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Lexicon :: Strong's G1487 - ei

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εἰ
Transliteration
ei (Key)
Pronunciation
i
Listen
Part of Speech
conjunction
Root Word (Etymology)
A primary particle of conditionality
mGNT
502x in 2 unique form(s)
TR
504x in 6 unique form(s)
LXX
613x in 2 unique form(s)
Dictionary Aids

Vine's Expository Dictionary: View Entry

Strong’s Definitions

εἰ ei, i; a primary particle of conditionality; if, whether, that, etc.:—forasmuch as, if, that, (al-)though, whether. Often used in connection or composition with other particles, especially as in G1489, G1490, G1499, G1508, G1509, G1512, G1513, G1536, G1537. See also G1437.


KJV Translation Count — Total: 292x

The KJV translates Strong's G1487 in the following manner: if (242x), whether (21x), that (6x), not translated (20x), miscellaneous (3x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 292x
The KJV translates Strong's G1487 in the following manner: if (242x), whether (21x), that (6x), not translated (20x), miscellaneous (3x).
  1. if, whether

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
εἰ ei, i; a primary particle of conditionality; if, whether, that, etc.:—forasmuch as, if, that, (al-)though, whether. Often used in connection or composition with other particles, especially as in G1489, G1490, G1499, G1508, G1509, G1512, G1513, G1536, G1537. See also G1437.
STRONGS G1487:
[εἰ, : εἰ and are frequent interchanged in N. T. spelling. This is due partly to itacism, partly to the endeavor to mark the sound as long or short. See the remarks on this subject in WHs Appendix, p. 152f (cf. Introductory § 399); Tdf. Proleg., p. 83f; Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word εἰ. The use of for εἰ is noticed under the word Ι, ἰ; instances in which εἰ is substituted for are the following: Ἀβειληνή WH; Ἀδδεί T Tr WH; Ἀντείπας T; Ἀρεοπαγείτης T; Βενιαμείν L T Tr WH; Δαυείδ L T Tr WH; Ἐζεκείας L; Ἐλαμείτης T WH; Ἐλεισάβετ WH; Ἐσλεί T Tr WH; Ἐυνείκη Rec.st; Ἡλεί T Tr WH; Ἠλείας T WH; Ἱερειχώ T WH; Ἱεροσολυμείτης T WH; Ἰσραηλείτης T WH, so Tr in John 1:47 (48); Ἰωσείας L T Tr WH; Κείς L T Tr WH; Κυρεῖνος Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading; Λευείς T WH, so Tr except in Mark 2:14; Λευείτης T WH, so Tr except in Acts 4:36; Λευειτικός T WH; Μελχεί T Tr WH; Νηρεί T Tr WH; Νινευείτης T WH, so Tr in Matthew 12:41; Ὀζείας L T Tr WH; Πειλᾶτος T WH; Σεμεείν T Tr WH; Ταβειθά WH; Χερουβείν L T Tr WH (-βίμ R G); Χοραζείν T Tr WH; ἀφείδεια L; ἐιδέα T Tr WH; ἐπαρχεία T WH; ἐπιπόθεια WH; ἡλεί T; πανοικεί T WH; ῥαββεί T WH; ῥαββουνεί WH; σαβαχθανεί T Tr WH; ταλειθά WH; τάχειον WH; τραπεζείτης T WH.]

