God of the heavens, so that wrath will not fall on the realm of the king and his sons.
Anyone who does not keep the law of your God and the law of the king, let the appropriate judgment be executed against him, whether death, banishment, confiscation of property, or imprisonment.
I sent them to Iddo, the leader at Casiphia, with a message for[fn] him and his brothers, the temple servants at Casiphia, that they should bring us ministers for the house of our God.
There were also 220 of the temple servants, who had been appointed by David and the leaders for the work of the Levites. All were identified by name.
I did this because I was ashamed to ask the king for infantry and cavalry to protect us from enemies during the journey, since we had told him, “The hand of our God is gracious to all who seek him, but his fierce anger is against all who abandon him.”
twenty gold bowls worth a thousand gold coins,[fn] and two articles of fine gleaming bronze, as valuable as gold.
“Guard them carefully until you weigh them out in the chambers of the LORD's house before the leading priests, Levites, and heads of the Israelite families in Jerusalem.”
So the priests and Levites took charge of the silver, the gold, and the articles that had been weighed out, to bring them to the house of our God in Jerusalem.
We set out from the Ahava River on the twelfth day of the first month to go to Jerusalem. We were strengthened by our God,[fn] and he kept us from the grasp of the enemy and from ambush along the way.
And I said:
My God, I am ashamed and embarrassed to lift my face toward you, my God, because our iniquities are higher than our heads and our guilt is as high as the heavens.
But now, for a brief moment, grace has come from the LORD our God to preserve a remnant for us and give us a stake in his holy place. Even in our slavery, God has given us a little relief and light to our eyes.
you gave through your servants the prophets, saying, “The land you are entering to possess is an impure land. The surrounding peoples have filled it from end to end with their uncleanness by their impurity and detestable practices.
Ezra then went from the house of God and walked to the chamber of Jehohanan son of Eliashib, where he spent the night.[fn] He did not eat food or drink water, because he was mourning over the unfaithfulness of the exiles.
They circulated a proclamation throughout Judah and Jerusalem that all the exiles should gather at Jerusalem.
Whoever did not come within three days would forfeit all his possessions,[fn] according to the decision of the leaders and elders, and would be excluded from the assembly of the exiles.
So all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered in Jerusalem within the three days. On the twentieth day of the ninth month, all the people sat in the square at the house of God, trembling because of this matter and because of the heavy rain.
“But there are many people, and it is the rainy season. We don't have the stamina to stay out in the open. This isn't something that can be done in a day or two, for we have rebelled terribly in this matter.
“Let our leaders represent the entire assembly. Then let all those in our towns who have married foreign women come at appointed times, together with the elders and judges of each town, in order to avert the fierce anger of our God concerning[fn] this matter.”
“But if you return to me and carefully observe my commands, even though your exiles were banished to the farthest horizon,[fn] I will gather them from there and bring them to the place where I chose to have my name dwell.”
Please, Lord, let your ear be attentive to the prayer of your servant and to that of your servants who delight to revere your name. Give your servant success today, and grant him compassion in the presence of this man.[fn]
At the time, I was the king's cupbearer.
and replied to the king, “May the king live forever! Why should I[fn] not be sad when the city where my ancestors are buried lies in ruins and its gates have been destroyed by fire? ”
and answered the king, “If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor with you, send me to Judah and to the city where my ancestors are buried,[fn] so that I may rebuild it.”
“And let me have a letter written to Asaph, keeper of the king's forest, so that he will give me timber to rebuild the gates of the temple's fortress, the city wall, and the home where I will live.”[fn] The king granted my requests, for the gracious hand of my God was on me.
I got up at night and took a few men with me. I didn't tell anyone what my God had laid on my heart to do for Jerusalem. The only animal I took[fn] was the one I was riding.
I went out at night through the Valley Gate toward the Serpent's[fn] Well and the Dung Gate, and I inspected the walls of Jerusalem that had been broken down and its gates that had been destroyed by fire.
I went on to the Fountain Gate and the King's Pool, but farther down it became too narrow for my animal to go through.
I told them how the gracious hand of my God had been on me, and what the king had said to me.
They said, “Let's start rebuilding,” and their hands were strengthened[fn] to do this good work.
Beside them the Tekoites made repairs, but their nobles did not lift a finger to help[fn] their supervisors.
and the temple servants living on Ophel made repairs opposite the Water Gate toward the east and the tower that juts out.
Listen, our God, for we are despised. Make their insults return on their own heads and let them be taken as plunder to a land of captivity.
And our enemies said, “They won't realize it[fn] until we're among them and can kill them and stop the work.”
So I stationed people behind the lowest sections of the wall, at the vulnerable areas. I stationed them by families with their swords, spears, and bows.
When our enemies heard that we knew their scheme and that God had frustrated it, every one of us returned to his own work on the wall.
Still others were saying, “We have borrowed money to pay the king's tax on our fields and vineyards.
“We and our children are just like our countrymen and their children, yet we are subjecting our sons and daughters to slavery. Some of our daughters are already enslaved, but we are powerless[fn] because our fields and vineyards belong to others.”
Furthermore, from the day King Artaxerxes appointed me to be their governor in the land of Judah — from the twentieth year until his thirty-second year, twelve years — I and my associates never ate from the food allotted to the governor.
Each[fn] day, one ox, six choice sheep, and some fowl were prepared for me. An abundance of all kinds of wine was provided every ten days. But I didn't demand the food allotted to the governor, because the burden on the people was so heavy.
In it was written:
It is reported among the nations — and Geshem[fn] agrees — that you and the Jews plan to rebel. This is the reason you are building the wall. According to these reports, you are to become their king
and have even set up the prophets in Jerusalem to proclaim on your behalf, “There is a king in Judah.” These rumors will be heard by the king. So come, let's confer together.
I went to the house of Shemaiah son of Delaiah, son of Mehetabel, who was restricted to his house. He said:
Let's meet at the house of God,
inside the temple.
Let's shut the temple doors
because they're coming to kill you.
They're coming to kill you tonight![fn]
But I said, “Should a man like me run away? How can someone like me enter the temple and live? I will not go.”
He was hired, so that I would be intimidated, do as he suggested, sin, and get a bad reputation, in order that they could discredit me.
For many in Judah were bound by oath to him, since he was a son-in-law of Shecaniah son of Arah, and his son Jehohanan had married the daughter of Meshullam son of Berechiah.
Then my God put it into my mind to assemble the nobles, the officials, and the people to be registered by genealogy. I found the genealogical record of those who came back first, and I found the following written in it:
These are the people of the province who went up among the captive exiles deported by King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. Each of them returned to Jerusalem and Judah, to his own town.
Some of the family heads contributed to the project. The governor gave 1,000 gold coins,[fn] 50 bowls, and 530 priestly garments to the treasury.
Some of the family heads gave 20,000 gold coins and 2,200 silver minas to the treasury for the project.
all the people gathered together at the square in front of the Water Gate. They asked the scribe Ezra to bring the book of the law of Moses that the LORD had given Israel.
While he was facing the square in front of the Water Gate, he read out of it from daybreak until noon before the men, the women, and those who could understand. All the people listened attentively[fn] to the book of the law.
Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, and Pelaiah, who were Levites,[fn] explained the law to the people as they stood in their places.
So they proclaimed and spread this news throughout their towns and in Jerusalem, saying, “Go out to the hill country and bring back branches of olive, wild olive, myrtle, palm, and other leafy trees to make shelters, just as it is written.”
You divided the sea before them,
and they crossed through it on dry ground.
You hurled their pursuers into the depths
like a stone into raging water.
You provided bread from heaven for their hunger;
you brought them water from the rock for their thirst.
You told them to go in and possess the land
you had sworn[fn] to give them.
They refused to listen
and did not remember your wonders
you performed among them.
They became stiff-necked and appointed a leader
to return to their slavery in Egypt.[fn]
But you are a forgiving God,
gracious and compassionate,
slow to anger and abounding in faithful love,
and you did not abandon them.
You multiplied their descendants
like the stars of the sky
and brought them to the land
you told their ancestors to go in and possess.
So their descendants went in and possessed the land:
You subdued the Canaanites who inhabited the land before them
and handed their kings and the surrounding peoples over to them,
to do as they pleased with them.
They captured fortified cities and fertile land
and took possession of well-supplied houses,
cisterns cut out of rock, vineyards,
olive groves, and fruit trees in abundance.
They ate, were filled,
became prosperous, and delighted in your great goodness.
But as soon as they had relief,
they again did what was evil in your sight.
So you abandoned them to the power of their enemies,
who dominated them.
When they cried out to you again,
you heard from heaven and rescued them
many times in your compassion.
You warned them to turn back to your law,
but they acted arrogantly
and would not obey your commands.
They sinned against your ordinances,
which a person will live by if he does them.
They stubbornly resisted,[fn]
stiffened their necks, and would not obey.
We will impose the following commands on ourselves:
To give an eighth of an ounce of silver[fn] yearly for the service of the house of our God:
the bread displayed before the LORD,[fn] the daily grain offering, the regular burnt offering, the Sabbath and New Moon offerings, the appointed festivals, the holy things, the sin offerings to atone for Israel, and for all the work of the house of our God.
We have cast lots among the priests, Levites, and people for the donation of wood by our ancestral families[fn] at the appointed times each year. They are to bring the wood to our God's house to burn on the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law.
We will bring the firstfruits of our land and of every fruit tree to the LORD's house year by year.
We will also bring the firstborn of our sons and our livestock, as prescribed by the law, and will bring the firstborn of our herds and flocks to the house of our God, to the priests who serve in our God's house.
We will bring a loaf from our first batch of dough to the priests at the storerooms of the house of our God. We will also bring the firstfruits of our grain offerings, of every fruit tree, and of the new wine and fresh oil. A tenth of our land's produce belongs to the Levites, for the Levites are to collect the one-tenth offering in all our agricultural towns.
A priest from Aaron's descendants is to accompany the Levites when they collect the tenth, and the Levites are to take a tenth of this offering to the storerooms of the treasury in the house of our God.
For the Israelites and the Levites are to bring the contributions of grain, new wine, and fresh oil to the storerooms where the articles of the sanctuary are kept and where the priests who minister are, along with the gatekeepers and singers. We will not neglect the house of our God.
Pethahiah son of Meshezabel, of the descendants of Zerah son of Judah, was the king's agent[fn] in every matter concerning the people.
The heads of the Levites — Hashabiah, Sherebiah, and Jeshua son of Kadmiel, along with their relatives opposite them — gave praise and thanks, division by division, as David the man of God had prescribed.
At the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem, they sent for the Levites wherever they lived and brought them to Jerusalem to celebrate the joyous dedication with thanksgiving and singing accompanied by cymbals, harps, and lyres.
The singers gathered from the region around Jerusalem, from the settlements of the Netophathites,
because they did not meet the Israelites with food and water. Instead, they hired Balaam against them to curse them, but our God turned the curse into a blessing.
so I could return to Jerusalem. Then I discovered the evil that Eliashib had done on behalf of Tobiah by providing him a room in the courts of God's house.
I also found out that because the portions for the Levites had not been given, each of the Levites and the singers performing the service had gone back to his own field.
Then all Judah brought a tenth of the grain, new wine, and fresh oil into the storehouses.
At that time I saw people in Judah treading winepresses on the Sabbath. They were also bringing in stores of grain and loading them on donkeys, along with wine, grapes, and figs. All kinds of goods were being brought to Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. So I warned them against selling food on that day.
“Didn't King Solomon of Israel sin in matters like this? There was not a king like him among many nations. He was loved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel, yet foreign women drew him into sin.
I also arranged for the donation of wood at the appointed times and for the firstfruits.
Remember me, my God, with favor.
At the end of this time, the king held a week-long banquet in the garden courtyard of the royal palace for all the people, from the greatest to the least, who were present in the fortress of Susa.
He sent letters to all the royal provinces, to each province in its own script and to each ethnic group in its own language, that every man should be master of his own house and speak in the language of his own people.
“Let the king appoint commissioners in each province of his kingdom, so that they may gather all the beautiful young virgins to the harem at the fortress of Susa. Put them under the supervision of Hegai, the king's eunuch, keeper of the women, and give them the required beauty treatments.
Mordecai was the legal guardian of his cousin[fn] Hadassah (that is, Esther), because she had no father or mother. The young woman had a beautiful figure and was extremely good-looking. When her father and mother died, Mordecai had adopted her as his own daughter.
When the king's command and edict became public knowledge and when many young women were gathered at the fortress of Susa under Hegai's supervision, Esther was taken to the palace, into the supervision of Hegai, keeper of the women.
She would go in the evening, and in the morning she would return to a second harem under the supervision of the king's eunuch Shaashgaz, keeper of the concubines. She never went to the king again, unless he desired her and summoned her by name.
When the report was investigated and verified, both men were hanged on the gallows. This event was recorded in the Historical Record in the king's presence.
In the first month, the month of Nisan, in King Ahasuerus's twelfth year, the pur — that is, the lot — was cast before Haman for each day in each month, and it fell on the twelfth month, the month Adar.
“If the king approves, let an order be drawn up authorizing their destruction, and I will pay 375 tons of silver to[fn] the officials for deposit in the royal treasury.”
The king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.
Letters were sent by couriers to each of the royal provinces telling the officials to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jewish people — young and old, women and children — and plunder their possessions on a single day, the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month.[fn]
A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so that they might get ready for that day.
The couriers left, spurred on by royal command, and the law was issued in the fortress of Susa. The king and Haman sat down to drink, while the city of Susa was in confusion.
He went only as far as the King's Gate, since the law prohibited anyone wearing sackcloth from entering the King's Gate.
Mordecai told him everything that had happened as well as the exact amount of money Haman had promised to pay the royal treasury for the slaughter of the Jews.
Mordecai also gave him a copy of the written decree issued in Susa ordering their destruction, so that Hathach might show it to Esther, explain it to her, and command her to approach the king, implore his favor, and plead with him personally for her people.
“All the royal officials and the people of the royal provinces know that one law applies to every man or woman who approaches the king in the inner courtyard and who has not been summoned — the death penalty — unless the king extends the gold scepter, allowing that person to live. I have not been summoned to appear before the king for the last[fn] thirty days.”
“If you keep silent at this time, relief and deliverance will come to the Jewish people from another place, but you and your father's family will be destroyed. Who knows, perhaps you have come to your royal position for such a time as this.”
On the third day, Esther dressed in her royal clothing and stood in the inner courtyard of the palace facing it. The king was sitting on his royal throne in the royal courtroom,[fn] facing its entrance.
“If it pleases the king,” Esther replied, “may the king and Haman come today to the banquet I have prepared for them.”
The king said, “Hurry, and get Haman so we can do as Esther has requested.” So the king and Haman went to the banquet Esther had prepared.
“If I have found favor in the eyes of the king, and if it pleases the king to grant my petition and perform my request, may the king and Haman come to the banquet I will prepare for them. Tomorrow I will do what the king has asked.”
Yet Haman controlled himself and went home. He sent for his friends and his wife Zeresh to join him.
“What's more,” Haman added, “Queen Esther invited no one but me to join the king at the banquet she had prepared. I am invited again tomorrow to join her with the king.
His wife Zeresh and all his friends told him, “Have them build a gallows seventy-five feet[fn] tall. Ask the king in the morning to hang Mordecai on it. Then go to the banquet with the king and enjoy yourself.” The advice pleased Haman, so he had the gallows constructed.
Then Mordecai returned to the King's Gate, but Haman hurried off for home, mournful and with his head covered.
“For my people and I have been sold to destruction, death, and annihilation. If we had merely been sold as male and female slaves, I would have kept silent. Indeed, the trouble wouldn't be worth burdening the king.”
The king arose in anger and went from where they were drinking wine to the palace garden.[fn] Haman remained to beg Queen Esther for his life because he realized the king was planning something terrible for him.
A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so the Jews could be ready to avenge themselves against their enemies on that day.
Mordecai recorded these events and sent letters to all the Jews in all of King Ahasuerus's provinces, both near and far.
because during those days the Jews gained relief from their enemies. That was the month when their sorrow was turned into rejoicing and their mourning into a holiday. They were to be days of feasting, rejoicing, and of sending gifts to one another and to the poor.
These days are remembered and celebrated by every generation, family, province, and city, so that these days of Purim will not lose their significance in Jewish life[fn] and their memory will not fade from their descendants.
So Esther's command confirmed these customs of Purim, which were then written into the record.
All of his powerful and magnificent accomplishments and the detailed account of Mordecai's great rank with which the king had honored him, have they not been written in the Book of the Historical Events of the Kings of Media and Persia?
“But stretch out your hand and strike everything he owns, and he will surely curse you to your face.”
“But stretch out your hand and strike his flesh and bones, and he will surely curse you to your face.”
His wife said to him, “Are you still holding on to your integrity? Curse God and die! ”
If only that day had turned to darkness!
May God above not care about it,
or light shine on it.
May its morning stars grow dark.
May it wait for daylight but have none;
may it not see the breaking[fn] of dawn.
As a cloud fades away and vanishes,
so the one who goes down to Sheol will never rise again.
What is a mere human, that you think so highly of him
and pay so much attention to him?
Why not forgive my sin
and pardon my iniquity?
For soon I will lie down in the grave.
You will eagerly seek me, but I will be gone.
For he is not a man like me, that I can answer him,
that we can take each other to court.
“If I am proud,[fn] you hunt me like a lion
and again display your miraculous power against me.
“It is a land of blackness like the deepest darkness,
gloomy and chaotic,
where even the light is like[fn] the darkness.”
The one who is at ease holds calamity in contempt
and thinks it is prepared for those whose feet are slipping.
He reveals mysteries from the darkness
and brings the deepest darkness into the light.
Yes, this will result in my deliverance,
for no godless person can appear before him.
You put my feet in the stocks
and stand watch over all my paths,
setting a limit for the soles[fn] of my feet.
Since a person's days are determined
and the number of his months depends on you,
and since you have set[fn] limits he cannot pass,
You completely overpower him, and he passes on;
you change his appearance and send him away.
He wanders about for food, asking, “Where is it? ”
He knows the day of darkness is at hand.
he will dwell in ruined cities,
in abandoned houses destined to become piles of rubble.
You have shriveled me up[fn] — it has become a witness;
my frailty rises up against me and testifies to my face.
They open their mouths against me
and strike my cheeks with contempt;
they join themselves together against me.
he will vanish forever like his own dung.
Those who know[fn] him will ask, “Where is he? ”
He must return the fruit of his labor without consuming it;
he doesn't enjoy the profits from his trading.
The possessions in his house will be removed,
flowing away on the day of God's anger.
Indeed, the evil person is spared from the day of disaster,
rescued from the day of wrath.
Then an upright man could reason with him,
and I would escape from my Judge[fn] forever.
Like wild donkeys in the wilderness,
the poor go out to their task of foraging for food;
the desert provides nourishment for their children.
The murderer rises at dawn
to kill the poor and needy,
and by night he becomes a thief.
If this is not true, then who can prove me a liar
and show that my speech is worthless?
Even if his children increase, they are destined for the sword;
his descendants will never have enough food.
He dams up the streams from flowing[fn]
so that he may bring to light what is hidden.
and to be gracious to him and say,
“Spare him from going down to the Pit;
I have found a ransom,”
“He redeemed my soul from going down to the Pit,
and I will continue to see the light.”
He does not withdraw his gaze from the righteous,
but he seats them forever with enthroned kings,
and they are exalted.
They swirl about,
turning round and round at his direction,
accomplishing everything he commands them
over the surface of the inhabited world.
What road leads to the place where light is dispersed?[fn]
Where is the source of the east wind that spreads across the earth?
She treats her young harshly, as if they were not her own,
with no fear that her labor may have been in vain.
Though the river rages, Behemoth is unafraid;
he remains confident, even if the Jordan surges up to his mouth.
Who can strip off his outer covering?
Who can penetrate his double layer of armor?[fn]
After Job had prayed for his friends, the LORD restored his fortunes and doubled his previous possessions.
Answer me when I call,
God, who vindicates me.[fn]
You freed me from affliction;
be gracious to me and hear my prayer.
But I enter your house
by the abundance of your faithful love;
I bow down toward your holy temple
in reverential awe of you.
But let all who take refuge in you rejoice;
let them shout for joy forever.
May you shelter them,
and may those who love your name boast about you.
may an enemy pursue and overtake me;
may he trample me to the ground
and leave my honor in the dust.Selah
His trouble comes back on his own head;
his own violence comes down on top of his head.
LORD, our Lord,
how magnificent is your name throughout the earth!
You have covered the heavens with your majesty.[fn]
You have rebuked the nations:
You have destroyed the wicked;
you have erased their name forever and ever.
The enemy has come to eternal ruin;
you have uprooted the cities,
and the very memory of them has perished.
For the needy will not always be forgotten;
the hope of the oppressed[fn] will not perish forever.
He says to himself, “I will never be moved —
from generation to generation I will be without calamity.”
He waits in ambush near settlements;
he kills the innocent in secret places.
His eyes are on the lookout for the helpless;
But you yourself have seen trouble and grief,
observing it in order to take the matter into your hands.
The helpless one entrusts himself to you;
you are a helper of the fatherless.
“For look, the wicked string bows;
they put their arrows on bowstrings
to shoot from the shadows at the upright in heart.
Help, LORD, for no faithful one remains;
the loyal have disappeared from the human race.[fn]
Consider me and answer, LORD my God.
Restore brightness to my eyes;
otherwise, I will sleep in death.
The fool says in his heart, “There's no God.”
They are corrupt; they do vile deeds.
There is no one who does good.
who does not lend his silver at interest
or take a bribe against the innocent —
the one who does these things will never be shaken.
For you will not abandon me to Sheol;
you will not allow your faithful one to see decay.
You reveal the path of life to me;
in your presence is abundant joy;
at your right hand are eternal pleasures.
I called to the LORD in my distress,
and I cried to my God for help.
From his temple he heard my voice,
and my cry to him reached his ears.
You have given me the shield of your salvation;
your right hand upholds me,
and your humility exalts me.
You have freed me from the feuds among the people;
you have appointed me the head of nations;
a people I had not known serve me.
The heavens declare the glory of God,
and the expanse proclaims the work of his hands.
Their message[fn] has gone out to the whole earth,
and their words to the ends of the world.
In the heavens he has pitched a tent for the sun.
The fear of the LORD is pure,
enduring forever;
the ordinances of the LORD are reliable
and altogether righteous.
May the words of my mouth
and the meditation of my heart
be acceptable to you,
LORD, my rock and my Redeemer.
You will make them burn
like a fiery furnace when you appear;
the LORD will engulf them in his wrath,
and fire will devour them.
My God, my God, why have you abandoned me?
Why are you so far from my deliverance
and from my words of groaning?
My strength is dried up like baked clay;
my tongue sticks to the roof of my mouth.
You put me into the dust of death.
The humble will eat and be satisfied;
those who seek the LORD will praise him.
May your hearts live forever!
All who prosper on earth will eat and bow down;
all those who go down to the dust
will kneel before him —
even the one who cannot preserve his life.
Do not give me over to the will of my foes,
for false witnesses rise up against me,
breathing violence.
LORD, I call to you;
my rock, do not be deaf to me.
If you remain silent to me,
I will be like those going down to the Pit.
Because they do not consider
what the LORD has done
or the work of his hands,
he will tear them down and not rebuild them.
I will exalt you, LORD,
because you have lifted me up
and have not allowed my enemies
to triumph over me.
For his anger lasts only a moment,
but his favor, a lifetime.
