Scofield Reference Bible Notes
Exodus 29

Exo 29:1 And this is the thing that thou shalt do unto them to hallow them, to minister unto me in the priest's office: Take one young bullock, and two rams without blemish,

do unto them to hallow them

The priest type of consecration. (Cf. the temple type, 1 Kings 8:1-11; 2 Chronicles 5:4-14). The order in Leviticus (Lev 8:1 - 9:24) differs from the order here. In Leviticus the filling the hands precedes the sprinkling.

Take

Cf. Heb 7:26-28.

one young bullock…two rams

See Scofield Leviticus 1:3, note.

Exo 29:2 And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten flour shalt thou make them.

unleavened bread

Leaven. vs. 2, 23; Exo 34:18, 25. (Gen 19:3; Mat 13:33.)

cakes

See Scofield Exodus 25:30, note; Leviticus 2:1, note.

Exo 29:4 And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash them with water.

Aaron

Aaron shares in the washing (i.e., symbol of regeneration, Titus 3:5; John 3:5-6):

1. as needing it, be in this in contrast with Christ (Hebrews 7:26-28);
2. to typify Christ's action, who received the baptism of John, not as needing it, but as thus identifying Himself with sinners, and as fulfilling the Aaronic type. As in Aaron's case, His anointing followed the washing (Exodus 29:4, 7; Matthew 3:14-16).

wash them with water

Distinguish the washing from the use of the laver. Exodus 30:18-21. This washing typifies regeneration (Titus 3:5); the laver, daily cleansing (1 John 1:9). See both, John 13:10.

Exo 29:5 And thou shalt take the garments, and put upon Aaron the coat, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the curious girdle of the ephod:

garments

The high priest's garments were put on in reverse order of the instructions for making them:

1. The "coat" (Exodus 28:39), the oriental long garment worn next to the person, made of fine linen. (Scofield Exodus 27:9, reference.
2. The "robe of the ephod" (Exodus 28:31-35), a long seamless garment of blue linen with an opening for the head, worn over the "coat." Pomegranates, symbol of fruitfulness, were embroidered on the skirt of the robe in blue, purple, and scarlet, alternated with golden bells, symbol of testimony, which gave a sound as the high priest went in and out of the sanctuary. The robe was secured by an embroidered girdle.
3. The ephod (Exodus 28:5-12) was next put on. A short garment made of linen, embroidered with gold, blue, purple, and scarlet, it consisted of two pieces, front and back, united by two shoulder-pieces and by a band about the bottom. Two onyx stones, set in gold and fastened upon the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, were engraved with the names of the twelve tribes: "and Aaron shall bear their names before Jehovah upon his two shoulders (the place of strength) for a memorial." Cf. Isaiah 9:6; Luke 15:4, 5.
4. The breastplate was a square pouch (Exodus 28:16) of linen to contain the Urim and Thummim. (Scofield Exodus 28:30, note). To the linen pouch was attached the oblong gold setting containing four rows of precious stones, three in each row, with the names of the twelve tribes engraved thereon, on each stone a tribal name. The breastplate with the jewel work was attached at the upper corners to the shoulder-pieces of the ephod by golden chains. Golden rings were sewn on ephod and breastplate, and the latter was further secured to the ephod by laces of blue through the rings. Altogether, it was called "the breastplate of judgment" because worn by the high priest when judging the causes of the people. (Scofield Exodus 28:30, note, references).
5. A mitre (or "turban") of fine line was made (Exodus 28:37) to cover the head, bearing upon the front a gold plate engraved, "Holiness to the Lord" (Exodus 29:36).
6. To these were added linen breeches, "from the loins even to the thighs" (Exodus 28:42).

The "coat" and linen breeches were made for the priests, also, and were the ordinary garments of high priest and priests as distinguished from the other garments, which were "for glory and beauty."

Exo 29:9 And thou shalt gird them with girdles, Aaron and his sons, and put the bonnets on them: and the priest's office shall be theirs for a perpetual statute: and thou shalt consecrate Aaron and his sons.

gird them with girdles

Symbol of service. Luke 12:37; 17:8; John 13:4; Revelation 1:13.

Exo 29:10 And thou shalt cause a bullock to be brought before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the bullock.

put their hands

Scofield Leviticus 1:4, note.

Exo 29:13 And thou shalt take all the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul that is above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and burn them upon the altar.

the fat

Scofield Leviticus 1:8, reference.

Exo 29:14 But the flesh of the bullock, and his skin, and his dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp: it is a sin offering.

without the camp

Scofield Leviticus 4:11, 12, reference.

Exo 29:24 And thou shalt put all in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons; and shalt wave them for a wave offering before the LORD.

in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons

Lit. fill the hands.

Exo 29:33 And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy.

atonement

Hebrew kaphar, "to cover." The English word "atonement" (at-one-ment) is not a translation of the Hebrew kaphar, but a translator's interpretation. According to Scripture the legal sacrifice "covered" the offerer's sin and secured the divine forgiveness; according to the translators it made God and the sinner at-one. But the O.T. sacrifices did not at-one the sinner and God. "It is not possible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins" (Hebrews 10:4). The Israelite's offering implied confession of sin and of its due desert, death; and God "covered" ("passed over," Romans 3:25) his sin, in anticipation of Christ's sacrifice, which did, finally, "put away" the sins "done aforetime in the forbearance of God" (Romans 3:25; Hebrews 9:15). See Scofield Romans 3:25, note. The word "atonement" does not occur in the N.T.; Romans 5:11, meaning reconciliation, and so rendered in the R.V. See "Sacrifice," Scofield Genesis 4:4, and references. See note on atonement, Scofield Leviticus 16.

Exo 29:36, 37 And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it. Seven days thou shalt make an atonement for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy.

atonement

Exo 29:33, note [above].

sanctify it

Sanctify, holy (O.T.) vs. 37, 44; Exo 30:30, 37. (Gen 2:3; Zec 8:3)

Exo 29:40 And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.

hin

One hin = about 6 quarts.

Exo 29:41 And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.

meat

Literally meal.