εἰ, is first a conditional particle, if (Latin si); secondly, an interrogative particle, whether, (Latin an, num, ne).
I. εἰ Conditional (on the difference between it and ἐάν, see ἐάν, I. 1 b.) is connected, according to the variety of conditions, with various tenses and moods; viz.
1. with the indicative of all tenses, when anything is simply and generally assumed to be, or to be done, or to have been done, or to be about to be, (Winers Grammar, § 41 b., 2; cf. 42, 2; [Buttmann, 220 (190)]).
a. with the indicative present;
α. following in the apodosis by the indicative present: Matthew 19:10 (εἰ οὕτως ἐστὶν αἰτία... οὐ συμφέρει γαμῆσαι); Matt 11:14; Romans 7:16, 20; Romans 8:25; Romans 14:15; 1 Corinthians 9:17; Galatians 2:18; Galatians 5:18; Hebrews 12:8; James 2:8f, etc.
β. followed by an imperative in the apodosis — either the present, as [Matthew 19:17 L Tr text WH text]; Mark 4:23; Mark 7:16 R G L; John 15:18; Acts 13:15; Acts 25:5; 1 Corinthians 7:12, 15; James 3:14, etc.; or the aorist, as Matthew 5:29, 30; Matthew 8:31; Matthew 19:17 [R G T Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading]; Mark 9:22 [cf. Buttmann, 55 (48)]; Luke 22:67 (Luke 22:66); 1 Corinthians 7:9.
γ. followed by the future in the apodosis: Luke 16:31; Acts 5:39 L T Tr WH; Acts 19:39; Romans 8:11, 13; 2 Corinthians 11:30, etc.
δ. followed by the perfect or the aorist in the apodosis, where it is declared that, if this or that is, something else has or has not occurred: Matthew 12:26, 28; Luke 11:20; 1 Corinthians 15:16; Galatians 2:21; Romans 4:14; 2 Peter 2:20.
ε. followed by the imperfect, either with or without ἄν, where in the protasis something is simply assumed to be, but the apodosis shows that what has been assumed cannot be the case. Three passages falling under this head have a doubtful or disputed text: εἰ ἔχετε (T Tr WH, for the R G L εἴχετε)... ἐλέγετε ἄν, etc. Luke 17:6; εἰ... μνημονεύουσιν (T Tr, for R G L WH ἐμνημόνευον)... εἶχον ἄν, Hebrews 11:15 (where by the present tense the writer refers to the language of the Jewish Fathers as at present recorded in the sacred Scriptures; cf. τοιαῦτα λέγοντες Luke 17:14); εἰ τέκνα τοῦ Ἀβρ. ἐστε (G L T Tr WH, for R ἦτε)... ἐποιεῖτε ([WH text ποι.] R L add ἄν), John 8:39; cf. Buttmann in Studien und Kritiken for 1858, p. 474ff [N. T. Gram. § 139, 26; but cf. Meyer on Luke, the passage cited]. But 2 Corinthians 11:4 εἰ... κηρύσσει... ἀνείχεσθε G T Tr WH marginal reading (ἀνέχεσθε L WH text) must not be referred to this head; here Paul in the protasis supposes something which actually occurred, in the apodosis censures a thing which actually occurred viz. the readiness with which his readers gave ear continually (this is indicated by the imperfect) to false teachers. On the difficulty of the passage cf. Holsten in the Zeitschr. f. wissensch. Theol. for 1874, p. 1ff; [cf. also Buttmann, 226 (195); but Winer's Grammar, 306 (287) and Meyer at the passage].
ζ. with a question as the apodosis: Matthew 6:23; John 5:47; John 7:23; John 8:46; 1 Peter 2:20.
b. with the indicative future: Matthew 26:33; James 2:11 R G; 1 Peter 2:20.
c. with the indicative perfect: John 11:12; Acts 16:15; Romans 6:5; Romans 11:6 (where after εἰ supply λεῖμμα γέγονεν from what precedes), 2 Corinthians 2:5; 2 Corinthians 5:16; 2 Corinthians 7:14.
d. with the indicative aorist — followed by the present in the apodosis, Luke 19:8; Romans 4:2; Romans 15:27; followed by a question in the apodosis, Luke 16:11, 12; John 18:23; 1 Corinthians 4:7; 1 Corinthians 9:11; followed by the aorist in the apodosis, Revelation 20:15; by the imperfect in the apodosis, John 18:23; John 20:15; Romans 11:17; 1 Timothy 5:9, 10; Philemon 1:18; by the future in the apodosis, John 13:32; John 15:20; Hebrews 12:25 (where supply οὐκ ἐκφευξόμεθα in the apodosis).
2. Not infrequently, when a conclusion is drawn from something that is quite certain, εἰ with the indicative is used argumentatively so as to be equivalent in sense to ἐπεί (cf. the use of German wenn) [cf. Winer's Grammar, 448 (418)]: Matthew 12:28; Luke 23:31; John 7:4; Romans 5:17; Romans 6:5; Romans 8:31; Romans 11:6, 12; Colossians 2:20; Colossians 3:1, etc.
3. When it is said what would have been, or what would be now or in the future, if something else were or had been, εἰ is used with the imperfect, pluperfect, and aorist indicative; in the apodosis it is followed in direct discourse by ἄν with the imperfect or the pluperfect or the aorist; sometimes ἄν is omitted, (on the causes of the omission, see Buttmann, § 139, 27); sometimes the apodosis is made a question [cf. Winers Grammar, 304f (285f)].
a. εἰ with the imperfect, followed in the apodosis by ἄν with the imperfect: Matthew 23:30; Luke 7:39 (εἰ οὗτος ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν ἄν, if this man were a prophet, he would know); John 5:46; John 8:42; John 9:41; John 15:19; 1 Corinthians 11:31; Galatians 1:10; Hebrews 8:4, 7 (if... were, etc., there would not be sought, etc., viz. in the O. T. passage quoted Hebrews 8:8); by a question in the apodosis: 1 Corinthians 12:19; Hebrews 7:11; by ἄν with the aorist, where the Latin uses the pluperfect subjunctive: John 11:32 (εἰ ἦς ὧδε if thou hadst been here, οὐκ ἄν ἀπέθανέ μου ἀδελφός my brother would not have died [when he did (cf. below); Buttmann, § 139, 25 regards the imperfect in protasis as expressing duration]); John 4:10; John 18:30 (εἰ μή ἦν οὗτος κακοποιός, οὐκ ἄν σοι παρεδώκαμεν αὐτόν, we would not have delivered him to thee); Acts 18:14; by ἄν with the pluperfect: John 11:21 (εἰ ἦς ὧδε... οὐκ ἄν ἐτεθνήκει, would not have died [and be now dead; cf. Winers Grammar, 304 (285) and see above; but L T Tr text WH read the aorist here also]); 1 John 2:19.