Weeping may stay overnight,
but there is joy in the morning.
“What gain is there in my death,
if I go down to the Pit?
Will the dust praise you?
Will it proclaim your truth?
You turned my lament into dancing;
you removed my sackcloth
and clothed me with gladness,
Listen closely to me; rescue me quickly.
Be a rock of refuge for me,
a mountain fortress to save me.
For day and night your hand was heavy on me;
my strength was drained[fn]
as in the summer's heat.Selah
The counsel of the LORD stands forever,
the plans of his heart from generation to generation.
Happy is the nation whose God is the LORD —
the people he has chosen to be his own possession!
The eyes of the LORD are on the righteous,
and his ears are open to their cry for help.
Let those who intend to take my life
be disgraced and humiliated;
let those who plan to harm me
be turned back and ashamed.
Yet when they were sick,
my clothing was sackcloth;
I humbled myself with fasting,
and my prayer was genuine.[fn]
An oracle within my heart
concerning the transgression of the wicked person:
Dread of God has no effect on him.[fn]
The LORD watches over the blameless all their days,
and their inheritance will last forever.
For the LORD loves justice
and will not abandon his faithful ones.
They are kept safe forever,
but the children of the wicked will be destroyed.
the LORD will not leave him
in the power of the wicked one
or allow him to be condemned when he is judged.
I said, “I will guard my ways
so that I may not sin with my tongue;
I will guard my mouth with a muzzle
as long as the wicked are in my presence.”
He put a new song in my mouth,
a hymn of praise to our God.
Many will see and fear,
and they will trust in the LORD.
How happy is anyone
who has put his trust in the LORD
and has not turned to the proud
or to those who run after lies!
Let those who intend to take my life
be disgraced and confounded.
Let those who wish me harm
be turned back and humiliated.
Happy is one who is considerate of the poor;
the LORD will save him in a day of adversity.
The LORD will keep him and preserve him;
he will be blessed in the land.
You will not give him over to the desire of his enemies.
Deep calls to deep in the roar of your waterfalls;
all your breakers and your billows have swept over me.
Send your light and your truth; let them lead me.
Let them bring me to your holy mountain,
to your dwelling place.
God, we have heard with our ears —
our ancestors have told us —
the work you accomplished in their days,
in days long ago:
You make us retreat from the foe,
and those who hate us
have taken plunder for themselves.
My heart is moved by a noble theme
as I recite my verses to the king;
my tongue is the pen of a skillful writer.
You are the most handsome of men;[fn]
grace flows from your lips.
Therefore God has blessed you forever.
Your throne, God, is[fn] forever and ever;
the scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of justice.
I will cause your name to be remembered for all generations;
therefore the peoples will praise you forever and ever.
Just as we heard, so we have seen
in the city of the LORD of Armies,
in the city of our God;
God will establish it forever.Selah
Their graves are their permanent homes,[fn]
their dwellings from generation to generation,
though they have named estates after themselves.
Be gracious to me, God,
according to your faithful love;
according to your abundant compassion,
blot out my rebellion.
This is why God will bring you down forever.
He will take you, ripping you out of your tent;
he will uproot you from the land of the living.Selah
But I am like a flourishing olive tree
in the house of God;
I trust in God's faithful love forever and ever.
I will praise you forever for what you have done.
In the presence of your faithful people,
I will put my hope in your name, for it is good.
The fool says in his heart, “There's no God.”
They are corrupt, and they do vile deeds.
There is no one who does good.
Let death take them by surprise;
let them go down to Sheol alive,
because evil is in their homes and within them.
Cast your burden on the LORD,
and he will sustain you;
he will never allow the righteous to be shaken.
God, you will bring them down
to the Pit of destruction;
men of bloodshed and treachery
will not live out half their days.
But I will trust in you.
Be gracious to me, God, for a man is trampling me;
he fights and oppresses me all day long.
Be gracious to me, God, be gracious to me,
for I take refuge in you.
I will seek refuge in the shadow of your wings
until danger passes.
He reaches down from heaven and saves me,
challenging the one who tramples me.Selah
God sends his faithful love and truth.
They prepared a net for my steps;
I was despondent.
They dug a pit ahead of me,
but they fell into it!Selah
For no fault of mine,
they run and take up a position.
Awake to help me, and take notice.
I will dwell in your tent forever
and take refuge under the shelter of your wings.Selah
May he sit enthroned before God forever.
Appoint faithful love and truth to guard him.
They will be given over to the power of the sword;
they will become a meal for jackals.
God, hear my voice when I am in anguish.
Protect my life from the terror of the enemy.
He turned the sea into dry land,
and they crossed the river on foot.
There we rejoiced in him.
You let men ride over our heads;
we went through fire and water,
but you brought us out to abundance.[fn]
Why gaze with envy, you mountain peaks,
at the mountain God desired for his abode?
The LORD will dwell there forever!
I have sunk in deep mud, and there is no footing;
I have come into deep water,
and a flood sweeps over me.
Instead, they gave me gall for my food,
and for my thirst
they gave me vinegar to drink.
Let those who seek to kill me
be disgraced and confounded;
let those who wish me harm
be turned back and humiliated.
Be a rock of refuge for me,
where I can always go.
Give the command to save me,
for you are my rock and fortress.
May his name endure forever;
as long as the sun shines,
may his fame increase.
May all nations be blessed by him
and call him blessed.
Blessed be his glorious name forever;
the whole earth is filled with his glory.
Amen and amen.
Why have you rejected us forever, God?
Why does your anger burn
against the sheep of your pasture?
Make your way[fn] to the perpetual ruins,
to all that the enemy has destroyed in the sanctuary.
Do not give to beasts the life of your dove;[fn]
do not forget the lives of your poor people forever.
We give thanks to you, God;
we give thanks to you, for your name is near.
People tell about your wondrous works.
For there is a cup in the LORD's hand,
full of wine blended with spices, and he pours from it.
All the wicked of the earth will drink,
draining it to the dregs.
We will not hide them from their children,
but will tell a future generation
the praiseworthy acts of the LORD,
his might, and the wondrous works
he has performed.
He sent among them swarms of flies,
which fed on them,
and frogs, which devastated them.
He sent his burning anger against them:
fury, indignation, and calamity —
a band of deadly messengers.[fn]
He cleared a path for his anger.
He did not spare them from death
but delivered their lives to the plague.
They treacherously turned away like their ancestors;
they became warped like a faulty bow.
God, the nations have invaded your inheritance,
desecrated your holy temple,
and turned Jerusalem into ruins.
Then we, your people, the sheep of your pasture,
will thank you forever;
we will declare your praise
to generation after generation.
Listen, Shepherd of Israel,
who leads Joseph like a flock;
you who sit enthroned between the cherubim,
shine
Show me a sign of your goodness;
my enemies will see and be put to shame
because you, LORD, have helped and comforted me.
I will sing about the LORD's faithful love forever;
I will proclaim your faithfulness to all generations
with my mouth.
For I will declare,
“Faithful love is built up forever;
you establish your faithfulness in the heavens.”
“‘I will establish your offspring forever
and build up your throne for all generations.' ”Selah
“I will always preserve my faithful love for him,
and my covenant with him will endure.
You have repudiated the covenant with your servant;
you have completely dishonored his crown.[fn]
You have set our iniquities before you,
our secret sins in the light of your presence.
though the wicked sprout like grass
and all evildoers flourish,
they will be eternally destroyed.
The LORD reigns! He is robed in majesty;
the LORD is robed, enveloped in strength.
The world is firmly established;
it cannot be shaken.
LORD, your testimonies are completely reliable;
holiness adorns your house
for all the days to come.
for the administration of justice will again be righteous,
and all the upright in heart will follow[fn] it.
Exalt the LORD our God;
bow in worship at his holy mountain,
for the LORD our God is holy.
Enter his gates with thanksgiving
and his courts with praise.
Give thanks to him and bless his name.
For the LORD is good, and his faithful love endures forever;
his faithfulness, through all generations.
Every morning I will destroy
all the wicked of the land,
wiping out all evildoers from the LORD's city.
This will be written for a later generation,
and a people who have not yet been created will praise the LORD:
“Your servants' children will dwell securely,
and their offspring will be established before you.”
When you hide your face,
they are terrified;
when you take away their breath,
they die and return to the dust.
He remembers his covenant forever,
the promise he ordained
for a thousand generations —
Hallelujah!
Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good;
his faithful love endures forever.
and fruitful land into salty wasteland,
because of the wickedness of its inhabitants.
Let the line of his descendants be cut off;
let their name be blotted out in the next generation.
He wore cursing like his coat —
let it enter his body like water
and go into his bones like oil.
The LORD has sworn an oath and will not take it back:
“You are a priest forever
according to the pattern of Melchizedek.”
He has sent redemption to his people.
He has ordained his covenant forever.
His name is holy and awe-inspiring.
The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom;
all who follow his instructions[fn] have good insight.
His praise endures forever.
He distributes freely to the poor;
his righteousness endures forever.
His horn will be exalted in honor.
It is not the dead who praise the LORD,
nor any of those descending into the silence of death.
For his faithful love to us is great;
the LORD's faithfulness endures forever.
Hallelujah!
Let the arrogant be put to shame
for slandering me with lies;
I will meditate on your precepts.
My eyes grow weary
looking for what you have promised;
I ask, “When will you comfort me? ”
Your faithfulness is for all generations;
you established the earth, and it stands firm.
The entirety of your word is truth,
each of your righteous judgments endures forever.
Like a servant's eyes on his master's hand,
like a servant girl's eyes on her mistress's hand,
so our eyes are on the LORD our God
until he shows us favor.
Those who trust in the LORD are like Mount Zion.
It cannot be shaken; it remains forever.
But as for those who turn aside to crooked ways,
the LORD will banish them with the evildoers.
Peace be with Israel.
Unless the LORD builds a house,
its builders labor over it in vain;
unless the LORD watches over a city,
the watchman stays alert in vain.
In vain you get up early and stay up late,
working hard to have enough food —
yes, he gives sleep to the one he loves.[fn]
“This is my resting place forever;
I will make my home here
because I have desired it.
He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth.
He makes lightning for the rain
and brings the wind from his storehouses.
but hurled Pharaoh and his army into the Red Sea.
His faithful love endures forever.
The LORD will fulfill his purpose for me.
LORD, your faithful love endures forever;
do not abandon the work of your hands.
Do not let a slanderer stay in the land.
Let evil relentlessly[fn] hunt down a violent man.
Do not let my heart turn to any evil thing
or perform wicked acts with evildoers.
Do not let me feast on their delicacies.
Look to the right and see:[fn]
no one stands up for me;
there is no refuge for me;
no one cares about me.
Do not bring your servant into judgment,
for no one alive is righteous in your sight.
For the enemy has pursued me,
crushing me to the ground,
making me live in darkness
like those long dead.
Answer me quickly, LORD;
my spirit fails.
Don't hide your face from me,
or I will be like those
going down to the Pit.
Blessed be the LORD, my rock
who trains my hands for battle
and my fingers for warfare.
Our storehouses will be full,
supplying all kinds of produce;
our flocks will increase by thousands
and tens of thousands in our open fields.
My mouth will declare the LORD's praise;
let every living thing
bless his holy name forever and ever.
the Maker of heaven and earth,
the sea and everything in them.
He remains faithful forever,
He set them in position forever and ever;
he gave an order that will never pass away.
for understanding a proverb or a parable,[fn]
the words of the wise, and their riddles.
The fear of the LORD
is the beginning of knowledge;
fools despise wisdom and discipline.
strangers will drain your resources,
and your hard-earned pay will end up in a foreigner's house.
Do this, then, my son, and free yourself,
for you have put yourself in your neighbor's power:
Go, humble yourself, and plead with your neighbor.
until an arrow pierces its[fn] liver,
like a bird darting into a snare —
he doesn't know it will cost him his life.
When the whirlwind passes,
the wicked are no more,
but the righteous are secure forever.
People will curse anyone who hoards grain,
but a blessing will come to the one who sells it.
By rebellious speech an evil person is trapped,
but a righteous person escapes from trouble.
The LORD has prepared everything for his purpose —
even the wicked for the day of disaster.
One with a twisted mind will not succeed,
and one with deceitful speech will fall into ruin.
Discipline your son while there is hope;
don't set your heart on being the cause of his death.[fn]
A king's terrible wrath is like the roaring of a lion;
anyone who provokes him endangers himself.
The one who loves pleasure will become poor;
whoever loves wine and oil will not get rich.
The mouth of the forbidden woman is a deep pit;
a man cursed by the LORD will fall into it.
For it is pleasing if you keep them within you
and if they are[fn] constantly on your lips.
As soon as your eyes fly to it, it disappears,
for it makes wings for itself
and flies like an eagle to the sky.
Don't move an ancient boundary marker,
and don't encroach on the fields of the fatherless,
Don't gaze at wine because it is red,
because it gleams in the cup
and goes down smoothly.
Whoever says to the guilty, “You are innocent” —
peoples will curse him, and nations will denounce him;
Don't take a matter to court hastily.
Otherwise, what will you do afterward
if your opponent[fn] humiliates you?
As charcoal for embers and wood for fire,
so is a quarrelsome person for kindling strife.
The one who digs a pit will fall into it,
and whoever rolls a stone —
it will come back on him.
Don't abandon your friend or your father's friend,
and don't go to your brother's house
in your time of calamity;
better a neighbor nearby than a brother far away.
there will be enough goat's milk for your food —
food for your household
and nourishment for your female servants.
The one who leads the upright into an evil way
will fall into his own pit,
but the blameless will inherit what is good.
Who has gone up to heaven and come down?
Who has gathered the wind in his hands?
Who has bound up the waters in a cloak?
Who has established all the ends of the earth?
What is his name,
and what is the name of his son —
if you know?
Don't slander a servant to his master
or he will curse you, and you will become guilty.
If you have been foolish by exalting yourself
or if you've been scheming,
put your hand over your mouth.
All the streams flow to the sea,
yet the sea is never full;
to the place where the streams flow,
there they flow again.
There is no remembrance of those who[fn] came before;
and of those who will come after
there will also be no remembrance
by those who follow them.
I explored with my mind the pull of wine on my body — my mind still guiding me with wisdom — and how to grasp folly, until I could see what is good for people to do under heaven[fn] during the few days of their lives.
For, just like the fool, there is no lasting remembrance of the wise, since in the days to come both will be forgotten. How is it that the wise person dies just like the fool?
I know that everything God does will last forever; there is no adding to it or taking from it. God works so that people will be in awe of him.
Who knows if the spirits of the children of Adam go upward and the spirits of animals go downward to the earth?
Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. Better to approach in obedience than to offer the sacrifice as fools do, for they ignorantly do wrong.
There is a sickening tragedy I have seen under the sun: wealth kept by its owner to his harm.
This too is a sickening tragedy: exactly as he comes, so he will go. What does the one gain who struggles for the wind?
And if a person lives a thousand years twice, but does not experience happiness, do not both go to the same place?
It is better to go to a house of mourning
than to go to a house of feasting,
since that is the end of all mankind,
and the living should take it to heart.
Don't pay attention[fn] to everything people say, or you may hear your servant cursing you,
All this I have seen, applying my mind to all the work that is done under the sun, at a time when one person has authority over another to his harm.
In such circumstances, I saw the wicked buried. They came and went from the holy place, and they were praised[fn] in the city where they did those things. This too is futile.
Indeed, I took all this to heart and explained it all: The righteous, the wise, and their works are in God's hands. People don't know whether to expect love or hate. Everything lies ahead of them.
Their love, their hate, and their envy have already disappeared, and there is no longer a portion for them in all that is done under the sun.
For certainly no one knows his time: like fish caught in a cruel net or like birds caught in a trap, so people are trapped in an evil time as it suddenly falls on them.
A feast is prepared for laughter,
and wine makes life happy,
and money[fn] is the answer for everything.
In the morning sow your seed,
and at evening do not let your hand rest,
because you don't know which will succeed,
whether one or the other,
or if both of them will be equally good.
the doors at the street are shut
while the sound of the mill fades;
when one rises at the sound of a bird,
and all the daughters of song grow faint.
Also, they are afraid of heights and dangers on the road;
the almond tree blossoms,
the grasshopper loses its spring,[fn]
and the caper berry has no effect;
for the mere mortal is headed to his eternal home,
and mourners will walk around in the street;
Take me with you — let's hurry.
Oh, that the king would bring[fn] me to his chambers.
We will rejoice and be glad in you;
we will celebrate your caresses more than wine.
It is only right that they adore you.
I had just passed them
when I found the one I love.
I held on to him and would not let him go
until I brought him to my mother's house —
to the chamber of the one who conceived me.
Your neck is like the tower of David,
constructed in layers.
A thousand shields are hung on it —
all of them shields of warriors.
Awaken, north wind;
come, south wind.
Blow on my garden,
and spread the fragrance of its spices.
Let my love come to his garden
and eat its choicest fruits.
My love has gone down to his garden,
to beds of spice,
to feed in the gardens
and gather lilies.
I came down to the walnut grove
to see the blossoms of the valley,
to see if the vines were budding
and the pomegranates blooming.
Let's go early to the vineyards;
let's see if the vine has budded,
if the blossom has opened,
if the pomegranates are in bloom.
There I will give you my caresses.
I would lead you, I would take you,
to the house of my mother who taught me.[fn]
I would give you spiced wine to drink
from the juice of my pomegranate.
Why do you want more beatings?
Why do you keep on rebelling?
The whole head is hurt,
and the whole heart is sick.
“I hate your New Moons and prescribed festivals.
They have become a burden to me;
I am tired of putting up with them.
“I will turn my hand against you
and will burn away your dross completely;[fn]
I will remove all your impurities.
and many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let's go up to the mountain of the LORD,
to the house of the God of Jacob.
He will teach us about his ways
so that we may walk in his paths.”
For instruction will go out of Zion
and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem.
He will settle disputes among the nations
and provide arbitration for many peoples.
They will beat their swords into plows
and their spears into pruning knives.
Nation will not take up the sword against nation,
and they will never again train for war.
Go into the rocks
and hide in the dust
from the terror of the LORD
and from his majestic splendor.
People will go into caves in the rocks
and holes in the ground,
away from the terror of the LORD
and from his majestic splendor,
when he rises to terrify the earth.
They will go into the caves of the rocks
and the crevices in the cliffs,
away from the terror of the LORD
and from his majestic splendor,
when he rises to terrify the earth.
The LORD brings this charge
against the elders and leaders of his people:
“You have devastated the vineyard.
The plunder from the poor is in your houses.
Whoever remains in Zion and whoever is left in Jerusalem will be called holy — all in Jerusalem written in the book of life[fn] —
and there will be a shelter for shade from heat by day and a refuge and shelter from storm and rain.
Now I will tell you
what I am about to do to my vineyard:
I will remove its hedge,
and it will be consumed;
I will tear down its wall,
and it will be trampled.
I will make it a wasteland.
It will not be pruned or weeded;
thorns and briers will grow up.
I will also give orders to the clouds
that rain should not fall on it.
I heard the LORD of Armies say:
Indeed, many houses will become desolate,
grand and lovely ones without inhabitants.
On that day they will roar over it,
like the roaring of the sea.
When one looks at the land,
there will be darkness and distress;
light will be obscured by clouds.[fn]
Though a tenth will remain in the land,
it will be burned again.
Like the terebinth or the oak
that leaves a stump when felled,
the holy seed is the stump.
When it became known to the house of David that Aram had occupied Ephraim, the heart of Ahaz[fn] and the hearts of his people trembled like trees of a forest shaking in the wind.
The LORD said to Isaiah, “Go out with your son Shear-jashub[fn] to meet Ahaz at the end of the conduit of the upper pool, by the road to the Launderer's Field.
“‘Let's go up against Judah, terrorize it, and conquer it for ourselves. Then we can install Tabeel's son as king in it.' ”
“Ask for a sign from the LORD your God — it can be as deep as Sheol or as high as heaven.”
All of them will come and settle
in the steep ravines, in the clefts of the rocks,
in all the thornbushes, and in all the water holes.
And on that day
every place where there were a thousand vines,
worth a thousand pieces of silver,
will become thorns and briers.
You will not go to all the hills
that were once tilled with a hoe,
for fear of the thorns and briers.
Those hills will be places for oxen to graze
and for sheep to trample.
He will be a sanctuary;
but for the two houses of Israel,
he will be a stone to stumble over
and a rock to trip over,
and a trap and a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
Here I am with the children the LORD has given me to be signs and wonders in Israel from the LORD of Armies who dwells on Mount Zion.
Go to God's instruction and testimony! If they do not speak according to this word, there will be no dawn for them.
They will wander through the land, dejected and hungry. When they are famished, they will become enraged, and, looking upward, will curse their king and their God.
They will look toward the earth and see only distress, darkness, and the gloom of affliction, and they will be driven into thick darkness.
The dominion will be vast,
and its prosperity will never end.
He will reign on the throne of David
and over his kingdom,
to establish and sustain it
with justice and righteousness from now on and forever.
The zeal of the LORD of Armies will accomplish this.
They carve meat on the right,
but they are still hungry;
they have eaten on the left,
but they are still not satisfied.
Each one eats the flesh of his arm.
to keep the poor from getting a fair trial
and to deprive the needy among my people of justice,
so that widows can be their spoil
and they can plunder the fatherless.
There will be nothing to do
except crouch among the prisoners
or fall among the slain.
In all this, his anger has not turned away,
and his hand is still raised to strike.
I will send him against a godless nation;
I will command him to go
against a people destined for my rage,
to take spoils, to plunder,
and to trample them down like clay in the streets.
Therefore the Lord GOD of Armies
will inflict an emaciating disease
on the well-fed of Assyria,
and he will kindle a burning fire
under its glory.
Israel's Light will become a fire,
and its Holy One, a flame.
In one day it will burn and consume Assyria's thorns and thistles.
And the LORD of Armies will brandish a whip against him as he did when he struck Midian at the rock of Oreb; and he will raise his staff over the sea as he did in Egypt.
Assyria has come to Aiath
and has gone through Migron,
storing their equipment at Michmash.
They crossed over at the ford, saying,
“We will spend the night at Geba.”
The people of Ramah are trembling;
those at Gibeah of Saul have fled.
He will lift up a banner for the nations
and gather the dispersed of Israel;
he will collect the scattered of Judah
from the four corners of the earth.
“Indeed, God is my salvation;
I will trust him and not be afraid,
for the LORD, the LORD himself,
is my strength and my song.
He has become my salvation.”
Like wandering gazelles
and like sheep without a shepherd,
each one will turn to his own people,
each one will flee to his own land.
It will never be inhabited
or lived in from generation to generation;
a nomad will not pitch his tent there,
and shepherds will not let their flocks rest there.
The nations will escort Israel and bring it to its homeland. Then the house of Israel will possess them as male and female slaves in the LORD's land. They will make captives of their captors and will rule over their oppressors.
“Your splendor has been brought down to Sheol,
along with the music of your harps.
Maggots are spread out under you,
and worms cover you.”
Shining morning star,[fn]
how you have fallen from the heavens!
You destroyer of nations,
you have been cut down to the ground.
You said to yourself,
“I will ascend to the heavens;
I will set up my throne
above the stars of God.
I will sit on the mount of the gods' assembly,
in the remotest parts of the North.[fn]
But you are thrown out without a grave,
like a worthless branch,
covered by those slain with the sword
and dumped into a rocky pit like a trampled corpse.
You will not join them in burial,
because you destroyed your land
and slaughtered your own people.
The offspring of evildoers
will never be mentioned again.
