ἔμπροσθεν (
Tdf. in 
Revelation 4:6 ἐνπροσθεν (see 
ἐν, III. 3; cf. Alexander 
Buttmann (1873) 8)), adverb of place and of time (from 
ἐν and 
πρόσθεν, properly, in the fore part); (from 
Herodotus down); the 
Sept. chiefly for 
לִפְנֵי; 
before. In the N. T. used only of place; 
1. adverbially, 
in front, before: 
Revelation 4:6 (opposed to 
ὄπισθεν, as in 
Palaeph. 29, 2). 
before: 
πορεύεσθαι, to precede, to go before, 
Luke 19:28; 
προδραμών ἔμπροσθεν, 
Luke 19:4 (
T WH εἰς τό ἔμπροσθεν, cf. 
Herodotus 4, 61 (8, 89)), like 
προπορεύεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν, 
Xenophon, Cyril 4, 2, 23 (figuratively, 
Plato, Gorgias, p. 497 a. 
προιθι εἰς τό ἔμπροσθεν); 
τά ἔμπροσθεν the things which lie 
before one advancing, the goal set before one, 
Philippians 3:13 (14) (opposed to 
τά ὀπίσω). 
2. it serves as a preposition, with the genitive (
Buttmann, 319 (274); 
Winers Grammar, § 54, 6); 
a. before, i. e. in that local region which is in front of a person or a thing: 
Matthew 5:24; 
Matthew 7:6; 
Luke 5:19; 
Luke 14:2; to prostrate oneself 
ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν τίνος, 
Revelation 19:10; 
Revelation 22:8; 
γονυπέτειν ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, 
Matthew 27:29; 
πορεύεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to go before one, 
John 10:4; 
ἀποστέλλεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to be sent before one, 
John 3:28; 
σαλπίζειν ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, 
Matthew 6:2; 
τήν ὁδόν κατασκευάσαι, where 
ἔμπροσθεν τίνος is nearly equivalent to a dative (cf. 
Buttmann, 172 (150)), 
Matthew 11:10; 
Mark 1:2 Rec.; 
Luke 7:27. 
b. before, in the presence of, equivalent to 
opposite to, over against one: 
στῆναι, 
Matthew 27:11; 
ὁμολογεῖν and 
ἀρνεῖσθαι (
Buttmann, 176 (153)), 
Matthew 10:32; 
Matthew 26:70; 
Luke 12:8,(9 Lachmann); also 
Galatians 2:14; 
1 Thessalonians 1:3; 
1 Thessalonians 2:19; 
1 Thessalonians 3:9, 
13; 
before one, i. e. at his tribunal: 
Matthew 25:32; 
Matthew 27:11; 
Luke 21:36; 
Acts 18:17; 
2 Corinthians 5:10; 
1 Thessalonians 2:19; (
1 John 3:19). Here belong the expressions 
εὐδοκία, 
θέλημα ἐστι ἔμπροσθεν Θεοῦ, 
it is the good pleasure, the will of God, Matthew 11:26; 
Matthew 18:14; 
Luke 10:21, formed after Chaldean usage; for in 
1 Samuel 12:22 the words 
יְהוָה הואִיל, 
God wills, Jonathan the targumist renders 
יְהוָה קֲדָם רַעֲוָא; cf. Fischer, De vitiis lexamples N. T. etc., p. 329f; (cf. 
Buttmann, 172 (150)). 
c. before i. e. 
in the sight of one: 
Matthew 5:16; 
Matthew 6:1; 
Matthew 17:2; 
Matthew 23:13 (
Matt 23:14); 
Mark 2:12 T Tr marginal reading 
WH; 
Mark 9:2; 
Luke 19:27; 
John 12:37; 
Acts 10:4 L T Tr WH. 
d. before, denoting rank: 
γεγονέναι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to have obtained greater dignity than another, 
John 1:15, 
30, also 
John 1:27 R L brackets; (
Genesis 48:20 ἔθηκε τόν Αφραιμ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Μανασσῆ; (cf. 
Plato, legg. 1,631 d.; 5, 743 e.; 7, 805 d.)). 
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