ἁμαρτάνω; future 
ἁμαρτήσω (
Matthew 18:21; 
Romans 6:15; in the latter passage 
L T Tr WH give 
ἁμαρτήσωμεν for R G 
ἁμαρτήσομεν), in classical Greek 
ἁμαρτήσομαι; 1 aorist (later) 
ἡμάρτησα, 
Matthew 18:15; 
Romans 5:14, 
16 (cf. Winers Grammar, 82 (79); Buttmann, 54 (47)); 2 aorist 
ἥμαρτον; perfect 
ἡμάρτηκα; (according to a conjecture of 
Buttmann, Lexil. i., p. 137, from the 
α privative and 
μείρω, 
μείρομαι, 
μέρος, properly, 
to be without a share in, namely, the mark); properly, 
to miss the mark, (Homer, Iliad 8, 311, etc.; with the genitive of the thing missed, Homer, Iliad 10, 372; 4, 491; 
τοῦ σκοποῦ, Plato, Hipp. min., p. 375 a.; 
τῆς ὁδοῦ, Aristophanes Plutarch, 961, others); then 
to err, be mistaken; lastly 
to miss or 
wander from the path of uprightness and honor, to do or 
go wrong. ["Even the 
Sept., although the Hebrew 
חָטָא also means primarily 
to miss, endeavor to reserve 
ἁμαρτ. exclusively for the idea of sin: and where the Hebrew signifies to miss one's aim in the literal sense, they avail themselves of expressive compounds, in particular 
ἐξαμαρτάνειν, 
Judges 20:16." 
Zezschwitz, Profangraec, u. Biblical Sprachgeist, p. 63f] In the 
N. T. to wander from the law of God, violate God's law, sin;
a. absolutely: 
Matthew 27:4; 
John 5:14; 
John 8:11; 
John 9:2; 
1 John 1:10; 
1 John 2:1; 
1 John 3:6, 
8; 
1 John 5:18; 
Romans 2:12; 
Romans 3:23; 
Romans 5:12, 
14, 
16; 
Romans 6:15; 
1 Corinthians 7:28, 
36; 
1 Corinthians 15:34; 
Ephesians 4:26; 
1 Timothy 5:20; 
Titus 3:11; 
Hebrews 3:17; 
Hebrews 10:26 (
ἑκουσίως); [
2 Peter 2:4]; of the violation of civil laws, which Christians regard as also the transgression of divine law, 
1 Peter 2:20. 
b. ἁμαρτάνειν ἁμαρτίαν to commit (literally, 
sin) a sin, 
1 John 5:16 (
μεγάλην ἁμαρτίαν, 
Exodus 32:30f. Hebrew 
חֲטָאָה חָטָא; 
αἰσχρὰν ἁμ. Sophocles Phil. 1249; 
μεγάλα ἁμαρτήματα ἁμαρτάνειν, Plato, Phaedo, p. 113 e.); cf. 
ἀγαπάω, under the end 
ἁμαρτάνειν εἴς τινα [Buttmann, 173 (150); Winer's Grammar, 233 (219)]: 
Matthew 18:15 (L T WH omit; Tr marginal reading brackets 
εἰς σέ), 
Matthew 18:21; 
Luke 15:18, 
21; 
Luke 17:3 Rec., 4; 
1 Corinthians 8:12; 
τὶ εἰς Καίσαρα, 
Acts 25:8; 
εἰς τὸ ἴδιον σῶμα, 
1 Corinthians 6:18 (
εἰς αὑτούς τε καὶ εἰς ἄλλους, Plato, rep. 3, p. 396 a.; 
εἰς τὸ θεῖον, Plato, Phaedr., p. 242 c.; 
εἰς θεούς, Xenophon, Hell. 1, 7, 19, etc.; [cf. 
ἁμ. 
κυρίῳ θεῷ, Baruch 1:13 Baruch 2:5]); Hebraistically, 
ἐνώπιον (
לִפְּנֵי) 
τινος [Buttmann, § 146, 1] 
in the presence of, before anyone, the one wronged by the sinful act being, as it were, present and looking on: 
Luke 15:18, 
21 (
1 Samuel 7:6; Tobit 3:3, etc.; [cf. 
ἔναντι κυρἰου, Baruch 1:17]). [For references see 
ἁμαρτία. Compare: 
προαμαρτάνω.] 
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