“I will make her a swampland and a region for herons,[fn] and I will sweep her away with the broom of destruction.”
This is the declaration of the LORD of Armies.
I will break Assyria in my land;
I will tread him down on my mountain.
Then his yoke will be taken from them,
and his burden will be removed from their shoulders.
Joy and rejoicing have been removed from the orchard;
no one is singing or shouting for joy in the vineyards.
No one tramples grapes[fn] in the winepresses.
I have put an end to the shouting.
When Moab appears
and tires himself out on the high place
and comes to his sanctuary to pray,
it will do him no good.
A pronouncement concerning Damascus:
Look, Damascus is no longer a city.
It has become a ruined heap.
The cities of Aroer are abandoned;
they will be places for flocks.
They will lie down without fear.
On that day people will look to their Maker and will turn their eyes to the Holy One of Israel.
On the day that you plant,
you will help them to grow,
and in the morning
you will help your seed to sprout,
but the harvest will vanish
on the day of disease and incurable pain.
At that time a gift will be brought to the LORD of Armies from[fn] a people tall and smooth-skinned, a people feared far and near, a powerful nation with a strange language, whose land is divided by rivers — to Mount Zion, the place of the name of the LORD of Armies.
A pronouncement concerning Egypt:
Look, the LORD rides on a swift cloud
and is coming to Egypt.
Egypt's worthless idols will tremble before him,
and Egypt will lose heart.
I will hand over Egypt to harsh masters,
and a strong king will rule it.
This is the declaration of the Lord GOD of Armies.
Then the fishermen will mourn.
All those who cast hooks into the Nile will lament,
and those who spread nets on the water will give up.
The land of Judah will terrify Egypt; whenever Judah is mentioned, Egypt will tremble because of what the LORD of Armies has planned against it.
It will be a sign and witness to the LORD of Armies in the land of Egypt. When they cry out to the LORD because of their oppressors, he will send them a savior and leader, and he will rescue them.
On that day there will be a highway from Egypt to Assyria. Assyria will go to Egypt, Egypt to Assyria, and Egypt will worship with Assyria.
In the year that the chief commander, sent by King Sargon of Assyria, came to Ashdod and attacked and captured it —
“And the inhabitants of this coastland will say on that day, ‘Look, this is what has happened to those we relied on and fled to for help to rescue us from the king of Assyria! Now, how will we escape? ' ”
Then the lookout[fn] reported,
“Lord, I stand on the watchtower all day,
and I stay at my post all night.
“Look, riders come —
horsemen in pairs.”
And he answered, saying,
“Babylon has fallen, has fallen.
All the images of her gods
have been shattered on the ground.”
A pronouncement concerning the Valley of Vision:
What's the matter with you?
Why have all of you gone up to the rooftops?
He removed the defenses of Judah.
On that day you looked to the weapons in the House of the Forest.
You saw that there were many breaches in the walls of the city of David. You collected water from the lower pool.
You counted the houses of Jerusalem so that you could tear them down to fortify the wall.
You made a reservoir between the walls for the water of the ancient pool, but you did not look to the one who made it, or consider the one who created it long ago.
The Lord GOD of Armies said, “Go to Shebna, that steward who is in charge of the palace, and say to him:
“wind you up into a ball, and sling you into a wide land.[fn] There you will die, and there your glorious chariots will be — a disgrace to the house of your lord.
“I will clothe him with your robe and tie your sash around him. I will hand your authority over to him, and he will be like a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem and to the house of Judah.
“I will drive him, like a peg, into a firm place. He will be a throne of honor for his father's family.
He said,
“You will not celebrate anymore,
ravished young woman, daughter of Sidon.
Get up and cross over to Cyprus —
even there you will have no rest! ”
Look at the land of the Chaldeans —
a people who no longer exist.
Assyria destined it for desert creatures.
They set up their siege towers
and stripped its palaces.
They made it a ruin.
And at the end of the seventy years, the LORD will restore Tyre and she will go back into business, prostituting herself with all the kingdoms of the world throughout the earth.
But her profits and wages will be dedicated to the LORD. They will not be stored or saved, for her profit will go to those who live in the LORD's presence, to provide them with ample food and sacred clothing.
Whoever flees at the sound of panic
will fall into a pit,
and whoever escapes from the pit
will be caught in a trap.
For the floodgates on high are opened,
and the foundations of the earth are shaken.
They will be gathered together
like prisoners in a pit.
They will be confined to a dungeon;
after many days they will be punished.
For you have turned the city into a pile of rocks,
a fortified city, into ruins;
the fortress of barbarians is no longer a city;
it will never be rebuilt.
Go, my people, enter your rooms
and close your doors behind you.
Hide for a little while until the wrath has passed.
For the fortified city will be desolate,
pastures deserted and abandoned like a wilderness.
Calves will graze there,
and there they will spread out and strip its branches.
The fading flower of his beautiful splendor,
which is on the summit above the rich valley,
will be like a ripe fig before the summer harvest.
Whoever sees it will swallow it
while it is still in his hand.
The word of the LORD will come to them:
“Law after law, law after law,
line after line, line after line,
a little here, a little there,”
so they go stumbling backward,
to be broken, trapped, and captured.
Therefore the Lord GOD said:
“Look, I have laid a stone in Zion,
a tested stone,
a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation;
the one who believes will be unshakable.[fn]
“And I will make justice the measuring line
and righteousness the mason's level.”
Hail will sweep away the false refuge,
and water will flood your hiding place.
Your covenant with Death will be dissolved,
and your agreement with Sheol will not last.
When the overwhelming catastrophe passes through,
you will be trampled.
Bread grain is crushed,
but is not threshed endlessly.
Though the wheel of the farmer's cart rumbles,
his horses do not crush it.
You will be brought down;
you will speak from the ground,
and your words will come from low in the dust.
Your voice will be like that of a spirit from the ground;
your speech will whisper from the dust.
It will be like a hungry one who dreams he is eating,
then wakes and is still hungry;
and like a thirsty one who dreams he is drinking,
then wakes and is still thirsty, longing for water.
So it will be for all the many nations
who go to battle against Mount Zion.
And if the document is given to one who cannot read and he is asked to read it,[fn] he will say, “I can't read.”
Isn't it true that in just a little while
Lebanon will become an orchard,
and the orchard will seem like a forest?
Without asking my advice
they set out to go down to Egypt
in order to seek shelter under Pharaoh's protection
and take refuge in Egypt's shadow.
But Pharaoh's protection will become your shame,
and refuge in Egypt's shadow your humiliation.
everyone will be ashamed
because of a people who can't help.
They are of no benefit, they are no help;
they are good for nothing but shame and disgrace.
A pronouncement concerning the animals of the Negev:[fn]
Through a land of trouble and distress,
of lioness and lion,
of viper and flying serpent,
they carry their wealth on the backs of donkeys
and their treasures on the humps of camels,
to a people who will not help them.
Go now, write it on a tablet in their presence
and inscribe it on a scroll;
it will be for the future,
forever and ever.
Your singing will be like that
on the night of a holy festival,
and your heart will rejoice
like one who walks to the music of a flute,
going up to the mountain of the LORD,
to the Rock of Israel.
Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help
and who depend on horses!
They trust in the abundance of chariots
and in the large number of horsemen.
They do not look to the Holy One of Israel,
and they do not seek the LORD.
Then Assyria will fall,
but not by human sword;
a sword will devour him,
but not one made by man.
He will flee from the sword;
his young men will be put to forced labor.
until the Spirit[fn] from on high is poured out on us.
Then the desert will become an orchard,
and the orchard will seem like a forest.
LORD, be gracious to us! We wait for you.
Be our strength every morning
and our salvation in time of trouble.
Look at Zion, the city of our festival times.
Your eyes will see Jerusalem,
a peaceful pasture, a tent that does not wander;
its tent pegs will not be pulled up
nor will any of its cords be loosened.
Your ropes are slack;
they cannot hold the base of the mast
or spread out the flag.
Then abundant spoil will be divided,
the lame will plunder it,
The LORD is angry with all the nations,
furious with all their armies.
He will set them apart for destruction,
giving them over to slaughter.
Edom's streams will be turned into pitch,
her soil into sulfur;
her land will become burning pitch.
It will never go out — day or night.
Its smoke will go up forever.
It will be desolate, from generation to generation;
no one will pass through it forever and ever.
Her palaces will be overgrown with thorns;
her fortified cities, with thistles and briers.
She will become a dwelling for jackals,
an abode[fn] for ostriches.
He has cast the lot for them;
his hand allotted their portion with a measuring line.
They will possess it forever;
they will dwell in it from generation to generation.
the parched ground will become a pool,
and the thirsty land, springs.
In the haunt of jackals, in their lairs,
there will be grass, reeds, and papyrus.
and the ransomed of the LORD will return
and come to Zion with singing,
crowned with unending joy.
Joy and gladness will overtake them,
and sorrow and sighing will flee.
Then the king of Assyria sent his royal spokesman, along with a massive army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. The Assyrian stood near the conduit of the upper pool, by the road to Launderer's Field.
“Look, you are relying on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff that will pierce the hand of anyone who grabs it and leans on it. This is how Pharaoh king of Egypt is to all who rely on him.
“How then can you drive back a single officer among the least of my master's servants? How can you rely on Egypt for chariots and horsemen?
Then Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah said to the royal spokesman, “Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it. Don't speak to us in Hebrew[fn] within earshot of the people who are on the wall.”
“until I come and take you away to a land like your own land — a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards.
When King Hezekiah heard their report, he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth, and went to the LORD's temple.
“I am about to put a spirit in him and he will hear a rumor and return to his own land, where I will cause him to fall by the sword.' ”
“Say this to King Hezekiah of Judah: ‘Don't let your God, on whom you rely, deceive you by promising that Jerusalem won't be handed over to the king of Assyria.
They have thrown their gods into the fire, for they were not gods but made from wood and stone by human hands. So they have destroyed them.
“Who is it you have mocked and blasphemed?
Against whom have you raised your voice
and lifted your eyes in pride?
Against the Holy One of Israel!
“You have mocked the Lord through your servants.
You have said, “With my many chariots
I have gone up to the heights of the mountains,
to the far recesses of Lebanon.
I cut down its tallest cedars,
its choice cypress trees.
I came to its distant heights,
its densest forest.
Because your raging against me
and your arrogance have reached my ears,
I will put my hook in your nose
and my bit in your mouth;
I will make you go back
the way you came.
“Therefore, this is what the LORD says about the king of Assyria:
He will not enter this city,
shoot an arrow here,
come before it with a shield,
or build up a siege ramp against it.
One day, while he was worshiping in the temple of his god Nisroch, his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer struck him down with the sword and escaped to the land of Ararat. Then his son Esar-haddon became king in his place.
I chirp like a swallow or a crane;
I moan like a dove.
My eyes grow weak looking upward.
Lord, I am oppressed; support me.
“‘Look, the days are coming when everything in your palace and all that your predecessors have stored up until today will be carried off to Babylon; nothing will be left,' says the LORD.
“Speak tenderly to[fn] Jerusalem,
and announce to her
that her time of hard service is over,
her iniquity has been pardoned,
and she has received from the LORD's hand
double for all her sins.”
Every valley will be lifted up,
and every mountain and hill will be leveled;
the uneven ground will become smooth
and the rough places, a plain.
Lebanon's cedars are not enough for fuel,
or its animals enough for a burnt offering.
All the nations are as nothing before him;
they are considered by him
as empty nothingness.
They are barely planted, barely sown,
their stem hardly takes root in the ground
when he blows on them and they wither,
and a whirlwind carries them away like stubble.
Look up and see!
Who created these?
He brings out the stars by number;
he calls all of them by name.
Because of his great power and strength,
not one of them is missing.
“Who has performed and done this,
calling the generations from the beginning?
I am the LORD, the first
and with the last — I am he.”
You will look for those who contend with you,
but you will not find them.
Those who war against you
will become absolutely nothing.
I will open rivers on the barren heights,
and springs in the middle of the plains.
I will turn the desert into a pool
and dry land into springs.
I will plant cedar, acacia, myrtle, and olive trees
in the wilderness.
I will put juniper, elm, and cypress trees together
in the desert,
“I was the first to say to Zion,[fn]
‘Look! Here they are! '
And I gave Jerusalem a herald with good news.
“He will not break a bruised reed,
and he will not put out a smoldering wick;
he will faithfully bring justice.
“I am the LORD. I have called you
for a righteous purpose,[fn]
and I will hold you by your hand.
I will watch over you, and I will appoint you
to be a covenant for the people
and a light to the nations,
Sing a new song to the LORD;
sing his praise from the ends of the earth,
you who go down to the sea with all that fills it,
you coasts and islands with your[fn] inhabitants.
“I will lay waste mountains and hills
and dry up all their vegetation.
I will turn rivers into islands
and dry up marshes.
“I will lead the blind by a way they did not know;
I will guide them on paths they have not known.
I will turn darkness to light in front of them
and rough places into level ground.
This is what I will do for them,
and I will not abandon them.
“They will be turned back and utterly ashamed —
those who trust in an idol
and say to a cast image,
‘You are our gods! '
But this is a people plundered and looted,
all of them trapped in holes
or imprisoned in dungeons.
They have become plunder
with no one to rescue them
and loot, with no one saying, “Give it back! ”
Who gave Jacob to the robber,[fn]
and Israel to the plunderers?
Was it not the LORD?
Have we not sinned against him?
They were not willing to walk in his ways,
and they would not listen to his instruction.
“So I defiled the officers of the sanctuary,
and set Jacob apart for destruction
and Israel for scorn.
Who, like me, can announce the future?
Let him say so and make a case before me,
since I have established an ancient people.
Let these gods declare[fn] the coming things,
and what will take place.
A person can use it for fuel.
He takes some of it and warms himself;
also he kindles a fire and bakes bread;
he even makes it into a god and worships it;
he makes an idol from it and bows down to it.
He makes a god or his idol with the rest of it.
He bows down to it and worships;
he prays to it, “Save me, for you are my god.”
No one comes to his senses;[fn]
no one has the perception or insight to say,
“I burned half of it in the fire,
I also baked bread on its coals,
I roasted meat and ate.
Should I make something detestable with the rest of it?
Should I bow down to a block of wood? ”
who destroys the omens of the false prophets
and makes fools of diviners;
who confounds the wise
and makes their knowledge foolishness;
For this is what the LORD says —
the Creator of the heavens,
the God who formed the earth and made it,
the one who established it
(he did not create it to be a wasteland,
but formed it to be inhabited) —
he says, “I am the LORD,
and there is no other.
Bel crouches; Nebo cowers.
Idols depicting them are consigned to beasts and cattle.
The images you carry are loaded,
as a burden for the weary animal.
“I am bringing my justice near;
it is not far away,
and my salvation will not delay.
I will put salvation in Zion,
my splendor in Israel.
“Go down and sit in the dust,
Virgin Daughter Babylon.
Sit on the ground without a throne,
Daughter Chaldea!
For you will no longer be called pampered and spoiled.
“Daughter Chaldea,
sit in silence and go into darkness.
For you will no longer be called mistress of kingdoms.
“I was angry with my people;
I profaned my possession,
and I handed them over to you.
You showed them no mercy;
you made your yoke very heavy on the elderly.
“You said, ‘I will be the queen forever.'
You did not take these things to heart
or think about their outcome.
“But disaster will happen to you;
you will not know how to avert it.
And it will fall on you,
but you will be unable to ward it off.[fn]
Devastation will happen to you suddenly
and unexpectedly.
“Listen to me, Jacob,
and Israel, the one called by me:
I am he; I am the first,
I am also the last.
But I myself said: I have labored in vain,
I have spent my strength for nothing and futility;
yet my vindication is with the LORD,
and my reward is with my God.
he says,
“It is not enough for you to be my servant
raising up the tribes of Jacob
and restoring the protected ones of Israel.
I will also make you a light for the nations,
to be my salvation to the ends of the earth.”
This is what the LORD says:
I will answer you in a time of favor,
and I will help you in the day of salvation.
I will keep you, and I will appoint you
to be a covenant for the people,
to restore the land,
to make them possess the desolate inheritances,
“Yet as you listen, the children
that you have been deprived of will say,
‘This place is too small for me;
make room for me so that I may settle.'
This is what the Lord GOD says:
Look, I will lift up my hand to the nations,
and raise my banner to the peoples.
They will bring your sons in their arms,
and your daughters will be carried on their shoulders.
I gave my back to those who beat me,
and my cheeks to those who tore out my beard.
I did not hide my face from scorn and spitting.
Listen to me, you who pursue righteousness,
you who seek the LORD:
Look to the rock from which you were cut,
and to the quarry from which you were dug.
Look to Abraham your father,
and to Sarah who gave birth to you.
When I called him, he was only one;
I blessed him and made him many.
Pay attention to me, my people,
and listen to me, my nation;
for instruction will come from me,
and my justice for a light to the nations.
I will bring it about quickly.
My righteousness is near,
my salvation appears,
and my arms will bring justice to the nations.
The coasts and islands will put their hope in me,
and they will look to my strength.[fn]
Look up to the heavens,
and look at the earth beneath;
for the heavens will vanish like smoke,
the earth will wear out like a garment,
and its inhabitants will die like gnats.[fn]
But my salvation will last forever,
and my righteousness will never be shattered.
For moths will devour them like a garment,
and worms will eat them like wool.
But my righteousness will last forever,
and my salvation for all generations.
And the ransomed of the LORD will return
and come to Zion with singing,
crowned with unending joy.
Joy and gladness will overtake them,
and sorrow and sighing will flee.
I have put my words in your mouth,
and covered you in the shadow of my hand,
in order to plant[fn] the heavens,
to found the earth,
and to say to Zion, “You are my people.”
“I will put it into the hands of your tormentors,
who said to you,
‘Lie down, so we can walk over you.'
You made your back like the ground,
and like a street for those who walk on it.
For this is what the Lord GOD says:
“At first my people went down to Egypt to reside there,
then Assyria oppressed them without cause.[fn]
He was taken away because of oppression and judgment,
and who considered his fate?[fn]
For he was cut off from the land of the living;
he was struck because of my people's rebellion.
“For you will spread out to the right and to the left,
and your descendants will dispossess nations
and inhabit the desolate cities.
“Look, I have created the craftsman
who blows on the charcoal fire
and produces a weapon suitable for its task;
and I have created the destroyer to cause havoc.
“No weapon formed against you will succeed,
and you will refute any accusation[fn]
raised against you in court.
This is the heritage of the LORD's servants,
and their vindication is from me.”
This is the LORD's declaration.
“Why do you spend silver on what is not food,
and your wages on what does not satisfy?
Listen carefully to me, and eat what is good,
and you will enjoy the choicest of foods.[fn]
“For just as rain and snow fall from heaven
and do not return there
without saturating the earth
and making it germinate and sprout,
and providing seed to sow
and food to eat,
Instead of the thornbush, a cypress will come up,
and instead of the brier, a myrtle will come up;
this will stand as a monument for the LORD,
an everlasting sign that will not be destroyed.
“As for the foreigners who join themselves to the LORD
to minister to him, to love the name of the LORD,
and to become his servants —
all who keep the Sabbath without desecrating it
and who hold firmly to my covenant —
“I will bring them to my holy mountain
and let them rejoice in my house of prayer.
Their burnt offerings and sacrifices
will be acceptable on my altar,
for my house will be called a house of prayer
for all nations.”
Who was it you dreaded and feared,
so that you lied and didn't remember me
or take it to heart?
I have kept silent for a long time, haven't I?[fn]
So you do not fear me.
“For I will not accuse you forever,
and I will not always be angry;
for then the spirit would grow weak before me,
even the breath, which I have made.
“You fast with contention and strife
to strike viciously with your fist.
You cannot fast as you do today,
hoping to make your voice heard on high.
“Is it not to share your bread with the hungry,
to bring the poor and homeless into your house,
to clothe the naked when you see him,
and not to ignore your own flesh and blood?[fn]
Their webs cannot become clothing,
and they cannot cover themselves with their works.
Their works are sinful works,
and violent acts are in their hands.
“As for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the LORD: “My Spirit who is on you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, will not depart from your mouth, or from the mouths of your children, or from the mouths of your children's children, from now on and forever,” says the LORD.
Then you will see and be radiant,
and your heart will tremble and rejoice,[fn]
because the riches of the sea will become yours
and the wealth of the nations will come to you.
The sun will no longer be your light by day,
and the brightness of the moon will not shine on you.
The LORD will be your everlasting light,
and your God will be your splendor.
All your people will be righteous;
they will possess the land forever;
they are the branch I planted,
the work of my[fn] hands,
so that I may be glorified.
The least will become a thousand,
the smallest a mighty nation.
I am the LORD;
I will accomplish it quickly in its time.
to provide for those who mourn in Zion;
to give them a crown of beauty instead of ashes,
festive oil instead of mourning,
and splendid clothes instead of despair.[fn]
And they will be called righteous trees,
planted by the LORD
to glorify him.
They will rebuild the ancient ruins;
they will restore the former devastations;
they will renew the ruined cities,
the devastations of many generations.
Go out, go out through the city gates;
prepare a way for the people!
Build it up, build up the highway;
clear away the stones!
Raise a banner for the peoples.
I trampled the winepress alone,
and no one from the nations was with me.
I trampled them in my anger
and ground them underfoot in my fury;
their blood spattered my garments,
and all my clothes were stained.
I crushed nations in my anger;
I made them drunk with my wrath
and poured out their blood on the ground.
He said, “They are indeed my people,
children who will not be disloyal,”
and he became their Savior.
But they rebelled
and grieved his Holy Spirit.
So he became their enemy
and fought against them.
Your holy cities have become a wilderness;
Zion has become a wilderness,
Jerusalem a desolation.
“Look, it is written in front of me:
I will not keep silent, but I will repay;
I will repay them fully[fn]
“Sharon will be a pasture for flocks,
and the Valley of Achor a place for herds to lie down,
for my people who have sought me.
“I will destine you for the sword,
and all of you will kneel down to be slaughtered,
because I called and you did not answer,
I spoke and you did not hear;
you did what was evil in my sight
and chose what I did not delight in.”
“You will leave your name behind
as a curse for my chosen ones,
and the Lord GOD will kill you;
but he will give his servants another name.
“They will not labor without success
or bear children destined for disaster,
for they will be a people blessed by the LORD
along with their descendants.
One person slaughters an ox, another kills a person;
one person sacrifices a lamb, another breaks a dog's neck;
one person offers a grain offering, another offers pig's blood;
one person offers incense, another praises an idol —
all these have chosen their ways
and delight in their abhorrent practices.
Who has heard of such a thing?
Who has seen such things?
Can a land be born in one day
or a nation be delivered in an instant?
Yet as soon as Zion was in labor,
she gave birth to her sons.
For this is what the LORD says:
I will make peace flow to her like a river,
and the wealth[fn] of nations like a flood;
you will nurse and be carried on her hip
and bounced on her lap.
“I will establish a sign among them, and I will send survivors from them to the nations — to Tarshish, Put,[fn] Lud (who are archers), Tubal, Javan, and the coasts and islands far away — who have not heard about me or seen my glory. And they will proclaim my glory among the nations.
“They will bring all your brothers from all the nations as a gift to the LORD on horses and chariots, in litters, and on mules and camels, to my holy mountain Jerusalem,” says the LORD, “just as the Israelites bring an offering in a clean vessel to the house of the LORD.
“As they leave, they will see the dead bodies of those who have rebelled against me; for their worm will never die, their fire will never go out, and they will be a horror to all humanity.”
