καλέω,
καλῷ; imperfect
ἐκάλουν; future
καλέσω (
Winer's Grammar, § 13, 3 c.); 1 aorist
ἐκάλεσα; perfect
κέκληκά; passive, present
καλοῦμαι; perfect 3 person singular
κέκληται (
1 Corinthians 7:18 L T Tr WH; (
Revelation 19:13 L T Tr WH)), participle
κεκλημένος; 1 aorist
ἐκλήθην; 1 future
κληθήσομαι; (from
Homer down); Hebrew
קָרָא; Latin
voco; i. e.:
1. to call (German
rufen (cf.
βοάω, at the end));
a. to call aloud, utter in a loud voice:
ἄχρις οὗ τό σήμερον καλεῖται, as long as the word 'today' is called out or proclaimed,
Hebrews 3:13;
τινα, to call one to approach or stand before one,
Matthew 20:8;
Matthew 22:3 (where
εἰς τούς γάμους seems to belong to
τούς κεκλημένος);
Matthew 25:14; (
Mark 3:31 L T Tr WH);
Luke 19:13;
τά ἰδίᾳ πρόβατα κατ' ὄνομα, his own sheep each by its name,
John 10:3 (where
L T Tr WH φωνεῖ); used of Christ, calling certain persons to be his disciples and constant companions,
Matthew 4:21 (note what precedes in 19:
δεῦτε ὀπίσω μου);
Mark 1:20; to order one to be summoned,
Matthew 2:15 (see just below); before the judges,
Acts 4:18;
Acts 24:2; followed by
ἐκ with the genitive of place, equivalent to
to call out, call forth from:
Matthew 2:15, cf.
Hebrews 11:8. metaphorically,
to cause to pass from one state into another:
τινα ἐκ σκότους εἰς τό φῶς,
1 Peter 2:9.
b. like the Latin
voco equivalent to
to invite; properly:
εἰς τούς γάμους,
Matthew 22:3,
9;
Luke 14:8;
John 2:2; to a feast,
Luke 14:16;
1 Corinthians 10:27 (cf.
Winer's Grammar, 593 (552));
Revelation 19:9;
ὁ καλέσας,
Luke 7:39;
Luke 14:9;
ὁ κεκληκώς τινα,
Luke 14:10,
12;
οἱ κεκλημένοι,
Matthew 22:8;
Luke 14:7,
17,
24; (
2 Samuel 13:23;
Esther 5:12; and often so in Greek writings from
Homer, Odyssey 4, 532; 11,187 down).
β. metaphorically:
to invite one, εἰς τί, to something i. e. to participate in it, enjoy it; used thus in the Epistles of Paul and Peter of God as inviting men by the preaching of the gospel (
διά τοῦ εὐαγγελίου,
2 Thessalonians 2:14) to the blessings of the heavenly kingdom:
εἰς τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ,
1 Thessalonians 2:12;
εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον,
1 Timothy 6:12;
εἰς δόξαν αἰώνιον,
1 Peter 5:10;
εἰς τήν κοινωνίαν τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ,
1 Corinthians 1:9; so
καλεῖν τινα used alone:
Romans 8:30;
Romans 9:24;
1 Corinthians 7:17f,
20-22,
24;
τινα καλεῖν κλήσει,
2 Timothy 1:9;
ἐν ᾧ ἐκληθημεν, in whom lies the reason why we were called, who is the ground of our having been invited,
Ephesians 1:11 Lachmann;
ἄξιος τῆς κλήσεως,
ἧς (by attraction for
ἡ (or perhaps
ἥν; cf.
Winers Grammar, § 24, 1;
Buttmann, 287 (247); Ellicott, in the place cited))
ἐκλήθητε,
Ephesians 4:1; God is styled
ὁ καλῶν τινα (he that calleth one,
the caller, cf.
Winer's Grammar, § 45, 7),
Galatians 5:8;
1 Thessalonians 5:24; and
ὁ καλέσας τινα,
Galatians 1:6;
Colossians 1:12 Lachmann;
1 Peter 1:15;
2 Peter 1:3.
οἱ κεκλημένοι,
Hebrews 9:15;
καλεῖν and
καλεῖσθαι are used with a specification of the mediate end (for the highest or final end of the calling is eternal salvation):
ἐπ' ἐλευθερία,
Galatians 5:13;
οὐκ ἐπ' ἀκαθαρσία ἀλλ' ἐν ἁγιασμῷ,
1 Thessalonians 4:7;
ἐν εἰρήνη,
1 Corinthians 7:15;
ἐν ἑνί ἐλπίδι, that ye might come into one hope,
Ephesians 4:4 (see
ἐν, I. 7 (yet cf.
Winers Grammar, 417 (389);
Buttmann, 329 (283); especially Ellicott in loc.), and
ἐπί,
Buttmann, 2 a.
