ζῆλος, 
ζήλου, 
ὁ, and (in 
Philippians 3:6 L T Tr WH; (
2 Corinthians 9:2 T Tr WH)) 
τό ζῆλος (
Ignatius ad Trall. 4 [ET]; 
διά ζῆλος, 
Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 4, 8 [ET] ("in Clement of Rome, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6 the masculine and neuter seem to be interchanged without any law" (
Lightfoot). For facts see especially Clement of Rome, edition 2 Hilgenfeld (1876), p. 7; cf. Wit. Appendix, p. 158; 
Winers Grammar, § 9, N. 2; 
Buttmann, 23 (20)); (from 
ζέω (
Curtius, § 567; 
Vanicek, p. 757)); the 
Sept. for 
קִנְאָה; 
excitement of mind, ardor, fervor of spirit; 
1. zeal, ardor in embracing, pursuing, defending anything: 
2 Corinthians 12:11; 
2 Corinthians 9:2; 
κατά ζῆλος, as respects zeal (in maintaining religion), 
Philippians 3:6; with the genitive of the object, 
zeal in behalf of, for a person or thing, 
John 2:17 from 
Psalm 68:10 (
Ps. 69:10); 
Romans 10:2 (1 Macc. 2:58; 
Sophocles O. C. 943); 
ὑπέρ τίνος, genitive of person, 
2 Corinthians 7:7; 
Colossians 4:13 Rec. with subject. genitive 
ζήλῳ Θεοῦ, with a jealousy such as God has, hence, most pure and solicitous for their salvation, 
2 Corinthians 11:2; 
the fierceness of indignation, punitive zeal, πυρός (of penal fire, which is personified (see 
πῦρ, at the end)), 
Hebrews 10:27 (
Isaiah 26:11; Wis. 5:18). 
2. an envious and contentious rivalry, jealousy: 
Romans 13:13; 
1 Corinthians 3:3; 
James 3:14, 
16; 
ἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου, 
Acts 5:17; 
Acts 13:45; plural 
ζῆλοι, now the stirrings or motions of 
ζῆλος, now its outbursts and manifestations: 
2 Corinthians 12:20; 
Galatians 5:20; but in both passages 
L T Tr (
WH, yet in Galatians, the passage cited 
WH only in text) have adopted 
ζῆλος (
ζῆλοι τέ καί φθόνοι, 
Plato, legg. 3, p. 679 c.). (On the distinction between 
ζῆλος (which may be used in a good sense) and 
φθόνος (used only in a bad sense) cf. 
Trench, Synonyms, § xxvi.; Cope on 
Aristotle, rhet. 2, 11, 
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