I chose you before I formed you in the womb;
I set you apart before you were born.
I appointed you a prophet to the nations.
Then the LORD reached out his hand, touched my mouth, and told me:
I have now filled your mouth with my words.
I brought you to a fertile land
to eat its fruit and bounty,
but after you entered, you defiled my land;
you made my inheritance detestable.
The priests quit asking, “Where is the LORD? ”
The experts in the law no longer knew me,
and the rulers rebelled against me.
The prophets prophesied by[fn] Baal
and followed useless idols.
Cross over to the coasts of Cyprus[fn] and take a look.
Send someone to Kedar and consider carefully;
see if there has ever been anything like this:
The young lions have roared at him;
they have roared loudly.
They have laid waste his land.
His cities are in ruins, without inhabitants.
I planted you, a choice vine
from the very best seed.
How then could you turn into
a degenerate, foreign vine?
Why do you bring a case against me?
All of you have rebelled against me.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Look to the barren heights and see.
Where have you not been immoral?
You sat waiting for them beside the highways
like a nomad in the desert.
You have defiled the land
with your prostitution and wickedness.
This is why the showers haven't come —
why there has been no spring rain.
You have the brazen look of a prostitute[fn]
and refuse to be ashamed.
“Will he bear a grudge forever?
Will he be endlessly infuriated? ”
This is what you have said,
but you have done the evil things
you are capable of.
“I[fn] observed that it was because unfaithful Israel had committed adultery that I had sent her away and had given her a certificate of divorce. Nevertheless, her treacherous sister Judah was not afraid but also went and prostituted herself.
“Indifferent to[fn] her prostitution, she defiled the land and committed adultery with stones and trees.
“Go, proclaim these words to the north, and say,
‘Return, unfaithful Israel.
This is the LORD's declaration.
I will not look on you with anger,[fn]
for I am unfailing in my love.
This is the LORD's declaration.
I will not be angry forever.
“Only acknowledge your guilt —
you have rebelled against the LORD your God.
You have scattered your favors to strangers
under every green tree
and have not obeyed me.
This is the LORD's declaration.
“ ‘Return, you faithless children — this is the LORD's declaration — for I am your master,[fn] and I will take you, one from a city and two from a family, and I will bring you to Zion.
At that time Jerusalem will be called The LORD's Throne, and all the nations will be gathered to it, to the name of the LORD in Jerusalem. They will cease to follow the stubbornness of their evil hearts.
I thought, “How I long to make you my sons
and give you a desirable land,
the most beautiful inheritance of all the nations.”
I thought, “You will call me ‘My Father'
and never turn away from me.”
However, as a woman may betray her lover,[fn]
so you have betrayed me, house of Israel.
This is the LORD's declaration.
“Surely, falsehood comes from the hills,
commotion from the mountains,
but the salvation of Israel
is only in the LORD our God.
Declare in Judah, proclaim in Jerusalem, and say,
Blow the ram's horn throughout the land.
Cry out loudly and say,
“Assemble yourselves,
and let's flee to the fortified cities.”
Lift up a signal flag toward Zion.
Run for cover! Don't stand still!
For I am bringing disaster from the north —
a crushing blow.
A lion has gone up from his thicket;
a destroyer of nations has set out.
He has left his lair
to make your land a waste.
Your cities will be reduced to uninhabited ruins.
“At that time it will be said to this people and to Jerusalem, ‘A searing wind blows from the barren heights in the wilderness on the way to my dear[fn] people. It comes not to winnow or to sift;
I looked at the earth,
and it was formless and empty.
I looked to the heavens,
and their light was gone.
Every city flees
at the sound of the horseman and the archer.
They enter the thickets
and climb among the rocks.
Every city is abandoned;
no inhabitant is left.
And you, devastated one, what are you doing
that you dress yourself in scarlet,
that you adorn yourself with gold jewelry,
that you enhance your eyes with makeup?
You beautify yourself for nothing.
Your lovers reject you;
they intend to take your life.
LORD, don't your eyes look for faithfulness?
You have struck them, but they felt no pain.
You finished them off,
but they refused to accept discipline.
They made their faces harder than rock,
and they refused to return.
They, the house of Israel and the house of Judah,
have dealt very treacherously with me.
This is the LORD's declaration.
The prophets become only wind,
for the LORD's word is not in them.
This will in fact happen to them.
Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD of Armies says:
Because you have spoken this word,
I am going to make my words
become fire in your mouth.
These people are the wood,
and the fire will consume them.
“But even in those days” — this is the LORD's declaration — “I will not finish you off.
“The prophets prophesy falsely,
and the priests rule by their own authority.
My people love it like this.
But what will you do at the end of it?
“Shepherds and their flocks will come against her;
they will pitch their tents all around her.
Each will pasture his own portion.
“Set them apart for war against her;
rise up, let's attack at noon.
Woe to us, for the day is passing;
the evening shadows grow long.
Their houses will be turned over to others,
their fields and wives as well,
for I will stretch out my hand
against the inhabitants of the land.
This is the LORD's declaration.
They grasp bow and javelin.
They are cruel and show no mercy.
Their voice roars like the sea,
and they ride on horses,
lined up like men in battle formation
against you, Daughter Zion.
Don't go out to the fields;
don't walk on the road.
For the enemy has a sword;
terror is on every side.
The bellows blow,
blasting the lead with fire.
The refining is completely in vain;
the evil ones are not separated out.
if you no longer oppress the resident alien, the fatherless, and the widow and no longer shed innocent blood in this place or follow other gods, bringing harm on yourselves,
“ ‘But return to my place that was at Shiloh, where I made my name dwell at first. See what I did to it because of the evil of my people Israel.
“However, I did give them this command: ‘Obey me, and then I will be your God, and you will be my people. Follow every way I command you so that it may go well with you.'
“Yet they didn't listen or pay attention but followed their own advice and their own stubborn, evil heart. They went backward and not forward.
“The corpses of these people will become food for the birds of the sky and for the wild animals of the land, with no one to scare them away.
“I will remove from the cities of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem the sound of joy and gladness and the voices of the groom and the bride, for the land will become a desolate waste.
“They will be exposed to the sun, the moon, and all the stars in the sky, which they have loved, served, followed, consulted, and worshiped. Their bones will not be collected and buried but will become like manure on the soil's surface.
“How can you claim, ‘We are wise;
the law of the LORD is with us'?
In fact, the lying pen of scribes
has produced falsehood.
We hoped for peace, but there was nothing good;
for a time of healing, but there was only terror.
Indeed, I am about to send snakes among you,
poisonous vipers that cannot be charmed.
They will bite you.
This is the LORD's declaration.
They bent their tongues like their bows;
lies and not faithfulness prevail in the land,
for they proceed from one evil to another,
and they do not take me into account.
This is the LORD's declaration.
I will make Jerusalem a heap of rubble,
a jackals' den.
I will make the cities of Judah a desolation,
an uninhabited place.
“I will scatter them among the nations that they and their ancestors have not known. I will send a sword after them until I have finished them off.”
for Death has climbed through our windows;
it has entered our fortresses,
cutting off children from the streets,
young men from the squares.
“Speak as follows: ‘This is what the LORD declares: Human corpses will fall like manure on the surface of the field, like newly cut grain after the reaper with no one to gather it.
When he thunders,[fn]
the waters in the heavens are in turmoil,
and he causes the clouds to rise
from the ends of the earth.
He makes lightning for the rain
and brings the wind from his storehouses.
Listen! A noise — it is coming —
a great commotion from the land to the north.
The cities of Judah will be made desolate,
a jackals' den.
“which I commanded your ancestors when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace.” I declared, “Obey me, and do everything that I command you, and you will be my people, and I will be your God,”
“The LORD named you
a flourishing olive tree,
beautiful with well-formed fruit.
He has set fire to it,
and its branches are consumed[fn]
with the sound of a mighty tumult.
As for you, LORD, you know me; you see me.
You test whether my heart is with you.
Drag the wicked away like sheep to slaughter
and set them apart for the day of killing.
I have abandoned my house;
I have deserted my inheritance.
I have handed the love of my life
over to her enemies.
Many shepherds have destroyed my vineyard;
they have trampled my plot of land.
They have turned my desirable plot
into a desolate wasteland.
They have made it a desolation.
It mourns, desolate, before me.
All the land is desolate,
but no one takes it to heart.
“After I have uprooted them, I will once again have compassion on them and return each one to his inheritance and to his land.
So I went to the Euphrates and dug up the underwear and got it from the place where I had hidden it, but it was ruined — of no use at all.
“These evil people, who refuse to listen to me, who follow the stubbornness of their own hearts, and who have followed other gods to serve and bow in worship — they will be like this underwear, of no use at all.
“Just as underwear clings to one's waist, so I fastened the whole house of Israel and of Judah to me” — this is the LORD's declaration — “so that they might be my people for my fame, praise, and glory, but they would not obey.
Give glory to the LORD your God
before he brings darkness,
before your feet stumble
on the mountains at dusk.
You wait for light,
but he brings darkest gloom[fn]
and makes total darkness.
What will you say when he appoints
close friends as leaders over you,
ones you yourself trained?
Won't labor pains seize you,
as they do a woman in labor?
Hope of Israel,
its Savior in time of distress,
why are you like a resident alien in the land,
like a traveler stopping only for the night?
If I go out to the field,
look — those slain by the sword!
If I enter the city,
look — those ill from famine!
For both prophet and priest
travel to a land they do not know.
Have you completely rejected Judah?
Do you detest Zion?
Why do you strike us
with no hope of healing for us?
We hoped for peace,
but there was nothing good;
for a time of healing,
but there was only terror.
“If they ask you, ‘Where will we go? ' tell them: This is what the LORD says:
Those destined for death, to death;
those destined for the sword, to the sword.
Those destined for famine, to famine;
those destined for captivity, to captivity.
“I will ordain four kinds[fn] of judgment for them” — this is the LORD's declaration — “the sword to kill, the dogs to drag away, and the birds of the sky and the wild animals of the land to devour and destroy.
“I will make them a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth because of Manasseh son of Hezekiah, the king of Judah, for what he did in Jerusalem.
“Who will have pity on you, Jerusalem?
Who will show sympathy toward you?
Who will turn aside
to ask about your well-being?
“The mother of seven grew faint;
she breathed her last breath.
Her sun set while it was still day;
she was ashamed and humiliated.
The rest of them I will give over to the sword
in the presence of their enemies.”
This is the LORD's declaration.
The LORD said:
Haven't I set you loose for your good?
Haven't I punished you
in a time of trouble,
in a time of distress with the enemy?[fn]
I will give up your wealth
and your treasures as plunder,
without cost, for all your sins
in all your borders.
You know, LORD;
remember me and take note of me.
Avenge me against my persecutors.
In your patience,[fn] don't take me away.
Know that I suffer disgrace for your honor.
Your words were found, and I ate them.
Your words became a delight to me
and the joy of my heart,
for I bear your name,
LORD God of Armies.
“They will die from deadly diseases. They will not be mourned or buried but will be like manure on the soil's surface. They will be finished off by sword and famine. Their corpses will become food for the birds of the sky and for the wild animals of the land.
“For this is what the LORD says: Don't enter a house where a mourning feast is taking place.[fn] Don't go to lament or sympathize with them, for I have removed my peace from these people as well as my faithful love and compassion.” This is the LORD's declaration.
“Food won't be provided for the mourner to comfort him because of the dead. A consoling drink won't be given him for the loss of his father or mother.
“Do not enter the house where feasting is taking place to sit with them to eat and drink.
“So I will hurl you from this land into a land that you and your ancestors have not known. There you will worship other gods both day and night, for I will not grant you grace.'[fn]
“but rather, ‘As the LORD lives who brought the Israelites from the land of the north and from all the other lands where he had banished them.' For I will return them to their land that I gave to their ancestors.
“kings and princes will enter through the gates of this city. They will sit on the throne of David; they will ride in chariots and on horses with their officials, the men of Judah, and the residents of Jerusalem. This city will be inhabited forever.
“Then people will come from the cities of Judah and from the area around Jerusalem, from the land of Benjamin and from the Judean foothills, from the hill country and from the Negev bringing burnt offerings and sacrifices, grain offerings and frankincense, and thanksgiving sacrifices to the house of the LORD.
So I went down to the potter's house, and there he was, working away at the wheel.[fn]
Yet my people have forgotten me.
They burn incense to worthless idols
that make them stumble in their ways
on the ancient roads,
and make them walk on new paths, not the highway.
They have made their land a horror,
a perpetual object of scorn;[fn]
all who pass by it will be appalled
and shake their heads.
Therefore, hand their children over to famine,
and give them over to the power of the sword.
Let their wives become childless and widowed,
their husbands slain by deadly disease,[fn]
their young men struck down by the sword in battle.
Let a cry be heard from their houses
when you suddenly bring raiders against them,
for they have dug a pit to capture me
and have hidden snares for my feet.
But you, LORD, know
all their deadly plots against me.
Do not wipe out their iniquity;
do not blot out their sin before you.
Let them be forced to stumble before you;
deal with them in the time of your anger.
“and go out to Ben Hinnom Valley near the entrance of the Potsherd Gate. Proclaim there the words I speak to you.
“I will spoil the plans of Judah and Jerusalem in this place. I will make them fall by the sword before their enemies, by the hand of those who intend to take their life. I will provide their corpses as food for the birds of the sky and for the wild animals of the land.
“I will make this city desolate, an object of scorn. Everyone who passes by it will be appalled and scoff because of all its wounds.
So Pashhur had the prophet Jeremiah beaten and put him in the stocks at the Upper Benjamin Gate in the LORD's temple.
“for this is what the LORD says, ‘I am about to make you a terror to both yourself and those you love. They will fall by the sword of their enemies before your very eyes. I will hand Judah over to the king of Babylon, and he will deport them to Babylon and put them to the sword.
“I will give away all the wealth of this city, all its products and valuables. Indeed, I will hand all the treasures of the kings of Judah over to their enemies. They will plunder them, seize them, and carry them off to Babylon.
You deceived me, LORD, and I was deceived.
You seized me and prevailed.
I am a laughingstock all the time;
everyone ridicules me.
For whenever I speak, I cry out,
I proclaim, “Violence and destruction! ”
so the word of the LORD has become my
constant disgrace and derision.
“‘This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: I am about to repel the weapons of war in your hands, those you are using to fight the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans[fn] who are besieging you outside the wall, and I will bring them into the center of this city.
“Afterward — this is the LORD's declaration — King Zedekiah of Judah, his officers, and the people — those in this city who survive the plague, the sword, and the famine — I will hand over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, to their enemies, yes, to those who intend to take their lives. He will put them to the sword; he won't spare them or show pity or compassion.'
“Whoever stays in this city will die by the sword, famine, and plague, but whoever goes out and surrenders to the Chaldeans who are besieging you will live and will retain his life like the spoils of war.
“For I have set my face against this city to bring disaster and not good — this is the LORD's declaration. It will be handed over to the king of Babylon, who will burn it.'
This is what the LORD says: “Go down to the palace of the king of Judah and announce this word there.
“But if you do not obey these words, then I swear by myself — this is the LORD's declaration — that this house will become a ruin.' ”
For this is what the LORD says concerning the house of the king of Judah:
“You are like Gilead to me,
or the summit of Lebanon,
but I will certainly turn you into a wilderness,
uninhabited cities.
“I will set apart destroyers against you,
each with his weapons.
They will cut down the choicest of your cedars
and throw them into the fire.
But you have eyes and a heart for nothing
except your own dishonest profit,
shedding innocent blood
and committing extortion and oppression.
Go up to Lebanon and cry out;
raise your voice in Bashan;
cry out from Abarim,
for all your lovers[fn] have been crushed.
“In fact, I will hand you over to those you dread, who intend to take your life, to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and the Chaldeans.
“I will hurl you and the mother who gave birth to you into another land, where neither of you were born, and there you will both die.
Is this man Coniah a despised, shattered pot,
a jar no one wants?
Why are he and his descendants hurled out
and cast into a land they have not known?
“I will gather the remnant of my flock from all the lands where I have banished them, and I will return them to their grazing land. They will become fruitful and numerous.
“but, ‘As the LORD lives, who brought and led the descendants of the house of Israel from the land of the north and from all the other countries where I[fn] had banished them.' They will dwell once more in their own land.”
Therefore, their way will seem
like slippery paths in the gloom.
They will be driven away and fall down there,
for I will bring disaster on them,
the year of their punishment.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Look, a storm from the LORD!
Wrath has gone out,
a whirling storm.
It will whirl about the heads of the wicked.
After King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon had deported Jeconiah[fn] son of Jehoiakim king of Judah, the officials of Judah, and the craftsmen and metalsmiths from Jerusalem and had brought them to Babylon, the LORD showed me two baskets of figs placed in front of the temple of the LORD.
“This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: Like these good figs, so I regard as good the exiles from Judah I sent away from this place to the land of the Chaldeans.
“I will keep my eyes on them for their good and will return them to this land. I will build them up and not demolish them; I will plant them and not uproot them.
“I will give them a heart to know me, that I am the LORD. They will be my people, and I will be their God because they will return to me with all their heart.
“I will make them an object of horror and a disaster to all the kingdoms of the earth, an example for disgrace, scorn, ridicule, and cursing, wherever I have banished them.
“I will send the sword, famine, and plague against them until they have perished from the land I gave to them and their ancestors.”
“I am going to send for all the families of the north' — this is the LORD's declaration — ‘and send for my servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and I will bring them against this land, against its residents, and against all these surrounding nations, and I will completely destroy them and make them an example of horror and scorn, and ruins forever.
“This whole land will become a desolate ruin, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon for seventy years.
“When the seventy years are completed, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation' — this is the LORD's declaration — ‘the land of the Chaldeans, for their iniquity, and I will make it a ruin forever.
Jerusalem and the other cities of Judah, its kings and its officials, to make them a desolate ruin, an example for scorn and cursing — as it is today;
“The tumult reaches to the ends of the earth
because the LORD brings a case against the nations.
He enters into judgment with all humanity.
As for the wicked, he hands them over to the sword —
this is the LORD's declaration.
Those slain by the LORD on that day will be scattered from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned, gathered, or buried. They will be like manure on the soil's surface.
Wail, you shepherds, and cry out.
Roll in the dust, you leaders of the flock.
Because the days of your slaughter have come,
you will fall and become shattered like a precious vase.
He has left his den like a lion,
for their land has become a desolation
because of the sword[fn] of the oppressor,
because of his burning anger.
“I will make this temple like Shiloh. I will make this city an example for cursing for all the nations of the earth.' ”
When the officials of Judah heard about these things, they went from the king's palace to the LORD's temple and sat at the entrance of the New Gate of the LORD's temple.[fn]
“But know for certain that if you put me to death, you will bring innocent blood on yourselves, on this city, and on its residents, for it is certain the LORD has sent me to speak all these things directly to you.”
“Micah the Moreshite prophesied in the days of King Hezekiah of Judah and said to all the people of Judah, ‘This is what the LORD of Armies says:
Zion will be plowed like a field,
Jerusalem will become ruins,
and the temple's mountain will be a high thicket.'
King Jehoiakim, all his warriors, and all the officials heard his words, and the king tried to put him to death. When Uriah heard, he fled in fear and went to Egypt.
But King Jehoiakim sent men to Egypt: Elnathan son of Achbor and certain other men with him went to Egypt.
They brought Uriah out of Egypt and took him to King Jehoiakim, who executed him with the sword and threw his corpse into the burial place of the common people.[fn]
But Ahikam son of Shaphan supported Jeremiah, so he was not handed over to the people to be put to death.
“Send word to the king of Edom, the king of Moab, the king of the Ammonites, the king of Tyre, and the king of Sidon through messengers who are coming to King Zedekiah of Judah in Jerusalem.
‘They will be taken to Babylon and will remain there until I attend to them again.' This is the LORD's declaration. ‘Then I will bring them up and restore them to this place.' ”
“Within two years I will restore to this place all the articles of the LORD's temple that King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon took from here and transported to Babylon.
The prophet Jeremiah said, “Amen! May the LORD do that. May the LORD make the words you have prophesied come true and may he restore the articles of the LORD's temple and all the exiles from Babylon to this place!
“Only listen to this message I am speaking in your hearing and in the hearing of all the people.
“The prophets who preceded you and me from ancient times prophesied war, disaster,[fn] and plague against many lands and great kingdoms.
“As for the prophet who prophesies peace — only when the word of the prophet comes true will the prophet be recognized as one the LORD has truly sent.”
In the presence of all the people Hananiah proclaimed, “This is what the LORD says: ‘In this way, within two years I will break the yoke of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon from the neck of all the nations.' ” The prophet Jeremiah then went on his way.
This is the text of the letter that the prophet Jeremiah sent from Jerusalem to the remaining exiled elders, the priests, the prophets, and all the people Nebuchadnezzar had deported from Jerusalem to Babylon.
He sent the letter with Elasah son of Shaphan and Gemariah son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent to Babylon to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. The letter stated:
“Pursue the well-being[fn] of the city I have deported you to. Pray to the LORD on its behalf, for when it thrives, you will thrive.”
For this is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: “Don't let your prophets who are among you and your diviners deceive you, and don't listen to the dreams you elicit from them,
For this is what the LORD says: “When seventy years for Babylon are complete, I will attend to you and will confirm my promise concerning you to restore you to this place.
This is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says about Ahab son of Kolaiah and concerning Zedekiah son of Maaseiah, the ones prophesying a lie to you in my name: “I am about to hand them over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, and he will kill them before your very eyes.
“‘The LORD has appointed you priest in place of the priest Jehoiada to be the chief officer in the temple of the LORD, responsible for every madman who acts like a prophet. You must confine him in the stocks and an iron collar.
“For he has sent word to us in Babylon, claiming, “The exile will be long. Build houses and settle down. Plant gardens and eat their produce.” ' ”
“for look, the days are coming” — this is the LORD's declaration — “when I will restore the fortunes[fn] of my people Israel and Judah,” says the LORD. “I will restore them to the land I gave to their ancestors and they will possess it.”
Ask and see
whether a male can give birth.
Why then do I see every man
with his hands on his stomach like a woman in labor
and every face turned pale?
Nevertheless, all who devoured you will be devoured,
and all your adversaries — all of them —
will go off into exile.
Those who plunder you will be plundered,
and all who raid you will be raided.
“At that time” — this is the LORD's declaration — “I will be the God of all the families of Israel, and they will be my people.”
the LORD appeared to him[fn] from far away.
I have loved you with an everlasting love;
therefore, I have continued to extend faithful love to you.
For there will be a day when watchmen will call out
in the hill country of Ephraim,
“Come, let's go up to Zion,
to the LORD our God! ”
They will come weeping,
but I will bring them back with consolation.[fn]
I will lead them to wadis filled with water,
by a smooth way where they will not stumble,
for I am Israel's Father,
and Ephraim is my firstborn.
Nations, hear the word of the LORD,
and tell it among the far off coasts and islands!
Say, “The one who scattered Israel will gather him.
He will watch over him as a shepherd guards his flock,
Then the young women will rejoice with dancing,
while young and old men rejoice together.
I will turn their mourning into joy,
give them consolation,
and bring happiness out of grief.
Set up road markers for yourself;
establish signposts!
Keep the highway in mind,
the way you have traveled.
Return, Virgin Israel!
Return to these cities of yours.
“Instead, this is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after those days” — the LORD's declaration. “I will put my teaching within them and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people.