b. εἰ with the pluperfect, followed in the apodosis by ἄν with the pluperfect or the aorist, in the sense of the Latin pluperfect subjunctive: Matthew 12:7 (εἰ ἐγνώκειτε, if ye had understood, i. e., if ye knew, οὐκ ἄν κατεδικάσατε τοὺς ἀναιτίους ye would not have condemned the guiltless); Matthew 24:43 and Luke 12:39, (εἰ ᾔδει if he had perceived, i. e., if he knew, ἐγρηγόρησεν ἄν he would have watched, namely, before the thief had approached [Tr text WH omit ἄν in Luke, the passage cited]); John 4:10; John 8:19; John 14:7 [R G L].
c. with the aorist in the same sense as the Latin pluperfect subjunctive: εἰ ἐδόθη νόμος... ὄντως ἂν ἐκ νόμου ἦν δικαιοσύνη, if a law had been given, righteousness would in truth come from the law, Galatians 3:21; εἰ αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν if Joshua had given them rest, οὐκ ἄν περὶ ἄλλης ἐλάλει, he would not be speaking, namely, in the passage quoted, Hebrews 4:8; apodosis without ἄν, John 15:22, see ἄν I. 3, p. 33f.
4. As in classic Greek, εἰ with the indicative is often joined to verbs expressing wonder, surprise, or other strong emotion (where ὅτι might have been expected), when the thing spoken of is either not quite certain, or, although certain, yet in accordance with the well-known Greek urbanity is represented as not quite free from doubt (Matthiae, ii., p. 1474f; Kühner, ii., p. 887f; [Jelf, § 804, 9]; Winers Grammar, § 60, 6; [Buttmann, § 139, 52]). Thus, it is joined — to the verb, θαυμάζω: ἐθαύμαζεν, εἰ ἤδη τέθνηκε, for the matter had not yet been investigated; hence, it is added ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν, εἰ ἤδη [R G T Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading πάλαι] ἀπέθανεν, Mark 15:44; μὴ θαυμάζετε, εἰ μισεῖ ὑμᾶς κόσμος (the thing is certain) 1 John 3:13; to the phrase ἄπιστον κρίνεται: Acts 26:8 (with παράδοξον preceding, Lucian, dial. mort. 13, 1); to καλόν ἐστιν and λυσιτελεῖ: Mark 9:42 and Luke 17:2 (Matthew 18:6 has συμφέρει, ἵνα); Matthew 26:24 and Mark 14:21; to μέγα ἐστί: 1 Corinthians 9:11 (on which see 8 below); 2 Corinthians 11:15; τί θέλω, εἰ ἤδη ἀνήφθη (τὸ πῦρ), how would I if (i. e., that) it were already kindled (but it has not yet been kindled), Luke 12:49 (others besides, but cf. Meyer at the passage; [so Buttmann the passage cited; cf. Winers Grammar, 448 (418); see τίς, 1 e. γ. at the end]; Sir. 23:14 θελήσεις, εἰ μή ἐγεννήθης; [in addition to the other interpretations noticed by Winer's and Meyer the passages cited mention may be made of that which takes θέλω as subjunctive: what am I to choose if (as I may well assume) it has already been kindled; cf. Green, 'Critical Notes' at the passage]).
5. Contrary to Greek usage, in imitation of the Hebrew אִם, εἰ, with the indicative is so used in oaths and asseverations that by aposiopesis the formula of imprecation [constituting the apodosis] is suppressed (Winers Grammar, § 55 at the end; Buttmann, § 149, 4): ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, εἰ δοθήσεται... σημεῖον (fully expressed, 'may God punish me, if it shall be given,' i. e. it shall by no means be given), Mark 8:12; ὤμοσα, εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου (fully, 'let my name no longer be Jehovah, if they shall enter,' etc.), Hebrews 3:11; Hebrews 4:3, from Psalm 94:11 (Ps. 95:11) Sept. (Hebrew אִם, Genesis 14:23; Numbers 14:30; 1 Samuel 14:45, etc.; we have the full expression in 1 Samuel 3:17; Song of Solomon 2:7, etc.).
6. Sometimes, as in classic Greek, after a protasis with εἰ and the indicative, the apodosis is suppressed on account of mental agitation and left to be supplied by the reader or the hearer from the context (cf. Winer's Grammar, 599f (557)): εἰ βούλει παρενεγκεῖν τὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο (namely, παρένεγκε [but here L Tr WH adopt the imperative in place of the infinitive; yet cf. Buttmann, 396 (339)]), Luke 22:42; εἰ δὲ πνεῦμα ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ ἄγγελος, supply in place of an apodosis the question what then? Acts 23:9 (the apodosis added in Rec., μὴ θεομαχῶμεν, is spurious); εἰ ἔγνως... τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην σου, namely, ἐπίστευες ἄν ἐμοί, Luke 19:42 [Buttmann, 396 (339)].
7. The conditional εἰ is joined with the optative, to indicate that the condition is merely thought of or stated as a possibility, (cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 491ff; Winers Grammar, 293f (275f); Buttmann, § 139, 24). No example of this construction is found in the Gospels; very few in the rest of the N. T.
a. universally, in short intercalated clauses: εἰ τύχοι, if it so chance, it may be, (see τυγχάνω, 2), 1 Corinthians 14:10; 1 Corinthians 15:37; εἰ θέλοι τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ, 1 Peter 3:17 (Rec. θέλει).
b. where it indicates that something may occur repeatedly (cf. Klotz, the passage cited, p. 492f): εἰ καὶ πάσχοιτε, 1 Peter 3:14 [cf. Winers Grammar, as above].
