Ἅιδης, 
ᾅδης, 
-ου, 
ὁ, (for the older 
Ἀΐδης, which Homer uses, and this from 
α privative and 
ἰδεῖν, 
not to be seen [cf. 
Lob. Path. Element. 2:6f]); in the classics
1. a proper name, 
Hades, Pluto, the god of the lower regions; so in Homer always.
2. an appellative, 
Orcus, the nether world, the realm of the dead [cf. Theocritus, idyll. 2,159 schol. 
τὴν τοῦ ᾅδου κρούει πύλην· τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἀποθανεῖται.
In the 
Sept. the Hebrew 
שְׁאול is almost always rendered by this word (once by 
θάνατος, 
2 Samuel 22:6); it denotes, therefore, in Biblical Greek 
Orcus, the infernal regions, a dark (
Job 10:21) and dismal place (but cf. 
γέεννα and 
παράδεισος) in the very depths of the earth (
Job 11:8; 
Isaiah 57:9; 
Amos 9:2, etc.; see 
ἄβυσσος), the common receptacle of disembodied spirits: 
Luke 16:23; 
εἰς ᾅδου namely, 
δόμον, 
Acts 2:27, 
31, according to a very common ellipsis, cf. Winers Grammar, 592 (550) [Buttmann, 171 (149)]; (but L T Tr WH in 
Acts 2:27 and T WH in both verses read 
εἰς ᾅδην; so the 
Sept. Psalm 15:10 (
Ps. 16:10)); 
πύλαι ᾅδου, 
Matthew 16:18 (
πυλωροὶ ᾅδου, 
Job 38:17; see 
πύλη); 
κλεῖς τοῦ ᾅδου, 
Revelation 1:18; Hades as a power is personified, 
1 Corinthians 15:55 (where L T Tr WH read 
θάνατε for R G 
ᾅδη [cf. 
Acts 2:24 Tr marginal reading]); 
Revelation 6:8; 
Revelation 20:13f. Metaphorically, 
ἕως ᾅδου [
καταβαίνειν or] 
καταβιβάζεσθαι to [go or] be thrust down into the depth of misery and disgrace: 
Matthew 11:23 [here L Tr WH 
καταβαίνειν]; 
Luke 10:15 [here Tr marginal reading WH text 
καταβαίνειν]. [See especially 
Boettcher, De Inferis, under the word 
Ἅιδης in Greek index. On the existence and locality of Hades cf. Greswell on the Parables, Appendix, chapter x, vol. v, part ii, pp. 261-406; on the doctrinal significance of the word see the 
BB. DD. and E. R. Craven in Lange on Revelation, pp. 364-377.] 
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