“This is what the LORD says:
The one who gives the sun for light by day,
the fixed order of moon and stars for light by night,
who stirs up the sea and makes its waves roar —
the LORD of Armies is his name:
“This is what the LORD says:
Only if the heavens above can be measured
and the foundations of the earth below explored,
will I reject all of Israel's descendants
because of all they have done —
this is the LORD's declaration.
“King Zedekiah of Judah will not escape from the Chaldeans; indeed, he will certainly be handed over to Babylon's king. They will speak face to face[fn] and meet eye to eye.
“He will take Zedekiah to Babylon, where he will stay until I attend to him — this is the LORD's declaration. For you will fight the Chaldeans, but you will not succeed.' ”
“Watch! Hanamel, the son of your uncle Shallum, is coming to you to say, ‘Buy my field in Anathoth for yourself, for you own the right of redemption to buy it.'
“Then, as the LORD had said, my cousin Hanamel came to the guard's courtyard and urged me, ‘Please buy my field in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin, for you own the right of inheritance and redemption. Buy it for yourself.' Then I knew that this was the word of the LORD.
“I recorded it on a scroll, sealed it, called in witnesses, and weighed out the silver on the scales.
“‘This is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: Take these scrolls — this purchase agreement with the sealed copy and this open copy — and put them in an earthen storage jar so they will last a long time.
“You show faithful love to thousands but lay the fathers' iniquity on their sons' laps after them, great and mighty God whose name is the LORD of Armies,
“the one great in counsel and powerful in action. Your eyes are on all the ways of the children of men[fn] in order to reward each person according to his ways and as the result of his actions.
“Look! Siege ramps have come against the city to capture it, and the city, as a result of the sword, famine, and plague, has been handed over to the Chaldeans who are fighting against it. What you have spoken has happened. Look, you can see it!
“Yet you, Lord GOD, have said to me, ‘Purchase the field and call in witnesses' — even though the city has been handed over to the Chaldeans! ”
“Therefore, this is what the LORD says: I am about to hand this city over to the Chaldeans, to Babylon's king Nebuchadnezzar, and he will capture it.
“Now therefore, this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says to this city about which you said, ‘It has been handed over to Babylon's king through sword, famine, and plague':
“I will certainly gather them from all the lands where I have banished them in my anger, fury, and intense wrath, and I will return them to this place and make them live in safety.
“I will give them integrity of heart and action[fn] so that they will fear me always, for their good and for the good of their descendants after them.
“I will make a permanent covenant with them: I will never turn away from doing good to them, and I will put fear of me in their hearts so they will never again turn away from me.
“Fields will be bought in this land about which you are saying, ‘It's a desolation without people or animals; it has been handed over to the Chaldeans! '
“For this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says concerning the houses of this city and the palaces of Judah's kings, the ones torn down for defense against the assault ramps and the sword:
“This city will bear on my behalf a name of joy, praise, and glory before all the nations of the earth, who will hear of all the prosperity I will give them. They will tremble with awe because of all the good and all the peace I will bring about for them.
“a sound of joy and gladness, the voice of the groom and the bride, and the voice of those saying,
Give thanks to the LORD of Armies,
for the LORD is good;
his faithful love endures forever
as they bring thanksgiving sacrifices to the temple of the LORD. For I will restore the fortunes of the land as in former times, says the LORD.
“This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: Go, speak to King Zedekiah of Judah, and tell him, ‘This is what the LORD says: I am about to hand this city over to the king of Babylon, and he will burn it.
“As for you, you will not escape from him but are certain to be captured and handed over to him. You will meet the king of Babylon eye to eye and speak face to face;[fn] you will go to Babylon.
Afterward, however, they changed their minds and took back their male and female slaves they had let go free and forced them to become slaves again.
“But you have changed your minds and profaned my name. Each has taken back his male and female slaves who had been set free to go wherever they wanted, and you have again forced them to be your slaves.
“Therefore, this is what the LORD says: You have not obeyed me by proclaiming freedom, each for his fellow Hebrew and for his neighbor. I hereby proclaim freedom for you — this is the LORD's declaration — to the sword, to plague, and to famine! I will make you a horror to all the earth's kingdoms.
“I will hand King Zedekiah of Judah and his officials over to their enemies, to those who intend to take their lives, to the king of Babylon's army that is withdrawing.
“I am about to give the command — this is the LORD's declaration — and I will bring them back to this city. They will fight against it, capture it, and burn it. I will make Judah's cities a desolation, without inhabitant.”
“Go to the house of the Rechabites, speak to them, and bring them to one of the chambers of the temple of the LORD to offer them a drink of wine.”
and I brought them into the temple of the LORD to a chamber occupied by the sons of Hanan son of Igdaliah, a man of God, who had a chamber near the officials' chamber, which was above the chamber of Maaseiah son of Shallum the doorkeeper.
“However, when King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon marched into the land, we said, ‘Come, let's go into Jerusalem to get away from the Chaldean and Aramean armies.' So we have been living in Jerusalem.”
So Jeremiah summoned Baruch son of Neriah. At Jeremiah's dictation,[fn] Baruch wrote on a scroll all the words the LORD had spoken to Jeremiah.
Then Jeremiah commanded Baruch, “I am restricted; I cannot enter the temple of the LORD,
“so you must go and read from the scroll — which you wrote at my dictation[fn] — the words of the LORD in the hearing of the people at the temple of the LORD on a day of fasting. Read his words in the hearing of all the Judeans who are coming from their cities.
he went down to the scribe's chamber in the king's palace. All the officials were sitting there — Elishama the scribe, Delaiah son of Shemaiah, Elnathan son of Achbor, Gemariah son of Shaphan, Zedekiah son of Hananiah, and all the other officials.
Micaiah reported to them all the words he had heard when Baruch read from the scroll in the hearing of the people.
Then all the officials sent word to Baruch through Jehudi son of Nethaniah, son of Shelemiah, son of Cushi, saying, “Bring the scroll that you read in the hearing of the people, and come.” So Baruch son of Neriah took the scroll and went to them.
They said to him, “Sit down and read it in our hearing.” So Baruch read it in their hearing.
Then, after depositing the scroll in the chamber of Elishama the scribe, the officials came to the king at the courtyard and reported everything in the hearing of the king.
The king sent Jehudi to get the scroll, and he took it from the chamber of Elishama the scribe. Jehudi then read it in the hearing of the king and all the officials who were standing by the king.
As soon as Jehudi would read three or four columns, Jehoiakim would cut the scroll[fn] with a scribe's knife and throw the columns into the fire in the hearth until the entire scroll was consumed by the fire in the hearth.
Jeremiah was going about his daily tasks[fn] among the people, for he had not yet been put into the prison.
“This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: This is what you will say to Judah's king, who is sending you to inquire of me: ‘Watch: Pharaoh's army, which has come out to help you, is going to return to its own land of Egypt.
Jeremiah started to leave Jerusalem to go to the land of Benjamin to claim his portion there among the people.
“That's a lie,” Jeremiah replied. “I am not defecting to the Chaldeans! ” Irijah would not listen to him but apprehended Jeremiah and took him to the officials.
The officials were angry at Jeremiah and beat him and placed him in jail in the house of Jonathan the scribe, for it had been made into a prison.
King Zedekiah later sent for him and received him, and in his house privately asked him, “Is there a word from the LORD? ”
“There is,” Jeremiah responded. He continued, “You will be handed over to the king of Babylon.”
Then Jeremiah said to King Zedekiah, “How have I sinned against you or your servants or these people that you have put me in prison?
“So now please listen, my lord the king. May my petition come before you. Don't send me back to the house of Jonathan the scribe, or I will die there.”
So King Zedekiah gave orders, and Jeremiah was placed in the guard's courtyard. He was given a loaf of bread each day from the bakers' street until all the bread was gone from the city. So Jeremiah remained in the guard's courtyard.
“This is what the LORD says: ‘Whoever stays in this city will die by the sword, famine, and plague, but whoever surrenders to the Chaldeans will live. He will retain his life like the spoils of war and will live.'
“This is what the LORD says: ‘This city will most certainly be handed over to the king of Babylon's army, and he will capture it.' ”
So they took Jeremiah and dropped him into the cistern of Malchiah the king's son, which was in the guard's courtyard, lowering Jeremiah with ropes. There was no water in the cistern, only mud, and Jeremiah sank in the mud.
But Ebed-melech, a Cushite court official in the king's palace, heard Jeremiah had been put into the cistern. While the king was sitting at the Benjamin Gate,
So the king commanded Ebed-melech, the Cushite, “Take from here thirty men under your authority[fn] and pull the prophet Jeremiah up from the cistern before he dies.”
King Zedekiah sent for the prophet Jeremiah and received him at the third entrance of the LORD's temple. The king said to Jeremiah, “I am going to ask you something; don't hide anything from me.”
King Zedekiah swore to Jeremiah in private, “As the LORD lives, who has given us this life, I will not kill you or hand you over to these men who intend to take your life.”
“But if you do not surrender to the officials of the king of Babylon, then this city will be handed over to the Chaldeans. They will burn it, and you yourself will not escape from them.' ”
But King Zedekiah said to Jeremiah, “I am worried about the Judeans who have defected to the Chaldeans. They may hand me over to the Judeans to abuse me.”
“If they do, tell them, ‘I was bringing before the king my petition that he not return me to the house of Jonathan to die there.' ”
“Go tell Ebed-melech the Cushite, ‘This is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: I am about to fulfill my words for disaster and not for good against this city. They will take place before your eyes on that day.
“But I will rescue you on that day — this is the LORD's declaration — and you will not be handed over to the men you dread.
“Indeed, I will certainly deliver you so that you do not fall by the sword. Because you have trusted in me, you will retain your life like the spoils of war. This is the LORD's declaration.' ”
This is the word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD after Nebuzaradan, captain of the guards, released him at Ramah. When he found him, he was bound in chains with all the exiles of Jerusalem and Judah who were being exiled to Babylon.
“Now pay attention: Today I am setting you free from the chains that were on your hands. If it pleases you to come with me to Babylon, come, and I will take care of you. But if it seems wrong to you to come with me to Babylon, go no farther.[fn] Look — the whole land is in front of you. Wherever it seems good and right for you to go, go there.”
When Jeremiah had not yet turned to go, Nebuzaradan said to him,[fn] “Return[fn] to Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon has appointed over the cities of Judah, and stay with him among the people or go wherever it seems right for you to go.” So the captain of the guards gave him a ration and a gift and released him.
Jeremiah therefore went to Gedaliah son of Ahikam at Mizpah, and he stayed with him among the people who remained in the land.
All the commanders of the armies that were in the countryside — they and their men — heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam over the land. He had been put in charge of the men, women, and children from among the poorest of the land, who had not been deported to Babylon.
So they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. The commanders included Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth, the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah son of the Maacathite — they and their men.
“As for me, I am going to live in Mizpah to represent you[fn] before the Chaldeans who come to us. As for you, gather wine, summer fruit, and oil, place them in your storage jars, and live in the cities you have captured.”
they all returned from all the places where they had been banished and came to the land of Judah, to Gedaliah at Mizpah, and harvested a great amount of wine and summer fruit.
Meanwhile, Johanan son of Kareah and all the commanders of the armies in the countryside came to Gedaliah at Mizpah
In the seventh month, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, of the royal family and one of the king's chief officers, came with ten men to Gedaliah son of Ahikam at Mizpah. They ate a meal together there in Mizpah,
eighty men came from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria who had shaved their beards, torn their clothes, and gashed themselves, and who were carrying grain and incense offerings to bring to the temple of the LORD.
Ishmael son of Nethaniah came out of Mizpah to meet them, weeping as he came. When he encountered them, he said, “Come to Gedaliah son of Ahikam! ”
But when they came into the city, Ishmael son of Nethaniah and the men with him slaughtered them and threw them into[fn] a cistern.
Now the cistern where Ishmael had thrown all the corpses of the men he had struck down was a large one[fn] that King Asa had made in the encounter with King Baasha of Israel. Ishmael son of Nethaniah filled it with the slain.
Then Ishmael took captive all the rest of the people of Mizpah including the daughters of the king — all those who remained in Mizpah over whom Nebuzaradan, captain of the guards, had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam. Ishmael son of Nethaniah took them captive and set off to cross over to the Ammonites.
They left, stopping in Geruth Chimham, which is near Bethlehem, in order to make their way into Egypt,
And they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us if we don't act according to every word the LORD your God sends you to tell us.
“I will grant you compassion, and he[fn] will have compassion on you and allow you to return to your own soil.'
“and if you say, ‘No, instead we'll go to the land of Egypt where we will not see war or hear the sound of the ram's horn or hunger for food, and we'll live there,'
“then hear the word of the LORD, remnant of Judah! This is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: ‘If you are firmly resolved to go to Egypt and stay there for a while,
“All who resolve to go to Egypt to stay there for a while will die by the sword, famine, and plague. They will have no survivor or fugitive from the disaster I will bring on them.'
“For this is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: ‘Just as my anger and fury were poured out on Jerusalem's residents, so will my fury pour out on you if you go to Egypt. You will become an example for cursing, scorn, execration, and disgrace, and you will never see this place again.'
“The LORD has spoken concerning you, remnant of Judah: ‘Don't go to Egypt.' Know for certain that I have warned you today!
then Azariah[fn] son of Hoshaiah, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the other arrogant men responded to Jeremiah, “You are speaking a lie! The LORD our God has not sent you to say, ‘You must not go to Egypt to stay there for a while! '
“Rather, Baruch son of Neriah is inciting you against us to hand us over to the Chaldeans to put us to death or to deport us to Babylon! ”
They went to the land of Egypt because they did not obey the LORD. They went as far as Tahpanhes.
“He will come and strike down the land of Egypt — those destined for death, to death; those destined for captivity, to captivity; and those destined for the sword, to the sword.
“So my fierce wrath poured out and burned in Judah's cities and Jerusalem's streets so that they became the desolate ruin they are today.
“You are angering me by the work of your hands. You are burning incense to other gods in the land of Egypt where you have gone to stay for a while. As a result, you will be cut off and become an example for cursing and insult among all the nations of earth.
“And I will take away the remnant of Judah, those who have set their face to go to the land of Egypt to stay there. All of them will meet their end in the land of Egypt. They will fall by the sword; they will meet their end by famine. From the least to the greatest, they will die by the sword and by famine. Then they will become an example for cursing, scorn, execration, and disgrace.
“Then the remnant of Judah — those going to live for a while there in the land of Egypt — will have no fugitive or survivor to return to the land of Judah where they are longing[fn] to return to stay, for they will not return except for a few fugitives.”
“The LORD can no longer bear your evil deeds and the detestable acts you have committed, so your land has become a waste, a desolation, and an example for cursing, without inhabitant, as you see today.
Those who escape the sword will return from the land of Egypt to the land of Judah only few in number, and the whole remnant of Judah, the ones going to the land of Egypt to stay there for a while, will know whose word stands, mine or theirs!
This will be a sign to you' — this is the LORD's declaration — ‘that I will punish you in this place, so you may know that my words of disaster concerning you will certainly come to pass.
This is what the LORD says: I am about to hand over Pharaoh Hophra, Egypt's king, to his enemies, to those who intend to take his life, just as I handed over Judah's King Zedekiah to Babylon's King Nebuchadnezzar, who was his enemy, the one who intended to take his life.' ”
“But as for you, do you pursue great things for yourself? Stop pursuing! For I am about to bring disaster on all humanity” — this is the LORD's declaration — “but I will grant you your life like the spoils of war wherever you go.” ' ”
Go up to Gilead and get balm,
Virgin Daughter Egypt!
You have multiplied remedies in vain;
there is no healing for you.
Announce it in Egypt, and proclaim it in Migdol!
Proclaim it in Memphis and in Tahpanhes!
Say, “Take positions! Prepare yourself,
for the sword devours all around you.”
He continues to stumble.
Indeed, each falls over the other.
They say, “Get up! Let's return to our people
and to our native land,
away from the oppressor's sword.”
Get your bags ready for exile,
inhabitant of Daughter Egypt!
For Memphis will become a desolation,
uninhabited ruins.
And you, my servant Jacob, do not be afraid —
this is the LORD's declaration —
for I will be with you.
I will bring destruction on all the nations
where I have banished you,
but I will not bring destruction on you.
I will discipline you with justice,
and I will by no means leave you unpunished.
This is what the LORD says:
Look, water is rising from the north
and becoming an overflowing wadi.
It will overflow the land and everything in it,
the cities and their inhabitants.
The people will cry out,
and every inhabitant of the land will wail.
Oh, sword of the LORD!
How long will you be restless?
Go back to your sheath;
be still; be silent!
Moab has been left quiet since his youth,
settled like wine on its dregs.
He hasn't been poured from one container to another
or gone into exile.
So his taste has remained the same,
and his aroma hasn't changed.
The destroyer of Moab and its towns
has come up,[fn]
and the best of its young men
have gone down to slaughter.
This is the King's declaration;
the LORD of Armies is his name.
Come down from glory; sit on parched ground,
resident of the daughter of Dibon,
for the destroyer of Moab has come against you;
he has destroyed your fortresses.
“Make him drunk, because he has exalted himself against the LORD. Moab will wallow in his own vomit, and he will also become a laughingstock.
“Wasn't Israel a laughingstock to you? Was he ever found among thieves? For whenever you speak of him you shake your head.”
“There is a cry from Heshbon to Elealeh; they make their voices heard as far as Jahaz — from Zoar to Horonaim and Eglath-shelishiyah — because even the Waters of Nimrim have become desolate.
“How broken it is! They wail! How Moab has turned his back! He is ashamed. Moab will become a laughingstock and a shock to all those around him.”
He who flees from the panic will fall in the pit,
and he who climbs from the pit
will be captured in the trap,
for I will bring against Moab
the year of their punishment.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Therefore look, the days are coming —
this is the LORD's declaration —
when I will make the shout of battle heard
against Rabbah of the Ammonites.
It will become a desolate mound,
and its surrounding villages will be set on fire.
Israel will dispossess their dispossessors,
says the LORD.
Look, I am about to bring terror on you —
this is the declaration of the Lord GOD of Armies —
from all those around you.
You will be banished, each person headlong,
with no one to gather up the fugitives.
Run! Turn back! Lie low,
residents of Dedan,
for I will bring Esau's calamity on him
at the time I punish him.
“For by myself I have sworn” — this is the LORD's declaration — “Bozrah[fn] will become a desolation, a disgrace, a ruin, and an example for cursing, and all its surrounding cities will become ruins forever.”
I have heard an envoy from the LORD;
a messenger has been sent among the nations:
Assemble yourselves to come against her.
Rise up for war!
“Edom will become a desolation. Everyone who passes by her will be appalled and scoff because of all her wounds.
“Look, it will be like a lion coming from the thickets[fn] of the Jordan to the watered grazing land. I will chase Edom away from her land in a flash. I will appoint whoever is chosen for her. For who is like me? Who will issue me a summons? Who is the shepherd who can stand against me? ”
Damascus has become weak;
she has turned to run;
panic has gripped her.
Distress and labor pains have seized her
like a woman in labor.
Run! Escape quickly! Lie low,
residents of Hazor —
this is the LORD's declaration —
for King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon
has drawn up a plan against you;
he has devised a strategy against you.
Rise up, attack a nation at ease,
one living in security.
This is the LORD's declaration.
They have no doors, not even a gate bar;
they live alone.
Their camels will become plunder,
and their massive herds of cattle will become spoil.
I will scatter them to the wind in every direction,
those who clip the hair on their temples;
I will bring calamity on them across all their borders.
This is the LORD's declaration.
For a nation from the north will attack her;
it will make her land desolate.
No one will be living in it —
both people and animals will escape.[fn]
The Chaldeans will become plunder;
all Babylon's plunderers will be fully satisfied.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Because of the LORD's wrath,
she will not be inhabited;
she will become a desolation, every bit of her.
Everyone who passes through Babylon
will be appalled
and scoff because of all her wounds.
Cut off the sower from Babylon
as well as him who wields the sickle at harvest time.
Because of the oppressor's sword,
each will turn to his own people,
each will flee to his own land.
I will return Israel to his grazing land,
and he will feed on Carmel and Bashan;
he will be satisfied
in the hill country of Ephraim and of Gilead.
How the hammer of the whole earth
is cut down and smashed!
What a horror Babylon has become
among the nations!
Put all her young bulls to the sword;
let them go down to the slaughter.
Woe to them because their day has come,
the time of their punishment.
There is a voice of fugitives and refugees
from the land of Babylon.
The voice announces in Zion the vengeance of the LORD our God,
the vengeance for his temple.
Therefore, desert creatures[fn] will live with hyenas,
and ostriches will also live in her.
It will never again be inhabited
or lived in through all generations.
They grasp bow and javelin.
They are cruel and show no mercy.
Their voice roars like the sea,
and they ride on horses,
lined up like men in battle formation
against you, Daughter Babylon.
I will send strangers to Babylon
who will scatter her and strip her land bare,
for they will come against her
from every side in the day of disaster.
We tried to heal Babylon,
but she could not be healed.
Abandon her!
Let each of us go to his own land,
for her judgment extends to the sky
and reaches as far as the clouds.
The LORD has brought about our vindication;
come, let's tell in Zion
what the LORD our God has accomplished.
Sharpen the arrows!
Fill the quivers![fn]
The LORD has roused the spirit
of the kings of the Medes
because his plan is aimed at Babylon
to destroy her,
for it is the LORD's vengeance,
vengeance for his temple.
You who reside by abundant water,
rich in treasures,
your end has come,
your life thread is cut.
When he thunders,[fn]
the waters in the heavens are tumultuous,
and he causes the clouds
to rise from the ends of the earth.
He makes lightning for the rain
and brings the wind from his storehouses.
No one will be able to retrieve a cornerstone
or a foundation stone from you,
because you will become desolate forever.
This is the LORD's declaration.
The earth quakes and trembles
because the LORD's intentions against Babylon stand:
to make the land of Babylon a desolation, without inhabitant.
Messenger races to meet messenger,
and herald to meet herald,
to announce to the king of Babylon
that his city has been captured
from end to end.
“Let the violence done to me and my family be done to Babylon,”
says the inhabitant of Zion.
“Let my blood be on the inhabitants of Chaldea,”
says Jerusalem.
Babylon will become a heap of rubble,
a jackals' den,
a desolation and an object of scorn,
without inhabitant.
I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter,
like rams together with male goats.
How Sheshak[fn] has been captured,
the praise of the whole earth seized.
What a horror Babylon has become
among the nations!
We are ashamed
because we have heard insults.
Humiliation covers our faces
because foreigners have entered
the holy places of the LORD's temple.
For the LORD is going to devastate Babylon;
he will silence her mighty voice.
Their waves roar like a huge torrent;
the tumult of their voice resounds,
This is what the LORD of Armies says:
Babylon's thick walls will be totally demolished,
and her high gates set ablaze.
The peoples will have labored for nothing;
the nations will weary themselves only to feed the fire.
This is what the prophet Jeremiah commanded Seraiah son of Neriah son of Mahseiah, the quartermaster, when he went to Babylon with King Zedekiah of Judah in the fourth year of Zedekiah's reign.
Jeremiah told Seraiah, “When you get to Babylon, see that you read all these words aloud.
“Say, ‘LORD, you have threatened to cut off this place so that no one will live in it — people or animals. Indeed, it will remain desolate forever.'
“When you have finished reading this scroll, tie a stone to it and throw it into the middle of the Euphrates River.