c. where the condition represents the mind and judgment of others: εἰς ὂν ἐβουλεύοντο [R G -σαντο], εἰ δύναιντο ἐξῶσαι [WH text ἐκσῶσαι (which see)] τὸ πλοῖον, into which bay [or rather 'upon which beach'; see ἐξωθέω] they determined to run the ship, if they could; as though the navigators had said among themselves, ἐξώσομεν, εἰ δυνάμεθα, Acts 27:39; so also εἴ τι ἔχοιεν πρός με, if they think they have anything against me, Acts 24:19.
8. with the subjunctive, when it is assumed that something may take place, but whether it will in reality is unknown before the event, in order to make the event seem to be more certain than if ἐάν were used (Klotz, the passage cited, p. 500ff; Winers Grammar, 294f (276f); Buttmann, § 139, 22): εἰ... θερίσωμεν, 1 Corinthians 9:11 Tdf. editions 2, 7 [Lachmann marginal reading; others, -σομεν]; (Sept. Genesis 43:3f; Sir. 22:26; 4 Macc. 6:20). But see III. below, under εἰ μή, εἰ μήτι, εἴ πως, εἴτε... εἴτε, εἴ τις.
II. εἰ Interrogative, whether. "The conditional particle gets this force if a question is asked about anything, whether it is or is not so, and that about which the question is put is uttered as it were conditionally" (Klotz, the passage cited, p. 508; [Winers Grammar, § 57, 1; Buttmann 248ff (214ff); 254f (218f)]).
1. As in Greek writings in an indirect question after verbs of seeing, asking, deliberating, knowing, saying, etc.
a. with the indicative present: as ὀυδ’ εἰ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἔστιν, ἠκούσαμεν (properly, according to the conditional force of the particle, 'if there is [i. e. has appeared, been given; cf. εἰμί, I. 2] a Holy Spirit, we did not even hear'), Acts 19:2; ἴδωμεν, εἰ ἔρχεται, Matthew 27:49; Mark 15:36; βουλεύεται [T WH L marginal reading -σεται], εἰ δυνατός ἐστιν, Luke 14:31; ἵνα εἴπῃς, εἰ σὺ εἶ, Matthew 26:63; [ἵνα γνῶ τὴν δοκιμὴν ὑμῶν εἰ (WH marginal reading )... ὑπήκοοί ἐστε, 2 Corinthians 2:9 (see WH. Introductory § 404)]; after οὐκ οἶδα, John 9:25; after κρίνατε, Acts 4:19; δοκιμάζετε [(?), πειράζετε], 2 Corinthians 13:5.
b. with the indicative future [cf. Winers Grammar, 300 (282); Buttmann, § 139, 61 b.]: δεήθητι, εἰ ἄρα ἀφεθήσεταί σοι, Acts 8:22; τί οἶδας, εἰ... σώσεις, 1 Corinthians 7:16; παρετήρουν, εἰ θεραπεύσει [Tdf. -πεύει], Mark 3:2 and in Luke 6:7 [R G WH marginal reading]; ἦλθεν (namely, to see), εἰ ἄρα τι εὑρήσει, Mark 11:13.
c. with the indicative aorist: οὐκ οἶδα, εἴ τινα ἄλλον ἐβάπτισα, whether I baptized, 1 Corinthians 1:16; ἐπηρώτησαν, εἰ πάλαι [L Tr text WH text ἤδη] ἀπέθανεν, whether he were long dead, Mark 15:44; εἰπέ μοι, εἰ... ἀπέδοσθε, Acts 5:8.
d. with the subjunctive aorist [cf. Buttmann, 255f (220); Winer's Grammar, 298f (280f)]: διώκω, εἰ καὶ καταλάβω, I press on (namely, πειρώμενος or σκοπῶν, trying to see), whether I may also lay hold, Philippians 3:12. So si is used in Latin, e. g. Nepos, vit. Hann. 8 Hannibal... Africam accessit in finibus Cyrenaeorum (namely, experturus), si forte Carthaginienses ad bellum possent induci; Caesar b. g. 1, 8, 4 si perrumpere possent, conati; add Caesar b. g. 2, 9, 1. Cf. Kühner, ii., p. 1032f; [Jelf, § 877 b.].
2. Contrary to the usage of Greek authors, like the Hebrew אִם and the interrogative ה, it is used in the Sept. and the N. T. (especially by Luke) also in direct questions (cf. the colloquial use of the German ob; e. g. ob ich's wohl thun soll?); cf. Winers Grammar, § 57, 1; Buttmann, 248 (214), and, in opposition to those who have striven to absolve the sacred writers from this misuse of the particle (especially Fritzsche and Meyer [see the latter's note on Matthew 12:10 and Luke 13:23; he quotes with approval the language of Ast (Platonic Lexicon, vol. i. 601), 'dubitanter interrogat, ita ut interrogatio videatur directa esse']), cf. Lipsius, Paulin. Rechtfertigungslehre, p. 30ff: — εἶπέ τις αὐτῷ, κύριε, εἰ ὀλίγοι οἱ σωζόμενοι; Luke 13:23; κύριε, εἰ πατάξομεν ἐν μαχαίρα [-ρῃ T Tr WH]; Luke 22:49; κύριε, εἰ... ἀποκαθιστάνεις τ. βασιλείαν; Acts 1:6; cf. besides, Matthew 12:10; Matthew 19:3; Mark 8:23 (according to the reading of [Tdf. 2, 7] Tr [marginal reading WH text] εἴ τι βλέπεις for R G L T Tr text WH marginal reading βλέπει); Acts 19:2, etc. (Genesis 17:17; Genesis 43:6; 1 Samuel 10:24, etc.; in the O. T. Apocrypha, 2 Macc. 7:7; 2 Macc. 15:3; 4 Macc. 18:17 from Ezekiel 37:3 Sept.; Tobit 5:5).
III. εἰ with other particles and with the indefinite pronoun τὶς, τὶ.
1. εἰ ἄρα, see ἄρα, 1.
2. εἴγε, see γέ, 3 c.
3. εἰ δὲ καί,
a. but if also, so that καί belongs to some word that follows: Luke 11:18 (but if Satan also).
b. but though, but even if, so that καί belongs to εἰ: 1 Corinthians 4:7; 2 Corinthians 4:3; 2 Corinthians 5:16 [R G; others omit δέ]; 2 Corinthians 11:6; see 6 below.
4. εἰ δὲ μή, but if not; if it is or were otherwise, [Buttmann, 393 (336f), cf. 345 (297); Winer's Grammar, as below]: John 14:2 (εἰ δὲ μή, namely, οὕτως ἦν), John 14:11 (εἰ δὲ μή namely, ἐμοὶ πιστεύετε, i. e. my words). As in these passages so generally the phrase stands where a word or clause must be repeated in thought from what immediately precedes; it thus has the force of the Latin alioquin, otherwise, or else, [Winer's Grammar, 583 (543)]: Revelation 2:5, 16; also after negative declarations, Mark 2:21f; cf. Matthiae, § 617 b.
5. εἰ δὲ μήγε, see γέ, 3 d.
6. εἰ καί,