ζ'.);
εἰς εἰρήνην τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐν ἑνί σώματι, that ye may be in one body i. e. be members of one and the same body,
Colossians 3:15;
εἰς τοῦτο (which refers to what precedes) followed by
ἵνα,
1 Peter 2:21;
1 Peter 3:9; (but everywhere in the N. T. Epistles only those are spoken of as called by God who have listened to his voice addressed to them in the gospel, hence those who have enlisted in the service of Christ — see
Romans 8:30 and Rückert's Commentary, at the passage cited, p. 464, cf.
1 Corinthians 1:24; those who have slighted the invitation are not reckoned among the called); Christ also is said
καλεῖν τινα, namely, to embrace the offer of salvation by the Messiah, in
Matthew 9:13 and
Mark 2:17 (in both passages
Rec. adds
εἰς μετάνοιαν). God is said to call those who are not yet born, viz. by promises of salvation which have respect to them, so that
καλεῖν is for substance equivalent to
to appoint one to salvation, Romans 9:12 (11);
καλοῦντος τά μή ὄντα ὡς ὄντα,
Romans 4:17, where cf. Fritzsche (others besides, cf. Meyer (especially Weiss edition) at the passage).
to call (equivalent to
to select)
to assume some office, τινα, of God appointing or committing an office to one (German
berufen):
Galatians 1:15;
Hebrews 5:4 (
Isaiah 42:6;
Isaiah 49:1;
Isaiah 51:2).
to invite equivalent to
to rouse, summon: to do something,
εἰς μετάνοιαν,
Luke 5:32, added in
Rec. also in
Matthew 9:13 and
Mark 2:17.
2. to call i. e. to name, call by name;
a. to give a name to; with two accusatives, one of the object the other of the name as a predicate (to call one (by) a name:
Matthew 10:25 Rec.; cf.
Winers Grammar, § 32, 4 b.;
Buttmann, 151 (132) note); passive with the nominative of the name,
to receive the name of, receive as a name:
Matthew 2:23;
Matthew 27:8;
Luke 1:32,
60,
62;
Luke 2:4, etc.;
καλούμενος,
called, whose name or surname is, Luke 7:11;
Luke 9:10;
Luke 10:39;
Acts 7:58;
Acts 27:8,
16;
ὁ καλούμενος (on its position cf.
Buttmann, § 144, 19):
Luke 6:15;
Luke 8:2; (
Luke 22:3 T Tr WH);
Luke 23:33;
Acts 1:23;
Acts 10:1;
Acts 13:1; (
Acts 15:22 L T Tr WH);
Acts 27:14;
Revelation 12:9;
Revelation 16:16; with
ὀνόματι added,
Luke 19:2;
καλεῖσθαι ὀνόματι τίνι, to be called by a name,
Luke 1:61;
καλεῖν τινα ἐπί τῷ ὀνόματι τίνος,
Luke 1:59 (see
ἐπί,
Buttmann, 2 a.
ἤ., p. 233{b}); after the Hebrew
אֶת־שְׁמו קָרָא,
καλεῖν τό ὄνομα τίνος, with the name in the accusative,
to give some name to one, call his name:
Matthew 1:21,
23,
25;
Luke 1:13,
31; passive,
Luke 2:21;
Revelation 19:13;
Genesis 17:19;
1 Samuel 1:20, etc. (similarly sometimes in Greek writings, cf. Fritzsche on Matthew, p. 45 (
Buttmann, 151 (132))).
b. Passive
καλοῦμαι with predicate nominative
to be called i. e. to bear a name or title (among men) (cf.
Winer's Grammar, § 65, 8):
Luke 1:35;
Luke 22:25;
Acts 8:10 (
Rec. omits
καλοῦμαι);
1 Corinthians 15:9;
to be said to be (equivalent to
to be acknowledged, pass as, the nominative expressing the judgment passed on one):
Matthew 5:9,
19;
Luke 1:32,
35,
76;
Luke 2:23;
Luke 15:19;
Romans 9:26;
James 2:23; opposed to
εἶναι,
1 John 3:1 L T Tr WH; Hebraistically (
Genesis 21:12)
ἐν Ἰσαάκ κληθήσεται σοι σπέρμα, through (better
in, cf.
ἐν, I. 6 c. and Meyer (edited by Weiss) ad Romans, the passage cited) Isaac shall a seed be called for thee, i. e. Isaac (not Ishmael) is the one whose posterity shall obtain the name and honor of thy descendants,
Romans 9:7 and
Hebrews 11:18.
c. καλῷ τινα, with an accusative of the predicate or a title of honor,
to salute one by a name:
Matthew 23:9; passive,
Matthew 23:7f,
10;
Revelation 19:11 (but
Tr marginal reading
WH brackets
καλῷ); to give a name to one and mention him at the same time,
Matthew 22:43,
45;
Luke 20:44. (Compare:
ἀντικαλέω,
ἐνκαλέω,
εἰσκαλέω (
καλέομαι),
ἐπικαλέω,
μετακαλέω,
παρακαλέω,
συνπαρακαλέω,
προκαλέω,
προσκαλέω,
συγκαλέω.)
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