Then the city was broken into, and all the warriors fled. They left the city at night by way of the city gate between the two walls near the king's garden, though the Chaldeans surrounded the city. They made their way along the route to the Arabah.
The Chaldeans seized the king and brought him to the king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, and he passed sentence on him.
Then he blinded Zedekiah and bound him with bronze chains. The king of Babylon brought Zedekiah to Babylon, where he kept him in custody[fn] until his dying day.
On the tenth day of the fifth month — which was the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon — Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guards, entered Jerusalem as the representative of[fn] the king of Babylon.
But Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guards, left some of the poorest of the land to be vinedressers and farmers.
Now the Chaldeans broke into pieces the bronze pillars for the LORD's temple and the water carts and the bronze basin[fn] that were in the LORD's temple, and they carried all the bronze to Babylon.
As for the two pillars, the one basin, with the twelve bronze oxen under it, and the water carts[fn] that King Solomon had made for the LORD's temple, the weight of the bronze of all these articles was beyond measure.
Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guards, took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah.
As for his allowance, a regular allowance was given to him by the king of Babylon, a portion for each day until the day of his death, for the rest of his life.
How[fn] she sits alone,
the city once crowded with people!
She who was great among the nations
has become like a widow.
The princess among the provinces
has been put to forced labor.
She weeps bitterly during the night,
with tears on her cheeks.
There is no one to offer her comfort,
not one from all her lovers.[fn]
All her friends have betrayed her;
they have become her enemies.
Her adversaries have become her masters;
her enemies are at ease,
for the LORD has made her suffer
because of her many transgressions.
Her children have gone away
as captives before the adversary.
During the days of her affliction and homelessness
Jerusalem remembers all her precious belongings
that were hers in days of old.
When her people fell into the adversary's hand,
she had no one to help.
The adversaries looked at her,
laughing over her downfall.
Jerusalem has sinned grievously;
therefore, she has become an object of scorn.[fn]
All who honored her now despise her,
for they have seen her nakedness.
She herself groans and turns away.
The adversary has seized
all her precious belongings.
She has even seen the nations
enter her sanctuary —
those you had forbidden
to enter your assembly.
He sent fire from on high into my bones;
he made it descend.[fn]
He spread a net for my feet
and turned me back.
He made me desolate,
sick all day long.
Zion stretches out her hands;
there is no one to comfort her.
The LORD has issued a decree against Jacob
that his neighbors should be his adversaries.
Jerusalem has become
something impure among them.
How the Lord has overshadowed
Daughter Zion with his anger!
He has thrown down Israel's glory
from heaven to earth.
He did not acknowledge his footstool
in the day of his anger.
Without compassion the Lord has swallowed up
all the dwellings of Jacob.
In his wrath he has demolished
the fortified cities of Daughter Judah.
He brought them to the ground
and defiled the kingdom and its leaders.
Zion's gates have fallen to the ground;
he has destroyed and shattered the bars on her gates.
Her king and her leaders live among the nations,
instruction[fn] is no more,
and even her prophets receive
no vision from the LORD.
The elders of Daughter Zion
sit on the ground in silence.
They have thrown dust on their heads
and put on sackcloth.
The young women of Jerusalem
have bowed their heads to the ground.
My eyes are worn out from weeping;
I am churning within.
My heart is poured out in grief[fn]
because of the destruction of my dear people,
because infants and nursing babies faint
in the streets of the city.
They cry out to their mothers,
“Where is the grain and wine? ”
as they faint like the wounded
in the streets of the city,
as their life pours out
in the arms of their mothers.
Arise, cry out in the night
from the first watch of the night.
Pour out your heart like water
before the Lord's presence.
Lift up your hands to him
for the lives of your children
who are fainting from hunger
at the head of every street.
Both young and old
are lying on the ground in the streets.
My young women and young men
have fallen by the sword.
You have killed them in the day of your anger,
slaughtering without compassion.
Zion's precious children —
once worth their weight in pure gold —
how they are regarded as clay jars,
the work of a potter's hands!
Even jackals offer their breasts
to nurse their young,
but my dear people have become cruel
like ostriches in the wilderness.
The hands of compassionate women
have cooked their own children;
they became their food
during the destruction of my dear people.
All the while our eyes were failing
as we looked in vain for help;
we watched from our towers
for a nation that would not save us.
When he unrolled it before me, it was written on the front and back; words of lamentation, mourning, and woe were written on it.
“Son of man,” he said to me, “feed your stomach and fill your belly with this scroll I am giving you.” So I ate it, and it was as sweet as honey in my mouth.
Next he said to me, “Son of man, listen carefully to all my words that I speak to you and take them to heart.
“Go to your people, the exiles, and speak to them. Tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,' whether they listen or refuse to listen.”
I came to the exiles at Tel-abib, who were living by the Chebar Canal, and I sat there among them stunned for seven days.
“Now if a righteous person turns from his righteousness and acts unjustly, and I put a stumbling block in front of him, he will die. If you did not warn him, he will die because of his sin, and the righteous acts he did will not be remembered. Yet I will hold you responsible for his blood.
The hand of the LORD was on me there, and he said to me, “Get up, go out to the plain, and I will speak with you there.”
So I got up and went out to the plain. The LORD's glory was present there, like the glory I had seen by the Chebar Canal, and I fell facedown.
“I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth, and you will be mute and unable to be a mediator for[fn] them, for they are a rebellious house.
“For I have assigned you the years of their iniquity according to the number of days you lie down, 390 days; so you will bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.
“When you have completed these days, lie down again, but on your right side, and bear the iniquity of the house of Judah. I have assigned you forty days, a day for each year.
“Also take wheat, barley, beans, lentils, millet, and spelt. Put them in a single container and make them into bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the number of days you lie on your side, 390 days.
But I said, “Oh, Lord GOD, I have never been defiled. From my youth until now I have not eaten anything that died naturally or was mauled by wild beasts. And impure meat has never entered my mouth.”
“Take some more of them, throw them into the fire, and burn them in it. A fire will spread from it to the whole house of Israel.
“As a result, fathers will eat their sons within Jerusalem,[fn] and sons will eat their fathers. I will execute judgments against you and scatter all your survivors to every direction of the wind.
“A third of your people will die by plague and be consumed by famine within you; a third will fall by the sword all around you; and I will scatter a third to every direction of the wind, and I will draw a sword to chase after them.
“I will make you a ruin and a disgrace among the nations around you, in the sight of everyone who passes by.
“When I shoot deadly arrows of famine at them, arrows for destruction that I will send to destroy you, inhabitants of Jerusalem, I will intensify the famine against you and cut off your supply of bread.
“I will stretch out my hand against them, and wherever they live I will make the land a desolate waste, from the wilderness to Riblah.[fn] Then they will know that I am the LORD.”
He appointed his beautiful ornaments for majesty,
but[fn] they made their detestable images from them,
their abhorrent things.
Therefore, I have made these
into something filthy to them.
I will hand these things over
to foreigners as plunder
and to the wicked of the earth as spoil,
and they will profane them.
I will turn my face from them
as they profane my treasured place.
Violent men will enter it and profane it.
He stretched out what appeared to be a hand and took me by the hair of my head. Then the Spirit lifted me up between earth and heaven and carried me in visions of God to Jerusalem, to the entrance of the inner gate that faces north, where the offensive statue that provokes jealousy was located.
So he brought me to the inner court of the LORD's house, and there were about twenty-five men at the entrance of the LORD's temple, between the portico and the altar, with their backs to the LORD's temple and their faces turned to the east. They were bowing to the east in worship of the sun.
Then he called loudly in my hearing, “Come near, executioners of the city, each of you with a destructive weapon in his hand.”
Then the glory of the God of Israel rose from above the cherub where it had been, to the threshold of the temple. He called to the man clothed in linen and carrying writing equipment.
He spoke to the others in my hearing: “Pass through the city after him and start killing; do not show pity or spare them!
“Slaughter the old men, the young men and women, as well as the children and older women, but do not come near anyone who has the mark. Begin at my sanctuary.” So they began with the elders who were in front of the temple.
“But as for me, I will not show pity or spare them. I will bring their conduct down on their own heads.”
The LORD spoke to the man clothed in linen and said, “Go inside the wheelwork beneath the cherubim. Fill your hands with blazing coals from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.” So he went in as I watched.
Then the glory of the LORD rose from above the cherub to the threshold of the temple. The temple was filled with the cloud, and the court was filled with the brightness of the LORD's glory.
Then the cherub reached out his hand to the fire that was among them. He took some and put it into the hands of the man clothed in linen, who took it and went out.
When they moved, they would go in any of the four directions, without pivoting as they moved. But wherever the head faced, they would go in that direction, without pivoting as they went.
“I will take you out of the city and hand you over to foreigners; I will execute judgments against you.
“The city will not be a pot for you, and you will not be the meat within it. I will judge you at the border of Israel,
Now while I was prophesying, Pelatiah son of Benaiah died. Then I fell facedown and cried out loudly, “Oh, Lord GOD! You are bringing the remnant of Israel to an end! ”
“Therefore say, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Though I sent them far away among the nations and scattered them among the countries, yet for a little while I have been a sanctuary for them in the countries where they have gone.'
“so that they will follow my statutes, keep my ordinances, and practice them. They will be my people, and I will be their God.
“But as for those whose hearts pursue their desire for abhorrent acts and detestable practices, I will bring their conduct down on their own heads.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
The Spirit lifted me up and brought me to Chaldea and to the exiles in a vision from the Spirit of God. After the vision I had seen left me,
“Now you, son of man, get your bags ready for exile and go into exile in their sight during the day. You will go into exile from your place to another place while they watch; perhaps they will understand, though they are a rebellious house.
“But I will spread my net over him, and he will be caught in my snare. I will bring him to Babylon, the land of the Chaldeans, yet he will not see it, and he will die there.
“I will also scatter all the attendants who surround him and all his troops to every direction of the wind, and I will draw a sword to chase after them.
“The inhabited cities will be destroyed, and the land will become dreadful. Then you will know that I am the LORD.' ”
“Son of man, notice that the house of Israel is saying, ‘The vision that he sees concerns many years from now; he prophesies about distant times.'
“My hand will be against the prophets who see false visions and speak lying divinations. They will not be present in the council of my people or be recorded in the register of the house of Israel, and they will not enter the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the Lord GOD.
therefore, tell those plastering it with whitewash that it will fall. Torrential rain will come, and I will send hailstones plunging[fn] down, and a whirlwind will be released.
“ ‘So this is what the Lord GOD says: I will release a whirlwind in my wrath. Torrential rain will come in my anger, and hailstones will fall in destructive fury.
“ ‘Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says: I am against your magic bands with which you ensnare people like birds, and I will tear them from your arms. I will free the people you have ensnared like birds.
“I will also tear off your veils and rescue my people from your hands, so that they will no longer be prey in your hands. Then you will know that I am the LORD.
“I will turn against that one and make him a sign and a proverb; I will cut him off from among my people. Then you will know that I am the LORD.
“in order that the house of Israel may no longer stray from following me and no longer defile themselves with all their transgressions. Then they will be my people and I will be their God. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.' ”
“Suppose I allow dangerous animals to pass through the land and depopulate it so that it becomes desolate, with no one passing through it for fear of the animals.
“Even if these three men were in it, as I live” — the declaration of the Lord GOD — “they could not rescue their sons or daughters. They alone would be rescued, but the land would be desolate.
“Can wood be taken from it to make something useful? Or can anyone make a peg from it to hang things on?
“In fact, it is put into the fire as fuel. The fire devours both of its ends, and the middle is charred. Can it be useful for anything?
“Even when it was whole it could not be made into a useful object. How much less can it ever be made into anything useful when the fire has devoured it and it is charred! ”
Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says, “Like the wood of the vine among the trees of the forest, which I have given to the fire as fuel, so I will give up the residents of Jerusalem.
“I will make the land desolate because they have acted unfaithfully.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“The food that I gave you — the fine flour, oil, and honey that I fed you — you set it before them as a pleasing aroma. That is what happened. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“ ‘You even took your sons and daughters you bore to me and sacrificed them to these images as food. Wasn't your prostitution enough?
“ ‘Therefore, I stretched out my hand against you and reduced your provisions. I gave you over to the desire of those who hate you, the Philistine women, who were embarrassed by your indecent conduct.
“This is what the Lord GOD says: Because your lust was poured out and your nakedness exposed by your acts of prostitution with your lovers, and because of all your detestable idols and the blood of your children that you gave to them,
“I will hand you over to them, and they will demolish your mounds and tear down your elevated places. They will strip off your clothes, take your beautiful jewelry, and leave you stark naked.
“Because you did not remember the days of your youth but enraged me with all these things, I will also bring your conduct down on your own head. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD. Haven't you committed depravity in addition to all your detestable practices?
“Then you will remember your ways and be ashamed when you[fn] receive your older and younger sisters. I will give them to you as daughters, but not because of your covenant.
“You are to say, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: A huge eagle with powerful wings, long feathers, and full plumage of many colors came to Lebanon and took the top of the cedar.
“He plucked off its topmost shoot, brought it to the land of merchants, and set it in a city of traders.
“Then he took some of the land's seed and put it in a fertile field; he set it like a willow, a plant[fn] by abundant water.
“It sprouted and became a spreading vine, low in height with its branches turned toward him, yet its roots stayed under it. So it became a vine, produced branches, and sent out shoots.
“It had been planted in a good field by abundant water in order to produce branches, bear fruit, and become a splendid vine.'
“Now say to that rebellious house, ‘Don't you know what these things mean? ' Tell them, ‘The king of Babylon came to Jerusalem, took its king and officials, and brought them back with him to Babylon.
“so that the kingdom would be humble and not exalt itself but would keep his covenant in order to endure.
“However, this king revolted against him by sending his ambassadors to Egypt so they might give him horses and a large army. Will he flourish? Will the one who does such things escape? Can he break a covenant and still escape?
“ ‘Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says: As I live, I will bring down on his head my oath that he despised and my covenant that he broke.
“All the fugitives[fn] among his troops will fall by the sword, and those who survive will be scattered to every direction of the wind. Then you will know that I, the LORD, have spoken.
“I will plant it on Israel's high mountain
so that it may bear branches, produce fruit,
and become a majestic cedar.
Birds of every kind will nest under it,
taking shelter in the shade of its branches.
“and when he oppresses the poor and needy, commits robbery, and does not return collateral, and when he looks to the idols, commits detestable acts,
“He does not eat at the mountain shrines or look to the idols of the house of Israel. He does not defile his neighbor's wife.
“Therefore, house of Israel, I will judge each one of you according to his ways.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD. “Repent and turn from all your rebellious acts, so they will not become a sinful stumbling block to you.
“Throw off all the transgressions you have committed, and get yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why should you die, house of Israel?
“When the nations heard about him,
he was caught in their pit.
Then they led him away with hooks
to the land of Egypt.
“They put a wooden yoke on him[fn] with hooks
and led him away to the king of Babylon.
They brought him into the fortresses
so his roar could no longer be heard
on the mountains of Israel.
“Fire has gone out from its main branch[fn]
and has devoured its fruit,
so that it no longer has a strong branch,
a scepter for ruling.
This is a lament and should be used as a lament.”
On that day I swore[fn] to them that I would bring them out of the land of Egypt into a land I had searched out for them, a land flowing with milk and honey, the most beautiful of all lands.
“I also gave them my Sabbaths to serve as a sign between me and them, so that they would know that I am the LORD who consecrates them.
“However, I swore to them in the wilderness that I would not bring them into the land I had given them — the most beautiful of all lands, flowing with milk and honey —
“Yet I spared them from destruction and did not bring them to an end in the wilderness.
“Keep my Sabbaths holy, and they will be a sign between me and you, so you may know that I am the LORD your God.”
“Therefore, son of man, speak to the house of Israel, and tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: In this way also your ancestors blasphemed me by committing treachery against me:
“When I brought them into the land that I swore to give them and they saw any high hill or leafy tree, they offered their sacrifices and presented their offensive offerings there. They also sent up their pleasing aromas and poured out their drink offerings there.
I will lead you into the wilderness of the peoples and enter into judgment with you there face to face.
I will purge you of those who rebel and transgress against me. I will bring them out of the land where they live as foreign residents, but they will not enter the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the LORD.
“For on my holy mountain, Israel's high mountain — the declaration of the Lord GOD — there the entire house of Israel, all of them, will serve me in the land. There I will accept them and will require your contributions and choicest gifts, all your holy offerings.
“When I lead you into the land of Israel, the land I swore to give your ancestors, you will know that I am the LORD.
“It is sharpened for slaughter,
polished to flash like lightning!
Should we rejoice?
The scepter of my son,
the sword despises every tree.[fn]
“The sword is given to be polished,
to be grasped in the hand.
It is sharpened, and it is polished,
to be put in the hand of the slayer.'
“Now you, son of man, prophesy, and say, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says concerning the Ammonites and their contempt.' You are to proclaim,
‘A sword! A sword
is drawn for slaughter,
polished to consume, to flash like lightning.
“I will pour out my indignation on you;
I will blow the fire of my fury on you.
I will hand you over to brutal men,
skilled at destruction.
“Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says: Because all of you have become dross, I am about to gather you into Jerusalem.
“Just as one gathers silver, copper, iron, lead, and tin into the furnace to blow fire on them and melt them, so I will gather you in my anger and wrath, put you inside, and melt you.
“I searched for a man among them who would repair the wall and stand in the gap before me on behalf of the land so that I might not destroy it, but I found no one.
“So I have poured out my indignation on them and consumed them with the fire of my fury. I have brought their conduct down on their own heads.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“They exposed her nakedness, seized her sons and daughters, and killed her with the sword. Since they executed judgment against her, she became notorious among women.
“At the sight of them[fn] she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.
“Then the Babylonians came to her, to the bed of love, and defiled her with their lust. But after she was defiled by them, she turned away from them in disgust.
“For this is what the Lord GOD says: I am going to hand you over to those you hate, to those you turned away from in disgust.
“On the same day they slaughtered their children for their idols, they entered my sanctuary to profane it. Yes, that is what they did inside my house.
“Son of man, write down today's date, this very day. The king of Babylon has laid siege to Jerusalem this very day.
“Now speak a parable to the rebellious house. Tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says:
Put the pot on the fire —
put it on,
and then pour water into it!
“Place the pieces of meat in it,
every good piece —
thigh and shoulder.
Fill it with choice bones.
“In order to stir up wrath and take vengeance,
I have put her blood on the bare rock,
so that it would not be covered.
“Now Ezekiel will be a sign for you. You will do everything that he has done. When this happens, you will know that I am the Lord GOD.'
“On that day your mouth will be opened to talk with him; you will speak and no longer be mute. So you will be a sign for them, and they will know that I am the LORD.”
therefore I am about to give you to the people of the east as a possession. They will set up their encampments and pitch their tents among you. They will eat your fruit and drink your milk.
I will make Rabbah a pasture for camels and Ammon a resting place for sheep. Then you will know that I am the LORD.
“therefore I am about to stretch out my hand against you and give you as plunder to the nations. I will cut you off from the peoples and eliminate you from the countries. I will destroy you, and you will know that I am the LORD.
I will give it along with Ammon to the people of the east as a possession, so that Ammon will not be remembered among the nations.
“ ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Because Edom acted vengefully against the house of Judah and incurred grievous guilt by taking revenge on them,
“They will destroy the walls of Tyre and demolish her towers. I will scrape the soil from her and turn her into a bare rock.
“She will become a place in the sea to spread nets, for I have spoken.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD. “She will become plunder for the nations,
“His horses will be so numerous that their dust will cover you. When he enters your gates as an army entering a breached city, your walls will shake from the noise of cavalry, wagons, and chariots.
“They will take your wealth as spoil and plunder your merchandise. They will also demolish your walls and tear down your beautiful homes. Then they will throw your stones, timber, and soil into the water.
“I will turn you into a bare rock, and you will be a place to spread nets. You will never be rebuilt, for I, the LORD, have spoken.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“I will make you an object of horror, and you will no longer exist. You will be sought but will never be found again.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“Judah and the land of Israel were your merchants. They exchanged wheat from Minnith, meal,[fn] honey, oil, and balm, for your goods.
“Those who trade among the peoples
scoff[fn] at you;
you have become an object of horror
and will never exist again.” ' ”
“I am about to bring strangers against you,
ruthless men from the nations.
They will draw their swords
against your magnificent wisdom
and will pierce your splendor.
“You profaned your sanctuaries
by the magnitude of your iniquities
in your dishonest trade.
So I made fire come from within you,
and it consumed you.
I reduced you to ashes on the ground
in the sight of everyone watching you.
“All those who know you among the peoples
are appalled at you.
You have become an object of horror
and will never exist again.' ”
I will put hooks in your jaws
and make the fish of your streams
cling to your scales.
I will haul you up
from the middle of your Nile,
and all the fish of your streams
will cling to your scales.
I will leave you in the desert,
you and all the fish of your streams.
You will fall on the open ground
and will not be taken away
or gathered for burial.
I have given you
to the wild creatures of the earth
and the birds of the sky as food.
therefore, I am against you and your Nile. I will turn the land of Egypt into ruins, a desolate waste from Migdol to Syene, as far as the border of Cush.
“It will never again be an object of trust for the house of Israel, drawing attention to their iniquity of turning to the Egyptians. Then they will know that I am the Lord GOD.' ”
“I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them among the countries.
“I will strengthen the arms of Babylon's king and place my sword in his hand. But I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan before him as a mortally wounded man.
“I will strengthen the arms of Babylon's king, but Pharaoh's arms will fall. They will know that I am the LORD when I place my sword in the hand of Babylon's king and he wields it against the land of Egypt.
“When I disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them among the countries, they will know that I am the LORD.”
“Think of Assyria, a cedar in Lebanon,
with beautiful branches and shady foliage
and of lofty height.
Its top was among the clouds.[fn]
“The waters caused it to grow;
the underground springs made it tall,
directing their rivers all around
the place where the tree was planted
and sending their channels
to all the trees of the field.
“It was beautiful in its size,
in the length of its limbs,
for its roots extended to abundant water.
“I determined to hand it over to a ruler of nations; he would surely deal with it. I banished it because of its wickedness.
“This happened so that no trees planted beside water would become great in height and set their tops among the clouds, and so that no other well-watered trees would reach them in height. For they have all been consigned to death, to the underworld, among the people[fn] who descend to the Pit.
“ ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: I caused grieving on the day the cedar went down to Sheol. I closed off the underground deep because of it:[fn] I held back the rivers of the deep, and its abundant water was restrained. I made Lebanon mourn on account of it, and all the trees of the field fainted because of it.
“I made the nations quake at the sound of its downfall, when I threw it down to Sheol to be with those who descend to the Pit. Then all the trees of Eden, the choice and best of Lebanon, all the well-watered trees, were comforted in the underworld.
“ ‘Who then are you like in glory and greatness among Eden's trees? You also will be brought down to the underworld to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his hordes. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.' ”
“ ‘I will trouble the hearts of many peoples,
when I bring about your destruction
among the nations,
in countries you have not known.
“When I make the land of Egypt a desolation,
so that it is emptied of everything in it,
when I strike down all who live there,
then they will know that I am the LORD.
“Son of man, wail over the hordes of Egypt and bring Egypt and the daughters of mighty nations down to the underworld,[fn] to be with those who descend to the Pit:
“Elam is there
with all her hordes around her grave.
All of them are slain, fallen by the sword —
those who went down to the underworld uncircumcised,
who once spread their terror
in the land of the living.
They bear their disgrace
with those who descend to the Pit.