a. if even, if also, (cf. εἰ δὲ καί, 3 a., [and 7 below]): 1 Corinthians 7:21 [cf. Meyer at the passage; Bp. Lightfoot on Philemon, p. 324]; 2 Corinthians 11:15.
b. though, although: Luke 11:8; 2 Corinthians 4:16; 2 Corinthians 7:8, 12; Philippians 2:17; Colossians 2:5 [εἰ γὰρ καί]; Hebrews 6:9; with the optative, 1 Peter 3:14; see I. 7 b. above.
7. καὶ εἰ, even if: Mark 14:29 [T Tr WH εἰ καί]; 1 Peter 3:1; cf. Klotz, the passage cited, p. 519 [who says, "In εἰ καί the conditional particle εἰ has the greater force; in καὶ εἰ the conjunctive particle καί. Hence, καὶ εἰ is used of what is only assumed to be true; εἰ καί, on the other hand, of what is as it is said to be." Bäumlein (Griech. Partikeln, p. 151) says, "In εἰ καί the καί naturally belongs to the conditional clause and is taken up into it, if even; in the combination καὶ εἰ the καί belongs to the consequent clause, even if. Sometimes however the difference disappears." Krüger (§ 65, 5, 15): "with καὶ εἰ, the leading clause is regarded as holding under every condition, even the one stated, which appears to be the most extreme; with εἰ καί the condition, which may also come to pass, is regarded as a matter of indifference in reference to the leading clause;" Sauppe (on Demosthenes, Ol. 2 § 20) is very explicit: "καὶ εἰ and εἰ καί both indicate that something conflicts with what is expressed in the leading clause, but that that is (or is done) notwithstanding. καὶ εἰ, however, represents the thing adduced in the conditional sentence to be the only thing conflicting; but when the conditional particle precedes (εἰ καί), the representation is that something which is (or may be) accompanied by many others (καί) conflicts ineffectually. Accordingly, the phrase καὶ εἰ greatly augments the force of what follows, εἰ καί lays less emphasis upon it; although it is evident that εἰ καί can often be substituted for καὶ εἰ." Cf. Herm. Vig., p. 829f; Winer's Grammar, 444 (413); Ellicott on Philippians 2:17; Schmalfeld, Griech. Syntax, § 41; Paley, Greek Particles, p. 31].
8. εἰ μή,
a. in a conditional protasis, with the same sequence of moods and tenses as the simple εἰ see I. above, if not, unless, except, [Winers Grammar, 477ff (444ff); Buttmann, 345 (297)]: Matthew 24:22; John 9:33; John 15:22, 24; Romans 7:7, etc.
b. it serves, with the entire following sentence, to limit or correct what has just been said, only, save that, (Latin nisi quod), [Buttmann, 359 (308)]: Mark 6:5; 1 Corinthians 7:17 (where Paul by the addition εἰ μὴ ἑκάστῳ κτλ. strives to prevent anyone in applying what had been said a little while before, viz. οὐ δεδούλωται... ἐν τοιούτοις to his own case, from going too far); in ironical answers, unless perchance, save forsooth that, (Kühner, § 577, 7; [Jelf, § 860, 5 Obs.]): εἰ μὴ χρῄζομεν κτλ., 2 Corinthians 3:1 Rec.
c. εἰ μή very often coalesce into one particle, as it were, which takes the same verb as the preceding negation: unless, equivalent to except, save, [Kühner, § 577, 8; Buttmann, 359 (308)];
α. universally: Matthew 11:27; Matthew 12:39; Mark 2:26; Mark 8:14; John 3:13; Romans 7:7; Romans 13:1, 8; 1 Corinthians 8:4; 1 Corinthians 12:3; 2 Corinthians 12:5, etc. as in classic Greek, μόνος, μόνον, is added pleonastically: Matthew 17:8; Matthew 21:19; Matthew 24:36; Acts 11:19; Philippians 4:15; Revelation 13:17, etc.
β. after negatives joined to nouns it is so used as to refer to the negative alone (hence, many have regarded it as used for ἀλλά [i. e. as being not exceptive but adversative]), and can be rendered in Latin sed tantum, but only: Matthew 12:4 (οὐκ ἐξὸν ἦν αὐτῷ φαγεῖν οὐδὲ τοῖς μετ’ αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσι μόνοις, as if οὐκ ἐξὸν ἦν φαγεῖν alone preceded); Luke 4:26; Romans 14:14; Revelation 9:4; Revelation 21:27 (ἐὰν μή is so used in Galatians 2:16; on Galatians 1:19 see Ἰάκωβος, 3); cf. Fritzsche on Romans, vol. iii., p. 195; [see ἐάν, I. 3 c. and references].
γ. when preceded by the interrogative τίς in questions having a negative force: Mark 2:7; Luke 5:21; Romans 11:15; 1 Corinthians 2:11; 2 Corinthians 2:2; 2 Corinthians 12:13; Hebrews 3:18; 1 John 2:22; 1 John 5:5; (Xenophon, oec. 9, 1; Aristophanes eqq. 615).
δ. with other conjunctions: εἰ μὴ ἵνα, John 10:10; εἰ μὴ ὅταν, Mark 9:9; τί ἐστιν, εἰ μὴ ὅτι etc., 2 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 4:9.
ε. it has its own verb, and makes a phrase by itself: οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλο, εἰ μή τινές εἰσιν οἱ ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς which means nothing else, save that there are some who trouble you, Galatians 1:7 [so Winer (commentary at the passage) and others; but see Meyer].
d. ἐκτὸς εἰ μή, arising from the blending of the two expressions εἰ μή and ἐκτὸς εἰ, like the Latin nisi si equivalent to praeterquam si, except in case, except: 1 Timothy 5:19; with the indicative aorist, 1 Corinthians 15:2; with the subjunctive present 1 Corinthians 14:5; (Lucian, de luctu c. 19; dial. meret. 1, 2, etc.). Cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 459; Winers Grammar, § 65, 3 c.; [Buttmann, index under the word ἐκτὸς εἰ μή].
9. εἰ μήν, assuredly, surely, in oaths: Hebrews 6:14 L T Tr WH (for R G μήν [which see]) and several times in the Sept. as Ezekiel 33:27; Ezekiel 34:8; [cf. Ezekiel 36:5; 38:19; 1 Kings 21:23 (1 Kings 20:23)], etc.; here, if εἰ did not come from by itacism, εἰ μήν must be explained as confusion of the Hebraisic εἰ μή (see I. 5 above) and the Greek formula of asseveration μήν; cf. Bleek on Heb. vol. 2:2, p. 248ff, and what Fritzsche says on the other side, commentary on Baruch 2:29; Judith 1:12; [cf. Kneucker on Baruch, the passage cited; Buttmann, 359 (308); Tdf. Proleg., p. 59; WHs Appendix, p. 151; B. D. under the word New Testament, I. 31].
10. εἰ μή τι or μήτι, unless in some respect, unless perchance, unless indeed: ironically, with the indicative present, 2 Corinthians 13:5; hesitatingly, with the subjunctive aorist Luke 9:13; Meyer at the passage [also Winers Grammar, 294 (276); Buttmann, 221 (191)]; τί ἄν: 1 Corinthians 7:5, see ἄν, IV.
11. εἰ οὐ (fully discussed by Winers Grammar, § 55, 2 c. and Buttmann, 345ff (297ff)), if not; this combination is used much more frequently in the N. T. than in the more elegant Greek authors; it differs from εἰ μή in this, that in the latter μή belongs to the particle εἰ, while in εἰ οὐ the οὐ refers to some following word and denies it emphatically, not infrequently even coalescing with it into a single idea.
a. when the idea to which οὐ belongs is antithetic
α. to a positive term, either preceding or following: εἰ δὲ οὐ μοιχεύεις φονεύεις δέ, James 2:11 [in R G the future]; εἰ γὰρ θεὸς... οὐκ ἐφείσατο,... ἀλλὰ... παρέδωκεν εἰς κρίσιν, 2 Peter 2:4f; εἰ καὶ οὐ δώσει... διά γε... δώσει, Luke 11:8; εἰ οὐ ποιῶ... εἰ δέ ποιῶ, John 10:37f; εἰ γὰρ ἐπιστεύετε..., εἰ δὲ... οὐ πιστεύετε, John 5:46f; add, Mark 11:26 R G L; Romans 8:9; 1 Corinthians 9:2; 1 Corinthians 11:6; James 3:2.
β. to some other idea which is negative (formally or virtually): εἰ... οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, οὐδὲ... πεισθήσονται, Luke 16:31; εἰ... οὐκ ἐφείσατο, οὐδὲ σου φείσεται [Rec. -σηται], Romans 11:21; add, 1 Corinthians 15:13, 15-17; 2 Thessalonians 3:10; followed in the apodosis by a question having the force of a negative: Luke 16:11; John 3:12; 1 Timothy 3:5.
γ. the οὐ denies with emphasis the idea to which it belongs: καλὸν ἦν αὐτῷ, εἰ οὐκ ἐγεννήθη, good were it for him not to have been born, Matthew 26:24; Mark 14:21.
δ. the whole emphasis is placed on the negative itself: εἰ σὺ οὐκ εἶ Χριστός, John 1:25.
b. the οὐ coalesces, as it were, with the word to which it belongs into a single idea: εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἐγκρατεύονται if they are incontinent, 1 Corinthians 7:9; εἴ τίς τῶν ἰδίων οὐ προνοεῖ [or -εῖται T Tr text WH marginal reading], neglects, 1 Timothy 5:8; add, Luke 14:26; 1 Corinthians 16:22; Revelation 20:15, etc.
12. εἰ οὖν, if then: Matthew 6:23; Matthew 7:11; Luke 11:13, 36; John 13:14; John 18:8; Acts 11:17; Colossians 3:1; Philemon 1:1. [On εἰ μὲν οὖν see μέν II. 4.]
13. εἴπερ [so T WH (except in 2 Corinthians 5:3 marginal reading), but L Tr εἴ περ; cf. Winers Grammar, 45; Lipsius, Gram. Unters., p. 123], (εἰ and πέρ, and this apparently from περί), properly, if on the whole; if only, provided that, is used "of a thing which is assumed to be, but whether rightly or wrongly is left in doubt" (Herm. ad Vig., p. 831, [so Winers Grammar, 448 (417); but cf. Bäumlein, Griech. Partikeln, p. 202 (cf. 64 bottom); Klotz ad Devar. 2:2, p. 528, and especially under the word εἴγε (in γέ, 3 c.) and the references to Meyer, Lightfoot, Ellicott, there given]): Romans 8:9, 17; 1 Corinthians 8:5; 1 Corinthians 15:15; 1 Peter 2:3 (where L T Tr WH εἰ); by a species of rhetorical politeness it is used of that about which there is no doubt: 2 Thessalonians 1:6; Romans 3:30 L T Tr WH; 2 Corinthians 5:3 L Tr WH marginal reading.
14. εἴ πως [L Tr WH] or εἴπως [G T], if in any way, if by any means, if possibly: with the optative present (see I. 7 above), Acts 27:12; interrogatively, with the indicative future, Romans 1:10; with the subjunctive aorist, so that before εἰ the word σκοπῶν or πειρώμενος must be mentally supplied (see II. 1 d. above): Romans 11:14; Philippians 3:11.
15. εἴτε... εἴτε,
a. whether... or [as disjunction conjunction, sive... sive; cf. Winers Grammar, 440 (409f); Buttmann, 221 (191)], without a verb following: Romans 12:6-8; 1 Corinthians 3:22; 1 Corinthians 8:5; 2 Corinthians 5:9; Philippians 1:18, 20, 27; 2 Thessalonians 2:15; Colossians 1:16, 20; 1 Peter 2:13f; εἴτε οὖν... εἴτε, 1 Corinthians 15:11; followed by the indicative present, 1 Corinthians 12:26; 1 Corinthians 13:8; 2 Corinthians 1:6; followed by the subjunctive present 1 Thessalonians 5:10, where the use of the subjunctive was occasioned by the subjunctive ζήσωμεν in the leading clause; cf. Winers Grammar, 294 (276); Buttmann, 221 (191).
b. whether... or [as indirect interrogatives, utrum... an; cf. Buttmann, 250 (215)] (see examples from Greek authors in Matthiae, p. 1476f): after οὐκ οἶδα, 2 Corinthians 12:2f.
16. εἴ τις, εἴ τι: examples of this combination have already been given among the preceding; here may be added εἴ τις ἕτερος, εἴ τι ἕτερον and if (there be) any other person or thing — a phrase used as a conclusion after the mention or enumeration of several particulars belonging to the same class (in the classics εἴ τις ἄλλος, εἰ καί τις ἄλλος, καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο, etc., in Herodotus, Xenophon, Plato, others): Romans 13:9; 1 Timothy 1:10; εἴ τις with subjunctive present Revelation 11:5 Rec.; with the subjunctive aorist, ibid. T Tr WH text.