“Edom is there, her kings and all her princes,
who, despite their strength, have been placed
among those slain by the sword.
They lie down with the uncircumcised,
with those who descend to the Pit.
“All the leaders of the north
and all the Sidonians are there.
They went down in shame with the slain,
despite the terror their strength inspired.
They lie down uncircumcised
with those slain by the sword.
They bear their disgrace
with those who descend to the Pit.
“Son of man, speak to your people and tell them, ‘Suppose I bring the sword against a land, and the people of that land select a man from among them, appointing him as their watchman.
“Son of man, those who live in the[fn] ruins in the land of Israel are saying, ‘Abraham was only one person, yet he received possession of the land. But we are many; surely the land has been given to us as a possession.'
“Tell them this: ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: As surely as I live, those who are in the ruins will fall by the sword, those in the open field I have given to wild animals to be devoured, and those in the strongholds and caves will die by plague.
“They were scattered for lack of a shepherd; they became food for all the wild animals when they were scattered.
“As I live — this is the declaration of the Lord GOD — because my flock, lacking a shepherd, has become prey and food for every wild animal, and because my shepherds do not search for my flock, and because the shepherds feed themselves rather than my flock,
“ ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Look, I am against the shepherds. I will demand my flock from them[fn] and prevent them from shepherding the flock. The shepherds will no longer feed themselves, for I will rescue my flock from their mouths so that they will not be food for them.
“I will bring them out from the peoples, gather them from the countries, and bring them to their own soil. I will shepherd them on the mountains of Israel, in the ravines, and in all the inhabited places of the land.
“I will save my flock. They will no longer be prey, and I will judge between one sheep and another.
“I, the LORD, will be their God, and my servant David will be a prince among them. I, the LORD, have spoken.
“therefore, as I live — this is the declaration of the Lord GOD — I will destine you for bloodshed, and it will pursue you. Since you did not hate bloodshed, it will pursue you.
“I will make Mount Seir a desolate waste and will cut off from it those who come and go.
Then you will know that I, the LORD, have heard all the blasphemies you uttered against the mountains of Israel, saying, “They are desolate. They have been given to us to devour! ”
“This is what the Lord GOD says: Because the enemy has said about you, “Aha! The ancient heights have become our possession,” '
therefore, prophesy and say, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Because they have made you desolate and have trampled you from every side, so that you became a possession for the rest of the nations and an object of people's gossip and slander,
therefore, mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD. This is what the Lord GOD says to the mountains and hills, to the ravines and valleys, to the desolate ruins and abandoned cities, which have become plunder and a mockery to the rest of the nations all around.
“I will fill you with people, with the whole house of Israel in its entirety. The cities will be inhabited and the ruins rebuilt.
“I will cause people, my people Israel, to walk on you; they will possess you, and you will be their inheritance. You will no longer deprive them of their children.
“I dispersed them among the nations, and they were scattered among the countries. I judged them according to their conduct and actions.
“When they came to the nations where they went, they profaned my holy name, because it was said about them, ‘These are the people of the LORD, yet they had to leave his land in exile.'
“ ‘For I will take you from the nations and gather you from all the countries, and will bring you into your own land.
“You will live in the land that I gave your ancestors; you will be my people, and I will be your God.
“This is what the Lord GOD says to these bones: I will cause breath to enter you, and you will live.
“I will put tendons on you, make flesh grow on you, and cover you with skin. I will put breath in you so that you come to life. Then you will know that I am the LORD.”
He said to me, “Prophesy to the breath,[fn] prophesy, son of man. Say to it: This is what the Lord GOD says: Breath, come from the four winds and breathe into these slain so that they may live! ”
So I prophesied as he commanded me; the breath entered them, and they came to life and stood on their feet, a vast army.
“Therefore, prophesy and say to them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: I am going to open your graves and bring you up from them, my people, and lead you into the land of Israel.
“I will put my Spirit in you, and you will live, and I will settle you in your own land. Then you will know that I am the LORD. I have spoken, and I will do it. This is the declaration of the LORD.' ”
“tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: I am going to take the stick of Joseph, which is in the hand of Ephraim, and the tribes of Israel associated with him, and put them together with the stick of Judah. I will make them into a single stick so that they become one in my hand.'
“tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: I am going to take the Israelites out of the nations where they have gone. I will gather them from all around and bring them into their own land.
“I will make them one nation in the land, on the mountains of Israel, and one king will rule over all of them. They will no longer be two nations and will no longer be divided into two kingdoms.
“They will not defile themselves anymore with their idols, their abhorrent things, and all their transgressions. I will save them from all their apostasies by which[fn] they sinned, and I will cleanse them. Then they will be my people, and I will be their God.
“ ‘They will live in the land that I gave to my servant Jacob, where your ancestors lived. They will live in it forever with their children and grandchildren, and my servant David will be their prince forever.
“I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be a permanent covenant with them. I will establish and multiply them and will set my sanctuary among them forever.
“When my sanctuary is among them forever, the nations will know that I, the LORD, sanctify Israel.' ”
“ ‘Be prepared and get yourself ready, you and your whole assembly that has been mobilized around you; you will be their guard.
“After a long time you will be summoned. In the last years you will enter a land that has been restored from war[fn] and regathered from many peoples to the mountains of Israel, which had long been a ruin. They were brought out from the peoples, and all of them now live securely.
in order to seize spoil and carry off plunder, to turn your hand against ruins now inhabited and against a people gathered from the nations, who have been acquiring cattle and possessions and who live at the center of the world.
Sheba and Dedan and the merchants of Tarshish with all its rulers[fn] will ask you, “Have you come to seize spoil? Have you mobilized your assembly to carry off plunder, to make off with silver and gold, to take cattle and possessions, to seize plenty of spoil? ” '
“You, all your troops, and the peoples who are with you will fall on the mountains of Israel. I will give you as food to every kind of predatory bird and to the wild animals.
“All the people of the land will bury them and their fame will spread on the day I display my glory. This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“When they pass through the land and one of them sees a human bone, he will set up a marker next to it until the buriers have buried it in Hordes of Gog Valley.
“You will eat fat until you are satisfied and drink blood until you are drunk, at my sacrificial feast that I have prepared for you.
“And the nations will know that the house of Israel went into exile on account of their iniquity, because they dealt unfaithfully with me. Therefore, I hid my face from them and handed them over to their enemies, so that they all fell by the sword.
In visions of God he took me to the land of Israel and set me down on a very high mountain. On its southern slope was a structure resembling a city.
He spoke to me: “Son of man, look with your eyes, listen with your ears, and pay attention to everything I am going to show you, for you have been brought here so that I might show it to you. Report everything you see to the house of Israel.”
Then he came to the gate that faced east and climbed its steps. He measured the threshold of the gate; it was 10½ feet deep — one threshold was 10½ feet deep.
The distance from the front of the gate at the entrance to the front of the gate's portico on the inside was 87½ feet.[fn]
Then he brought me into the outer court, and there were chambers and a paved surface laid out all around the court. Thirty chambers faced the pavement,
Then he brought me to the inner court through the south gate. When he measured the south gate, it had the same measurements as the others.
Its portico faced the outer court, and its jambs were decorated with palm trees. Its stairway had eight steps.
Then he brought me to the inner court on the east side. When he measured the gate, it had the same measurements as the others.
Its portico faced the outer court, and its jambs were decorated with palm trees on each side. Its stairway had eight steps.
Then he brought me to the north gate. When he measured it, it had the same measurements as the others,
Its portico[fn] faced the outer court, and its jambs were decorated with palm trees on each side. Its stairway had eight steps.
the thresholds, the beveled windows, and the balconies all around with their three levels opposite the threshold — were overlaid with wood on all sides. They were paneled from the ground to the windows (but the windows were covered),
There were beveled windows and palm trees on both sides, on the side walls of the portico, the side rooms of the temple, and the canopies.[fn]
Then the man led me out by way of the north gate into the outer court. He brought me to the group of chambers opposite the temple yard and opposite the building to the north.
For the chambers on the outer court were 87½ feet long, while those facing the great hall were 175 feet long.
“Once the priests have entered, they are not to go out from the holy area to the outer court until they have removed the clothes they minister in, for these are holy. They are to put on other clothes before they approach the public area.”
Then the Spirit lifted me up and brought me to the inner court, and the glory of the LORD filled the temple.
The LORD said to me, “Son of man, pay attention; look with your eyes and listen with your ears to everything I tell you about all the statutes and laws of the LORD's temple. Take careful note of the entrance of the temple along with all the exits of the sanctuary.
“This is what the Lord GOD says: No foreigner, uncircumcised in heart and flesh, may enter my sanctuary, not even a foreigner who is among the Israelites.
“Because they ministered to the house of Israel before their idols and became a sinful stumbling block to them, therefore I swore an oath[fn] against them” — this is the declaration of the Lord GOD — “that they would bear the consequences of their iniquity.
“Yet I will make them responsible for the duties of the temple — for all its work and everything done in it.
“They are the ones who may enter my sanctuary and approach my table to serve me. They will keep my mandate.
“Before they go out to the outer court,[fn] to the people, they must take off the clothes they have been ministering in, leave them in the holy chambers, and dress in other clothes so that they do not transmit holiness to the people through their clothes.
“He is not to marry a widow or a divorced woman, but may marry only a virgin from the offspring of the house of Israel, or a widow who is the widow of a priest.
“On the day he goes into the sanctuary, into the inner court to minister in the sanctuary, he is to present his sin offering.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“This will be their inheritance: I am their inheritance. You are to give them no possession in Israel: I am their possession.
“It will be a holy area of the land to be used by the priests who minister in the sanctuary, who approach to serve the LORD. It will be a place for their houses, as well as a holy area for the sanctuary.
“There will be another area 8⅓ miles long and 3⅓ miles wide for the Levites who minister in the temple; it will be their possession for towns to live in.[fn]
“And the prince will have the area on each side of the holy donation of land and the city's property, adjacent to the holy donation and the city's property, stretching to the west on the west side and to the east on the east side. Its length will correspond to one of the tribal portions from the western boundary to the eastern boundary.
“This will be his land as a possession in Israel. My princes will no longer oppress my people but give the rest of the land to the house of Israel according to their tribes.
“And the quota from the flock is one animal out of every two hundred from the well-watered pastures of Israel. These are for the grain offerings, burnt offerings, and fellowship offerings, to make atonement for the people.” This is the declaration of the Lord GOD.
“You are to offer an unblemished year-old male lamb as a daily burnt offering to the LORD; you will offer it every morning.
Then he brought me through the entrance that was at the side of the gate, into the priests' holy chambers, which faced north. I saw a place there at the far western end.
He said to me, “This is the place where the priests will boil the guilt offering and the sin offering, and where they will bake the grain offering, so that they do not bring them into the outer court and transmit holiness to the people.”
Next he brought me into the outer court and led me past its four corners. There was a separate court in each of its corners.
“All kinds of trees providing food will grow along both banks of the river. Their leaves will not wither, and their fruit will not fail. Each month they will bear fresh fruit because the water comes from the sanctuary. Their fruit will be used for eating and their leaves for healing.”
“You will inherit it in equal portions, since I swore[fn] to give it to your ancestors. So this land will fall to you as an inheritance.
“The remaining area, 1⅔ miles[fn] wide and 8⅓ miles long, will be for common use by the city, for both residential and open space. The city will be in the middle of it.
“The remainder of the length alongside the holy donation will be 3⅓ miles to the east and 3⅓ miles to the west. It will run alongside the holy donation. Its produce will be food for the workers of the city.
“The remaining area on both sides of the holy donation and the city property will belong to the prince. He will own the land adjacent to the tribal portions, next to the 8⅓ miles of the donation as far as the eastern border and[fn] next to the 8⅓ miles of the donation as far as the western border. The holy donation and the sanctuary of the temple will be in the middle of it.
In the third year of the reign of King Jehoiakim of Judah, King Nebuchadnezzar[fn] of Babylon came to Jerusalem and laid siege to it.
The Chaldeans spoke to the king (Aramaic[fn] begins here): “May the king live forever. Tell your servants the dream, and we will give the interpretation.”
The king replied to the Chaldeans, “My word is final: If you don't tell me the dream and its interpretation, you will be torn limb from limb,[fn] and your houses will be made a garbage dump.
Then Daniel went to his house and told his friends Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah about the matter,
“As you were watching, a stone broke off without a hand touching it,[fn] struck the statue on its feet of iron and fired clay, and crushed them.
“Then the iron, the fired clay, the bronze, the silver, and the gold were shattered and became like chaff from the summer threshing floors. The wind carried them away, and not a trace of them could be found. But the stone that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.
“In the days of those kings, the God of the heavens will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, and this kingdom will not be left to another people. It will crush all these kingdoms and bring them to an end, but will itself endure forever.
King Nebuchadnezzar sent word to assemble the satraps, prefects, governors, advisers, treasurers, judges, magistrates, and all the rulers of the provinces to attend the dedication of the statue King Nebuchadnezzar had set up.
So the satraps, prefects, governors, advisers, treasurers, judges, magistrates, and all the rulers of the provinces assembled for the dedication of the statue the king had set up. Then they stood before the statue Nebuchadnezzar had set up.
“But whoever does not fall down and worship will immediately be thrown into a furnace of blazing fire.”
“Whoever does not fall down and worship will be thrown into a furnace of blazing fire.
“Now if you're ready, when you hear the sound of the horn, flute, zither, lyre, harp, drum, and every kind of music, fall down and worship the statue I made. But if you don't worship it, you will immediately be thrown into a furnace of blazing fire — and who is the god who can rescue you from my power? ”
Then Nebuchadnezzar was filled with rage, and the expression on his face changed toward Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. He gave orders to heat the furnace seven times more than was customary,
and he commanded some of the best soldiers in his army to tie up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego and throw them into the furnace of blazing fire.
So these men, in their trousers, robes, head coverings,[fn] and other clothes, were tied up and thrown into the furnace of blazing fire.
And these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego fell, bound, into the furnace of blazing fire.
Then King Nebuchadnezzar jumped up in alarm. He said to his advisers, “Didn't we throw three men, bound, into the fire? ”
“Yes, of course, Your Majesty,” they replied to the king.
Nebuchadnezzar exclaimed, “Praise to the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego! He sent his angel[fn] and rescued his servants who trusted in him. They violated the king's command and risked their lives rather than serve or worship any god except their own God.
“Therefore I issue a decree that anyone of any people, nation, or language who says anything offensive against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego will be torn limb from limb and his house made a garbage dump. For there is no other god who is able to deliver like this.”
How great are his miracles,
and how mighty his wonders!
His kingdom is an eternal kingdom,
and his dominion is from generation to generation.
“The tree grew large and strong;
its top reached to the sky,
and it was visible to the ends of the[fn] earth.
“The tree you saw, which grew large and strong, whose top reached to the sky and was visible to the whole earth,
“that tree is you, Your Majesty. For you have become great and strong: your greatness has grown and even reaches the sky, and your dominion extends to the ends of the earth.
the king exclaimed, “Is this not Babylon the Great that I have built to be a royal residence by my vast power and for my majestic glory? ”
But at the end of those days, I, Nebuchadnezzar, looked up to heaven, and my sanity returned to me. Then I praised the Most High and honored and glorified him who lives forever:
For his dominion is an everlasting dominion,
and his kingdom is from generation to generation.
At that time my sanity returned to me, and my majesty and splendor returned to me for the glory of my kingdom. My advisers and my nobles sought me out, I was reestablished over my kingdom, and even more greatness came to me.
So the administrators and satraps went together to the king and said to him, “May King Darius live forever.
“All the administrators of the kingdom — the prefects, satraps, advisers, and governors — have agreed that the king should establish an ordinance and enforce an edict that, for thirty days, anyone who petitions any god or man except you, the king, will be thrown into the lions' den.
When Daniel learned that the document had been signed, he went into his house. The windows in its upstairs room opened toward Jerusalem, and three times a day he got down on his knees, prayed, and gave thanks to his God, just as he had done before.
So they approached the king and asked about his edict: “Didn't you sign an edict that for thirty days any person who petitions any god or man except you, the king, will be thrown into the lions' den? ”
The king answered, “As a law of the Medes and Persians, the order stands[fn] and is irrevocable.”
So the king gave the order, and they brought Daniel and threw him into the lions' den. The king said to Daniel, “May your God, whom you continually serve, rescue you! ”
Then the king went to his palace and spent the night fasting. No diversions[fn] were brought to him, and he could not sleep.
The king then gave the command, and those men who had maliciously accused Daniel[fn] were brought and thrown into the lions' den — they, their children, and their wives. They had not reached the bottom of the den before the lions overpowered them and crushed all their bones.
“I issue a decree that in all my royal dominion, people must tremble in fear before the God of Daniel:
For he is the living God,
and he endures forever;
his kingdom will never be destroyed,
and his dominion has no end.
Daniel said, “In my vision at night I was watching, and suddenly the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea.
“Suddenly, another beast appeared, a second one, that looked like a bear. It was raised up on one side, with three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, ‘Get up! Gorge yourself on flesh.'
“I watched, then, because of the sound of the arrogant words the horn was speaking. As I continued watching, the beast was killed and its body destroyed and given over to the burning fire.
Then the male goat acted even more arrogantly, but when he became powerful, the large horn was broken. Four conspicuous horns came up in its place, pointing toward the four winds of heaven.
So he approached where I was standing; when he came near, I was terrified and fell facedown. “Son of man,” he said to me, “understand that the vision refers to the time of the end.”
and said, “I am here to tell you what will happen at the conclusion of the time of wrath, because it refers to the appointed time of the end.
“The vision of the evenings and the mornings
that has been told is true.
Now you are to seal up the vision
because it refers to many days in the future.”
in the first year of his reign, I, Daniel, understood from the books according to the word of the LORD to the prophet Jeremiah that the number of years for the desolation of Jerusalem would be seventy.
Lord, in keeping with all your righteous acts, may your anger and wrath turn away from your city Jerusalem, your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our ancestors, Jerusalem and your people have become an object of ridicule to all those around us.
I didn't eat any rich food, no meat or wine entered my mouth, and I didn't put any oil on my body until the three weeks were over.
I was left alone, looking at this great vision. No strength was left in me; my face grew deathly pale,[fn] and I was powerless.
“Now I have come to help you understand what will happen to your people in the last days, for the vision refers to those days.”
“But as soon as he is established, his kingdom will be broken up and divided to the four winds of heaven, but not to his descendants; it will not be the same kingdom that he ruled, because his kingdom will be uprooted and will go to others besides them.
“In the place of the king of the South, one from her family[fn] will rise up, come against the army, and enter the fortress of the king of the North. He will take action against them and triumph.
“He will take even their gods captive to Egypt, with their metal images and their precious articles of silver and gold. For some years he will stay away from the king of the North,
“who will enter the kingdom of the king of the South and then return to his own land.
“The king of the North will again raise a multitude larger than the first. After some years[fn] he will advance with a great army and many supplies.
“Then he will turn his attention to the coasts and islands[fn] and capture many. But a commander will put an end to his taunting; instead, he will turn his taunts against him.
“He will turn his attention back to the fortresses of his own land, but he will stumble, fall, and be no more.
“The two kings, whose hearts are bent on evil, will speak lies at the same table but to no avail, for still the end will come at the appointed time.
“The king of the North will return to his land with great wealth, but his heart will be set against the holy covenant;[fn] he will take action, then return to his own land.
“At the appointed time he will come again to the South, but this time[fn] will not be like the first.
“Those who have insight among the people will give understanding to many, yet they will fall by the sword and flame, and they will be captured and plundered for a time.
“Some of those who have insight will fall so that they may be refined, purified, and cleansed until the time of the end, for it will still come at the appointed time.
“Then the king will do whatever he wants. He will exalt and magnify himself above every god, and he will say outrageous things against the God of gods. He will be successful until the time of wrath is completed, because what has been decreed will be accomplished.
“At the time of the end, the king of the South will engage him in battle, but the king of the North will storm against him with chariots, horsemen, and many ships. He will invade countries and sweep through them like a flood.
“He will also invade the beautiful land, and many will fall. But these will escape from his power: Edom, Moab, and the prominent people[fn] of the Ammonites.
“He will extend his power against the countries, and not even the land of Egypt will escape.
“He will pitch his royal tents between the sea and[fn] the beautiful holy mountain, but he will meet his end with no one to help him.
Many who sleep in the dust
of the earth will awake,
some to eternal life,
and some to disgrace and eternal contempt.
Those who have insight will shine
like the bright expanse of the heavens,
and those who lead many to righteousness,
like the stars forever and ever.
Then I heard the man dressed in linen, who was above the water of the river. He raised both his hands[fn] toward heaven and swore by him who lives eternally that it would be for a time, times, and half a time. When the power of the holy people is shattered, all these things will be completed.
I will devastate her vines and fig trees.
She thinks that these are her wages
that her lovers have given her.
I will turn them into a thicket,
and the wild animals will eat them.
I will take you to be my wife forever.
I will take you to be my wife in righteousness,
justice, love, and compassion.
Israel, if you act promiscuously,
don't let Judah become guilty!
Do not go to Gilgal
or make a pilgrimage to Beth-aven,[fn]
and do not swear an oath: As the LORD lives!
Israel's arrogance testifies against them.[fn]
Both Israel and Ephraim stumble
because of their iniquity;
even Judah will stumble with them.
Ephraim will become a desolation
on the day of punishment;
I announce what is certain
among the tribes of Israel.
I will depart and return to my place
until they recognize their guilt and seek my face;
they will search for me in their distress.
All of them commit adultery;
they are like an oven heated by a baker
who stops stirring the fire
from the kneading of the dough until it is leavened.
Israel's arrogance testifies against them,[fn]
yet they do not return to the LORD their God,
and for all this, they do not seek him.
So Ephraim has become like a silly, senseless dove;
they call to Egypt, and they go to Assyria.
Woe to them, for they fled from me;
destruction to them, for they rebelled against me!
Though I want to redeem them,
they speak lies against me.
They turn, but not to what is above;[fn]
they are like a faulty bow.
Their leaders will fall by the sword
because of their insolent tongue.
They will be ridiculed for this in the land of Egypt.
Put the ram's horn to your mouth!
One like an eagle comes
against the house of the LORD,
because they transgress my covenant
and rebel against my law.
For they have gone up to Assyria
like a wild donkey going off on its own.
Ephraim has paid for love.
Though I were to write out for him
ten thousand points of my instruction,
they would be[fn] regarded as something strange.
Though they offer sacrificial gifts[fn]
and eat the flesh,
the LORD does not accept them.
Now he will remember their guilt
and punish their sins;
they will return to Egypt.
Israel has forgotten his Maker and built palaces;
Judah has also multiplied fortified cities.
I will send fire on their cities,
and it will consume their citadels.
They will not stay in the land of the LORD.
Instead, Ephraim will return to Egypt,
and they will eat unclean food in Assyria.
They will not pour out
their wine offerings to the LORD,
and their sacrifices will not please him.
Their food will be like the bread of mourners;
all who eat it become defiled.
For their bread will be for their appetites alone;
it will not enter the house of the LORD.
I discovered Israel
like grapes in the wilderness.
I saw your ancestors
like the first fruit of the fig tree in its first season.
But they went to Baal-peor,
consecrated themselves to Shame,[fn]
and became abhorrent,
like the thing they loved.
I have seen Ephraim like Tyre,
planted in a meadow,
so Ephraim will bring out his children
to the executioner.
All their evil appears at Gilgal,
for there I began to hate them.
I will drive them from my house
because of their evil, wicked actions.
I will no longer love them;
all their leaders are rebellious.
The calf itself will be taken to Assyria
as an offering to the great king.[fn]
Ephraim will experience shame;
Israel will be ashamed of its counsel.
Sow righteousness for yourselves
and reap faithful love;
break up your unplowed ground.
It is time to seek the LORD
until he comes and sends righteousness
on you like the rain.
I will not vent the full fury of my anger;
I will not turn back to destroy Ephraim.
For I am God and not man,
the Holy One among you;
I will not come in rage.[fn]
They will be roused like birds from Egypt
and like doves from the land of Assyria.
Then I will settle them in their homes.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Ephraim chases[fn] the wind
and pursues the east wind.
He continually multiplies lies and violence.
He makes a covenant with Assyria,
and olive oil is carried to Egypt.
Jacob fled to the territory of Aram.
Israel worked to earn a wife;
he tended flocks for a wife.
When they had pasture,
they became satisfied;
they were satisfied,
and their hearts became proud.
Therefore they forgot me.
Tell your children about it,
and let your children tell their children,
and their children the next generation.
Wake up, you drunkards, and weep;
wail, all you wine drinkers,
because of the sweet wine,
for it has been taken from your mouth.
It has devastated my grapevine
and splintered my fig tree.
It has stripped off its bark and thrown it away;
its branches have turned white.
Announce a sacred fast;
proclaim a solemn assembly!
Gather the elders
and all the residents of the land
at the house of the LORD your God,
and cry out to the LORD.
Woe because of that day!
For the day of the LORD is near
and will come as devastation from the Almighty.
a day of darkness and gloom,
a day of clouds and total darkness,
like the dawn spreading over the mountains;
a great and strong people appears,
such as never existed in ages past
and never will again
in all the generations to come.
They bound on the tops of the mountains.
Their sound is like the sound of chariots,
like the sound of fiery flames consuming stubble,
like a mighty army deployed for war.
Let the priests, the LORD's ministers,
weep between the portico and the altar.
Let them say,
“Have pity on your people, LORD,
and do not make your inheritance a disgrace,
an object of scorn among the nations.
Why should it be said among the peoples,
‘Where is their God? ' ”
The LORD answered his people:
Look, I am about to send you
grain, new wine, and fresh oil.
You will be satiated with them,
and I will no longer make you
a disgrace among the nations.
I will drive the northerner far from you
and banish him to a dry and desolate land,
his front ranks into the Dead Sea,
and his rear guard into the Mediterranean Sea.
His stench will rise;
yes, his rotten smell will rise,
for he has done astonishing things.
I will repay you for the years
that the swarming locust ate,
the young locust, the destroying locust,
and the devouring locust —
my great army that I sent against you.
You will have plenty to eat and be satisfied.
You will praise the name of the LORD your God,
who has dealt wondrously with you.
My people will never again be put to shame.
You will know that I am present in Israel
and that I am the LORD your God,
and there is no other.
My people will never again be put to shame.
The sun will be turned to darkness
and the moon to blood
before the great and terrible day of the LORD comes.
I will gather all the nations
and take them to the Valley of Jehoshaphat.[fn]
I will enter into judgment with them there
because of my people, my inheritance Israel.
The nations have scattered the Israelites
in foreign countries
and divided up my land.
And also: Tyre, Sidon, and all the territories of Philistia — what are you to me? Are you paying me back or trying to get even with me? I will quickly bring retribution on your heads.
Look, I am about to rouse them up from the place where you sold them; I will bring retribution on your heads.
I will sell your sons and daughters to the people of Judah, and they will sell them to the Sabeans,[fn] to a distant nation, for the LORD has spoken.
Beat your plows into swords
and your pruning knives into spears.
Let even the weakling say, “I am a warrior.”
Let the nations be roused
and come to the Valley of Jehoshaphat,
for there I will sit down
to judge all the surrounding nations.
Egypt will become desolate,
and Edom a desert wasteland,
because of the violence done to the people of Judah
in whose land they shed innocent blood.
Therefore, I will send fire against Hazael's palace,
and it will consume Ben-hadad's citadels.
The LORD says:
I will not relent from punishing Gaza
for three crimes, even four,
because they exiled a whole community,
handing them over to Edom.
The LORD says:
I will not relent from punishing Tyre
for three crimes, even four,
because they handed over
a whole community of exiles to Edom
and broke[fn] a treaty of brotherhood.
The LORD says:
I will not relent from punishing Edom
for three crimes, even four,
because he pursued his brother with the sword.
He stifled his compassion,
his anger tore at him continually,
and he harbored his rage incessantly.
Therefore, I will send fire against Teman,
and it will consume the citadels of Bozrah.
The LORD says:
I will not relent from punishing Moab
for three crimes, even four,
because he burned the bones
of the king of Edom to lime.
They trample the heads of the poor
on the dust of the ground
and obstruct the path of the needy.
A man and his father have sexual relations
with the same girl,
profaning my holy name.
I raised up some of your sons as prophets
and some of your young men as Nazirites.
Is this not the case, Israelites?
This is the LORD's declaration.
The Lord GOD has sworn by his holiness:
Look, the days are coming[fn]
when you will be taken away with hooks,
every last one of you with fishhooks.
You will go through breaches in the wall,
each woman straight ahead,
and you will be driven along toward Harmon.
This is the LORD's declaration.
Come to Bethel and rebel;
rebel even more at Gilgal!
Bring your sacrifices every morning,
your tenths every three days.
Two or three cities staggered
to another city to drink water
but were not satisfied,
yet you did not return to me.
This is the LORD's declaration.
I sent plagues like those of Egypt;
I killed your young men with the sword,
along with your captured horses.
I caused the stench of your camp
to fill your nostrils,
yet you did not return to me.
This is the LORD's declaration.
He is here:
the one who forms the mountains,
creates the wind,
and reveals his thoughts to man,
the one who makes the dawn out of darkness
and strides on the heights of the earth.
The LORD, the God of Armies, is his name.
Do not seek Bethel
or go to Gilgal
or journey to Beer-sheba,
for Gilgal will certainly go into exile,
and Bethel will come to nothing.
The one who made the Pleiades and Orion,
who turns darkness[fn] into dawn
and darkens day into night,
who summons the water of the sea
and pours it out over the surface of the earth —
the LORD is his name.
It will be like a man who flees from a lion
only to have a bear confront him.
He goes home and rests his hand against the wall
only to have a snake bite him.
Cross over to Calneh and see;
go from there to great Hamath;
then go down to Gath of the Philistines.
Are you better than these kingdoms?
Is their territory larger than yours?
Do horses gallop on the cliffs?
Does anyone plow there with oxen?[fn]
Yet you have turned justice into poison
and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood —
Then Amaziah said to Amos, “Go away, you seer! Flee to the land of Judah. Earn your living[fn] and give your prophecies there,
“but don't ever prophesy at Bethel again, for it is the king's sanctuary and a royal temple.”
I will turn your feasts into mourning
and all your songs into lamentation;
I will cause everyone[fn] to wear sackcloth
and every head to be shaved.
I will make that grief
like mourning for an only son
and its outcome like a bitter day.
I saw the Lord standing beside the altar, and he said:
Strike the capitals of the pillars
so that the thresholds shake;
knock them down on the heads of all the people.
Then I will kill the rest of them with the sword.
None of those who flee will get away;
none of the fugitives will escape.
If they dig down to Sheol,
from there my hand will take them;
if they climb up to heaven,
from there I will bring them down.
If they hide
on the top of Carmel,
from there I will track them down
and seize them;
if they conceal themselves
from my sight on the sea floor,
from there I will command
the sea serpent to bite them.
And if they are driven
by their enemies into captivity,
from there I will command
the sword to kill them.
I will keep my eye on them
for harm and not for good.
He builds his upper chambers
in the heavens
and lays the foundation of his vault
on the earth.
He summons the water of the sea
and pours it out over the surface of the earth.
The LORD is his name.
Look, the eyes of the Lord GOD
are on the sinful kingdom,
and I will obliterate it
from the face of the earth.
However, I will not totally destroy
the house of Jacob —
this is the LORD's declaration —
The vision of Obadiah.
This is what the Lord GOD has said about Edom:
We have heard a message from the LORD;
an envoy has been sent among the nations:
“Rise up, and let's go to war against her.”[fn]
You will be covered with shame
and destroyed forever
because of violence done to your brother Jacob.
On the day you stood aloof,
on the day strangers captured his wealth,[fn]
while foreigners entered his city gate
and cast lots for Jerusalem,
you were just like one of them.
Do not enter my people's city gate
in the day of their disaster.
Yes, you — do not gloat over their misery
in the day of their disaster,
and do not appropriate their possessions
in the day of their disaster.
For the day of the LORD is near,
against all the nations.
As you have done, it will be done to you;
what you deserve will return on your own head.
“Get up! Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it because their evil has come up before me.”
Jonah got up to flee to Tarshish from the LORD's presence. He went down to Joppa and found a ship going to Tarshish. He paid the fare and went down into it to go with them to Tarshish from the LORD's presence.
But the LORD threw a great wind onto the sea, and such a great storm arose on the sea that the ship threatened to break apart.
The sailors were afraid, and each cried out to his god. They threw the ship's cargo into the sea to lighten the load. Meanwhile, Jonah had gone down to the lowest part of the vessel and had stretched out and fallen into a deep sleep.
He answered them, “Pick me up and throw me into the sea so that it will calm down for you, for I know that I'm to blame for this great storm that is against you.”
Then they picked up Jonah and threw him into the sea, and the sea stopped its raging.
When you threw me into the depths,
into the heart of the seas,
the current[fn] overcame me.
All your breakers and your billows swept over me.
The water engulfed me up to the neck;[fn]
the watery depths overcame me;
seaweed was wrapped around my head.
I sank to the foundations of the mountains,
the earth's gates shut behind me forever!
Then you raised my life from the Pit, LORD my God!
As my life was fading away,
I remembered the LORD,
and my prayer came to you,
to your holy temple.
Jonah got up and went to Nineveh according to the LORD's command.
Now Nineveh was an extremely great city,[fn] a three-day walk.
Jonah set out on the first day of his walk in the city and proclaimed, “In forty days Nineveh will be demolished! ”
He prayed to the LORD, “Please, LORD, isn't this what I said while I was still in my own country? That's why I fled toward Tarshish in the first place. I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger, abounding in faithful love, and one who relents from sending disaster.
Listen, all you peoples;
pay attention, earth[fn] and everyone in it!
The Lord GOD will be a witness against you,
the Lord, from his holy temple.
Therefore, I will make Samaria
a heap of ruins in the countryside,
a planting area for a vineyard.
I will roll her stones into the valley
and expose her foundations.
All her carved images will be smashed to pieces;
all her wages will be burned in the fire,
and I will destroy all her idols.
Since she collected the wages of a prostitute,
they will be used again for a prostitute.
Though the residents of Maroth
anxiously wait for something good,
disaster has come from the LORD
to the gate of Jerusalem.
Therefore, send farewell gifts to Moresheth-gath;
the houses of Achzib are a deception
to the kings of Israel.
But recently my people have risen up
like an enemy:
You strip off the splendid robe
from those who are passing through confidently,
like those returning from war.
If a man comes
and utters empty lies —
“I will preach to you about wine and beer” —
he would be just the preacher for this people!
“You eat the flesh of my people
after you strip their skin from them
and break their bones.
You chop them up
like flesh for the cooking pot,
like meat in a cauldron.”
This is what the LORD says
concerning the prophets
who lead my people astray,
who proclaim peace
when they have food to sink their teeth into
but declare war against the one
who puts nothing in their mouths.
and many nations will come and say,
“Come, let's go up to the mountain of the LORD,
to the house of the God of Jacob.
He will teach us about his ways
so we may walk in his paths.”
For instruction will go out of Zion
and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem.
He will settle disputes among many peoples
and provide arbitration for strong nations
that are far away.
They will beat their swords into plows
and their spears into pruning knives.
Nation will not take up the sword against nation,
and they will never again train for war.
Though all the peoples walk
in the name of their own gods,
we will walk in the name of the LORD our God
forever and ever.
I will make the lame into a remnant,
those far removed into a strong nation.
Then the LORD will reign over them in Mount Zion
from this time on and forever.
Bethlehem Ephrathah,
you are small among the clans of Judah;
one will come from you
to be ruler over Israel for me.
His origin[fn] is from antiquity,
from ancient times.
“You will eat but not be satisfied,
for there will be hunger within you.
What you acquire, you cannot save,
and what you do save,
I will give to the sword.[fn]
Faithful people have vanished from the land;
there is no one upright among the people.
All of them wait in ambush to shed blood;
they hunt each other with a net.
Because I have sinned against him,
I must endure the LORD's fury
until he champions my cause
and establishes justice for me.
He will bring me into the light;
I will see his salvation.[fn]
Then my enemy will see,
and she will be covered with shame,
the one who said to me,
“Where is the LORD your God? ”
My eyes will look at her in triumph;
at that time she will be trampled
like mud in the streets.
On that day people will come to you
from Assyria and the cities of Egypt,
even from Egypt to the Euphrates River
and from sea to sea
and mountain to mountain.
Then the earth will become a wasteland
because of its inhabitants
and as a result of their actions.
Who is a God like you,
forgiving iniquity and passing over rebellion
for the remnant of his inheritance?
He does not hold on to his anger forever
because he delights in faithful love.
He will again have compassion on us;
he will vanquish our iniquities.
You will cast all our[fn] sins
into the depths of the sea.
Look to the mountains —
the feet of the herald,
who proclaims peace.
Celebrate your festivals, Judah;
fulfill your vows.
For the wicked one will never again
march through you;
he will be entirely wiped out.
One who scatters is coming up against you.
Man the fortifications!
Watch the road!
Brace[fn] yourself!
Summon all your strength!
Yet she became an exile;
she went into captivity.
Her children were also dashed to pieces
at the head of every street.
They cast lots for her dignitaries,
and all her nobles were bound in chains.
All your fortresses are fig trees
with figs that ripened first;
when shaken, they fall —
right into the mouth of the eater!
Draw water for the siege;
strengthen your fortresses.
Step into the clay and tread the mortar;
take hold of the brick-mold!
This is why the law is ineffective
and justice never emerges.
For the wicked restrict the righteous;
therefore, justice comes out perverted.
Their horses are swifter than leopards
and more fierce[fn] than wolves of the night.
Their horsemen charge ahead;
their horsemen come from distant lands.
They fly like eagles, swooping to devour.
All of them come to do violence;
their faces are set in determination.[fn]
They gather prisoners like sand.
They mock kings,
and rulers are a joke to them.
They laugh at every fortress
and build siege ramps to capture it.
Are you not from eternity, LORD my God?
My Holy One, you[fn] will not die.
LORD, you appointed them to execute judgment;
my Rock, you destined them to punish us.
For the vision is yet for the appointed time;
it testifies about the end and will not lie.
Though it delays, wait for it,
since it will certainly come and not be late.
Won't all of these take up a taunt against him,
with mockery and riddles about him?
They will say,
“Woe to him who amasses what is not his —
how much longer? —
and loads himself with goods taken in pledge.”
Won't your creditors suddenly arise,
and those who disturb you wake up?
Then you will become spoil for them.
Woe to him who dishonestly makes
wealth for his house[fn]
to place his nest on high,
to escape the grasp of disaster!
Sun and moon stand still in their lofty residence,
at the flash of your flying arrows,
at the brightness of your shining spear.
I heard, and I trembled within;
my lips quivered at the sound.
Rottenness entered my bones;
I trembled where I stood.
Now I must quietly wait for the day of distress
to come against the people invading us.
The LORD my Lord is my strength;
he makes my feet like those of a deer
and enables me to walk on mountain heights!
For the choir director: on[fn] stringed instruments.
Their wealth will become plunder
and their houses a ruin.
They will build houses but never live in them,
plant vineyards but never drink their wine.
For Gaza will be abandoned,
and Ashkelon will become a ruin.
Ashdod will be driven out at noon,
and Ekron will be uprooted.
Therefore, as I live —
this is the declaration of the LORD of Armies,
the God of Israel —
Moab will be like Sodom
and the Ammonites like Gomorrah:
a place overgrown with weeds,
a salt pit, and a perpetual wasteland.
The remnant of my people will plunder them;
the remainder of my nation will dispossess them.
He will also stretch out his hand against the north
and destroy Assyria;
he will make Nineveh a desolate ruin,
dry as the desert.
This is the jubilant city
that lives in security,
that says to herself:
I exist, and there is no one else.
What a desolation she has become,
a place for wild animals to lie down!
Everyone who passes by her
scoffs[fn] and shakes his fist.
The righteous LORD is in her;
he does no wrong.
He applies his justice morning by morning;
he does not fail at dawn,
yet the one who does wrong knows no shame.
Therefore, wait for me —
this is the LORD's declaration —
until the day I rise up for plunder.[fn]
For my decision is to gather nations,
to assemble kingdoms,
in order to pour out my indignation on them,
all my burning anger;
for the whole earth will be consumed
by the fire of my jealousy.
For I will then restore
pure speech to the peoples
so that all of them may call
on the name of the LORD
and serve him with a single purpose.[fn]
On that day you[fn] will not be put to shame
because of everything you have done
in rebelling against me.
For then I will remove
from among you your jubilant, arrogant people,
and you will never again be haughty
on my holy mountain.
Yes, at that time
I will deal with all who oppress you.
I will save the lame and gather the outcasts;
I will make those who were disgraced
throughout the earth
receive praise and fame.
At that time I will bring you[fn] back,
yes, at the time I will gather you.
I will give you fame and praise
among all the peoples of the earth,
when I restore your fortunes before your eyes.
The LORD has spoken.
“You have planted much
but harvested little.
You eat
but never have enough to be satisfied.
You drink
but never have enough to be happy.
You put on clothes
but never have enough to get warm.
The wage earner puts his wages
into a bag with a hole in it.”
“You expected much, but then it amounted to little. When you brought the harvest to your house, I ruined[fn] it. Why? ” This is the declaration of the LORD of Armies. “Because my house still lies in ruins, while each of you is busy with his own house.
“The final glory of this house[fn] will be greater than the first,” says the LORD of Armies. “I will provide peace in this place” — this is the declaration of the LORD of Armies.
“Now from this day on, think carefully: Before one stone was placed on another in the LORD's temple,
“what state were you in?[fn] When someone came to a grain heap of twenty measures, it only amounted to ten; when one came to the winepress to dip fifty measures from the vat, it only amounted to twenty.
“I am fiercely angry with the nations that are at ease, for I was a little angry, but they made the destruction worse.[fn]
I asked, “What are they coming to do? ”
He replied, “These are the horns that scattered Judah so no one could raise his head. These craftsmen have come to terrify them, to cut off[fn] the horns of the nations that raised a horn against the land of Judah to scatter it.”
Then the angel who was speaking with me went out, and another angel went out to meet him.
The declaration of the LORD: “I myself will be a wall of fire around it, and I will be the glory within it.”
“Many nations will join themselves to the LORD on that day and become my[fn] people. I will dwell among you, and you will know that the LORD of Armies has sent me to you.
“For who despises the day of small things? These seven eyes of the LORD, which scan throughout the whole earth, will rejoice when they see the ceremonial stone[fn] in Zerubbabel's hand.”
“I will send it out,” — this is the declaration of the LORD of Armies — “and it will enter the house of the thief and the house of the one who swears falsely by my name. It will stay inside his house and destroy it along with its timbers and stones.”
“This is Wickedness,” he said. He shoved her down into the basket and pushed the lead weight over its opening.
“Take an offering from the exiles, from Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah, who have arrived from Babylon, and go that same day to the house of Josiah son of Zephaniah.
“The crown will reside in the LORD's temple as a memorial to Heldai, Tobijah, Jedaiah, and Hen[fn] son of Zephaniah.
Now the people of Bethel had sent Sharezer, Regem-melech, and their men to plead for the LORD's favor
“I scattered them with a windstorm over all the nations that had not known them, and the land was left desolate behind them, with no one coming or going. They turned a pleasant land into a desolation.”
“I will bring them back to live in Jerusalem. They will be my people, and I will be their faithful and righteous God.”
“For prior to those days neither people nor animals had wages. There was no safety from the enemy for anyone who came or went, for I turned everyone against his neighbor.
The LORD of Armies says this: “The fast of the fourth month, the fast of the fifth, the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth will become times of joy, gladness, and cheerful festivals for the house of Judah. Therefore, love truth and peace.”
“the residents of one city will go to another, saying: Let's go at once to plead for the LORD's favor and to seek the LORD of Armies. I am also going.
Listen! The Lord will impoverish her
and cast her wealth into the sea;
she herself will be consumed by fire.
How lovely and beautiful!
Grain will make the young men flourish,
and new wine, the young women.
I will bring them back from the land of Egypt
and gather them from Assyria.
I will bring them to the land of Gilead
and to Lebanon,
but it will not be enough for them.
“Indeed, I will no longer have compassion on the inhabitants of the land” — this is the LORD's declaration. “Instead, I will turn everyone over to his neighbor and his king. They will devastate the land, and I will not rescue it from their hand.”
So I shepherded the flock intended for slaughter, the oppressed of the flock.[fn] I took two staffs, calling one Favor and the other Union, and I shepherded the flock.
I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem for battle. The city will be captured, the houses looted, and the women raped. Half the city will go into exile, but the rest of the people will not be removed from the city.
On that day the LORD will become King over the whole earth — the LORD alone, and his name alone.
Judah will also fight at Jerusalem, and the wealth of all the surrounding nations will be collected: gold, silver, and clothing in great abundance.
Should any of the families of the earth not go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of Armies, rain will not fall on them.
“but I hated Esau. I turned his mountains into a wasteland, and gave his inheritance to the desert jackals.”
“When you present a blind animal for sacrifice, is it not wrong? And when you present a lame or sick animal, is it not wrong? Bring it to your governor! Would he be pleased with you or show you favor? ” asks the LORD of Armies.
“If you don't listen, and if you don't take it to heart to honor my name,” says the LORD of Armies, “I will send a curse among you, and I will curse your blessings. In fact, I have already begun to curse them because you are not taking it to heart.
“Look, I am going to rebuke your descendants, and I will spread animal waste[fn] over your faces, the waste from your festival sacrifices, and you will be taken away with it.
“So I in turn have made you despised and humiliated before all the people because you are not keeping my ways but are showing partiality in your instruction.”
This is another thing you do. You are covering the LORD's altar with tears, with weeping and groaning, because he no longer respects your offerings or receives them gladly from your hands.
“See, I am going to send my messenger, and he will clear the way before me. Then the Lord you seek will suddenly come to his temple, the Messenger of the covenant you delight in — see, he is coming,” says the LORD of Armies.
“Bring the full tenth into the storehouse so that there may be food in my house. Test me in this way,” says the LORD of Armies. “See if I will not open the floodgates of heaven and pour out a blessing for you without measure.
“I will rebuke the devourer[fn] for you, so that it will not ruin the produce of your land and your vine in your field will not fail to produce fruit,” says the LORD of Armies.
Translations available: King James Version, New King James Version, New Living Translation, New International Version, English Standard Version, Christian Standard Bible, New American Standard Bible 2020, New American Standard Bible 1995, Legacy Standard Bible 2021, New English Translation, Revised Standard Version, American Standard Version, Young's Literal Translation, Darby Translation, Webster's Bible, Hebrew Names Version, Reina-Valera 1960, Latin Vulgate, Westminster Leningrad Codex, Septuagint, Morphological Greek New Testament, and Textus Receptus.
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