Related entry:
[εἴγε, see γέ, 3 c.]

Related entry:
εἴπερ, see εἰ, III. 13.

Related entry:
εἴτε, see εἰ, III. 15.
THAYER’S GREEK LEXICON, Electronic Database.
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All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com

BLB Scripture Index of Thayer's

Genesis
14:23; 17:17; 43:3; 43:6
Numbers
14:30
1 Samuel
3:17; 10:24; 14:45
1 Kings
20:23; 21:23
Psalms
94:11; 95:11
Song of Songs
2:7
Ezekiel
33:27; 34:8; 36:5; 37:3; 38:19
Matthew
5:29; 5:30; 6:23; 6:23; 7:11; 8:31; 11:14; 11:27; 12:4; 12:7; 12:10; 12:10; 12:26; 12:28; 12:28; 12:39; 12:41; 17:8; 18:6; 19:3; 19:10; 19:17; 19:17; 21:19; 23:30; 24:22; 24:36; 24:43; 26:24; 26:24; 26:33; 26:63; 27:49
Mark
2:7; 2:14; 2:21; 2:26; 3:2; 4:23; 6:5; 7:16; 8:12; 8:14; 8:23; 9:9; 9:22; 9:42; 11:13; 11:26; 14:21; 14:21; 14:29; 15:36; 15:44; 15:44
Luke
4:26; 5:21; 6:7; 7:39; 9:13; 11:8; 11:8; 11:13; 11:18; 11:20; 11:36; 12:39; 12:49; 13:23; 13:23; 14:26; 14:31; 16:11; 16:11; 16:12; 16:31; 16:31; 17:2; 17:6; 17:14; 19:8; 19:42; 22:42; 22:49; 22:66; 22:67; 23:31
John
1:25; 1:47; 1:48; 3:12; 3:13; 4:10; 4:10; 5:46; 5:46; 5:47; 7:4; 7:23; 8:19; 8:39; 8:42; 8:46; 9:25; 9:33; 9:41; 10:10; 10:37; 11:12; 11:21; 11:32; 13:14; 13:32; 14:2; 14:7; 14:11; 15:18; 15:19; 15:20; 15:22; 15:22; 15:24; 18:8; 18:23; 18:23; 18:30; 20:15
Acts
1:6; 4:19; 4:36; 5:8; 5:39; 8:22; 11:17; 11:19; 13:15; 16:15; 18:14; 19:2; 19:2; 19:39; 23:9; 24:19; 25:5; 26:8; 27:12; 27:39
Romans
1:10; 3:30; 4:2; 4:14; 5:17; 6:5; 6:5; 7:7; 7:7; 7:16; 7:20; 8:9; 8:9; 8:11; 8:13; 8:17; 8:25; 8:31; 11:6; 11:6; 11:12; 11:14; 11:15; 11:17; 11:21; 12:6; 12:7; 12:8; 13:1; 13:8; 13:9; 14:14; 14:15; 15:27
1 Corinthians
1:16; 2:11; 3:22; 4:7; 4:7; 7:5; 7:9; 7:9; 7:12; 7:15; 7:16; 7:17; 7:21; 8:4; 8:5; 8:5; 9:2; 9:11; 9:11; 9:11; 9:17; 11:6; 11:31; 12:3; 12:19; 12:26; 13:8; 14:5; 14:10; 15; 15:2; 15:11; 15:13; 15:15; 15:16; 15:37; 16:22
2 Corinthians
1:6; 2:2; 2:5; 2:9; 3:1; 4:3; 4:16; 5:3; 5:3; 5:9; 5:16; 5:16; 7:8; 7:12; 7:14; 11:4; 11:6; 11:15; 11:15; 11:30; 12:2; 12:5; 12:13; 12:13; 13:5; 13:5
Galatians
1:7; 1:10; 1:19; 2:16; 2:18; 2:21; 3:21; 5:18
Ephesians
4:9
Philippians
1:18; 1:20; 1:27; 2:17; 2:17; 3:11; 3:12; 4:15
Colossians
1:16; 1:20; 2:5; 2:20; 3:1; 3:1
1 Thessalonians
5:10
2 Thessalonians
1:6; 2:15; 3:10
1 Timothy
1:10; 3:5; 5:8; 5:9; 5:10; 5:19
Philemon
1:1; 1:18
Hebrews
3:11; 3:18; 4:3; 4:8; 6:9; 6:14; 7:11; 8:4; 8:7; 8:8; 11:15; 12:8; 12:25
James
2:8; 2:11; 2:11; 3:2; 3:14
1 Peter
2:3; 2:13; 2:20; 2:20; 3:1; 3:14; 3:14; 3:17
2 Peter
2:4; 2:20
1 John
2:19; 2:22; 3:13; 5:5
Revelation
2:5; 2:16; 9:4; 11:5; 13:17; 20:15; 20:15; 21:27

Word / Phrase / Strong's Search

Strong's Number G1487 matches the Greek εἰ (ei),
which occurs 504 times in 460 verses in the TR Greek.

Page 1 / 10 (Mat 4:3–Mat 26:33)

Unchecked Copy BoxMat 4:3 - And when the tempter came to him, he said, If G1487 thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 4:6 - And saith unto him, If G1487 thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 5:13 - Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 5:29 - And if G1487 thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 5:30 - And if G1487 thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 6:1 - Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 6:23 - But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If G1487 therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness!
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 6:30 - Wherefore, if G1487 God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 7:11 - If G1487 ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 8:31 - So the devils besought him, saying, If G1487 thou cast us out, suffer us to go away into the herd of swine.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 9:17 - Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 10:25 - It is enough for the disciple that he be as his master, and the servant as his lord. If G1487 they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more shall they call them of his household?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 11:14 - And if G1487 ye will receive it, this is Elias, which was for to come.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 11:21 - Woe unto thee, Chorazin! woe unto thee, Bethsaida! for if G1487 the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 11:23 - And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if G1487 the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 11:27 - All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:4 - How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:7 - But if G1487 ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:10 - And, behold, there was a man which had his hand withered. And they asked him, saying, Is it lawful G1487 to heal on the sabbath days? that they might accuse him.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:24 - But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, This fellow doth not cast out devils, but by Beelzebub the prince of the devils.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:26 - And if G1487 Satan cast out Satan, he is divided against himself; how shall then his kingdom stand?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:27 - And if G1487 I by Beelzebub cast out devils, by whom do your children cast them out? therefore they shall be your judges.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:28 - But if G1487 I cast out devils by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God is come unto you.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 12:39 - But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 13:57 - And they were offended in him. But Jesus said unto them, A prophet is not without honour, save in his own country, and in his own house.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 14:17 - And they say unto him, We have here but five loaves, and two fishes.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 14:28 - And Peter answered him and said, Lord, if G1487 it be thou, bid me come unto thee on the water.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 15:24 - But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 16:4 - A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 16:24 - Then said Jesus unto his disciples, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 17:4 - Then answered Peter, and said unto Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here: if G1487 thou wilt, let us make here three tabernacles; one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 17:8 - And when they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no man, save Jesus only.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 17:21 - Howbeit this kind goeth not out but by prayer and fasting.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 18:8 - Wherefore if G1487 thy hand or thy foot offend thee, cut them off, and cast them from thee: it is better for thee to enter into life halt or maimed, rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into everlasting fire.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 18:9 - And if G1487 thine eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: it is better for thee to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into hell fire.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 19:3 - The Pharisees also came unto him, tempting him, and saying unto him, Is it lawful G1487 for a man to put away his wife for every cause?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 19:9 - And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 19:10 - His disciples say unto him, If G1487 the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 19:17 - And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if G1487 thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 19:21 - Jesus said unto him, If G1487 thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 20:15 - Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? G1487 Is thine eye evil, because I am good?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 21:19 - And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 22:45 - If G1487 David then call him Lord, how is he his son?
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 23:30 - And say, If G1487 we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 24:22 - And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 24:24 - For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if G1487 it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 24:36 - But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 24:43 - But know this, that if G1487 the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched, and would not have suffered his house to be broken up.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 26:24 - The Son of man goeth as it is written of him: but woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for that man if G1487 he had not been born.
Unchecked Copy BoxMat 26:33 - Peter answered and said unto him, Though all men shall be offended because of thee, yet will I never be offended.

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