נָבִיא 306 noun masculine spokesman, speaker, prophet —
נ׳ Genesis 20:7 155 times; suffix
נְבִיאֶ֑ךָ Exodus 7:1; plural
נְבִיאִים Numbers 11:29 +
82 times;
נְנִאִים Jeremiah 27:18 +
16 times; suffix
נְבִיאַי Psalm 105:15;
נְבִיָאו 1 Kings 22:22;
נְבִיאָו֯ 2 Kings 17:13, etc.; —
1. genuine
prophet of
י׳,
נביא, anciently called
רֹאֶה,
1 Samuel 9:9 (antiquarian note); change probably occurred in times of Elijah and is first reflected in Ehpraimitic source literally as applied to Abraham
Genesis 20:7; Moses
Deuteronomy 34:10, M. and other early prophets.
Hosea 6:5;
Hosea 12:11 (twice in verse);
Hosea 12:14 (twice in verse);
Amos 2:11,
12; of prophets in ecstatic state
Numbers 12:6 (E),
Numbers 11:24 (JE). So in Judaic literature, of prophet like Moses
Deuteronomy 18:15,
18 (D), of Aaron (as mouthpiece of Moses)
Exodus 7:1 (P), of Samuel
1 Samuel 3:20, an unknown
Judges 6:8; in time of Samuel prophets were organized in bands:
חֶבֶל נביאים 1 Samuel 10:5,
10:10;
להקת הנ׳ 1 Samuel 19:20; and in time of Elijah were
בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים = members of prophets' guilds
1 Kings 20:35;
2 Kings 2:3,
5,
7,
15;
2 Kings 4:1,
38 (twice in verse);
נָבִיא of genuine prophets (besides phrases), in Judaic prophets, only Jeremiah,
Jeremiah 1:5; Ezekiel,
Ezekiel 2:5 =
Ezekiel 33:33; of ancient prophets
Jeremiah 28:8,
9 (
3 times in verse);
Zechariah 1:6;
Zechariah 8:9; especially
הנביאים הראשׁנים Zechariah 1:4;
Zechariah 7:7,
12, compare
הנביאים עבדי(וׅ my (
his)
servants the prophets 2 Kings 9:7;
2 Kings 17:13,
23;
2 Kings 21:10;
2 Kings 24:2 (all R
D)
Ezra 9:11;
Jeremiah 7:25;
Jeremiah 25:4;
Jeremiah 26:5;
Jeremiah 29:19;
Jeremiah 35:15;
Jeremiah 44:4;
Amos 3:7;
Zechariah 1:6, compare
Ezekiel 38:17;
Daniel 9:6;
עבדוֺ הַנּ׳ his servant the prophet 1 Kings 14:18;
2 Kings 14:25;
הַנָּבִיא with proper name: Jerome,
2 Chronicles 36:12;
Daniel 9:2 +
31 times Jeremiah (but

only +
4 times, the rest probably redactional, see Gie
Jer. xxvii); Elijah
1 Kings 18:36 (om

),
2 Chronicles 21:12; Malachi 3:23; Nathan
2 Samuel 7:2 +
10 times Samuel and Kings; +
4 times Chronicles;
Psalm 51:2 (title); Isaiah,
2 Kings 19:2;
2 Kings 20:1,
14 =
Isaiah 37:2;
Isaiah 38:1;
Isaiah 39:1;
2 Kings 20:11;
2 Chronicles 26:22;
32:20,
32; Habakkuk
Habakkuk 1:1;
Habakkuk 3:1 (titles); Haggai,
Haggai 1:1,
3,
12;
Haggai 2:1,
10; Zechariah,
Zechariah 1:1,
7 (titles); elsewhere several others in Samuel, Kings and Chronicles +
15 times;
נביא is used elsewhere of Genuine prophecy only
1 Samuel 9:9 +
34 times Samuel and Kings;
1 Chronicles 16:22 =
Psalm 105:15, +
13 times Chronicles;
Psalm 74:9 complains of absence of
נ׳;
לַחְתֹּם חָזוֺן וְנָבִיא Daniel 9:24 see
חתם
2. false prophets: prophets as official class, beside priests, character as false prophets:
Isaiah 28:7;
Jeremiah 2:26;
Jeremiah 4:9;
Jeremiah 6:13;
Jeremiah 8:1,
10;
Jeremiah 13:13;
Jeremiah 14:18;
Jeremiah 18:18;
Jeremiah 23:11,
33,
34;
Jeremiah 26:7,
8,
11,
16;
Jeremiah 32:32;
Zechariah 7:3, app. also
2 Kings 23:2;
Nehemiah 9:32;
Lamentations 2:20;
Jeremiah 29:1;
Ezekiel 7:26 (in these not characterized); always false (except of ancient and special prophets given above) in
Amos 7:14;
Hosea 4:5;
Hosea 9:7,
8;
Micah 3:5,
6,
11;
Isaiah 3:2;
Isaiah 9:14;
Isaiah 29:10;
Jeremiah 2:8,
30;
Jeremiah 5:13,
31;
Jeremiah 14:13,
14,
15 (twice in verse);
Jeremiah 23:9 +
16 times Jeremiah 27:9,
14,
15,
16,
18;
Jeremiah 29:8,
15;
Jeremiah 37:19;
Ezekiel 13:2 (twice in verse);
Ezekiel 13:3,
4,
9,
16;
Ezekiel 14:4,
7,
9 (twice in verse);
Ezekiel 14:10;
Ezekiel 22:25,
28;
Zephaniah 3:4;
Lamentations 2:9,
14;
Lamentations 4:13; especially discredited
Deuteronomy 13:2;
Deuteronomy 13:4;
Deuteronomy 13:6;
Deuteronomy 18:20 (twice in verse);
Deuteronomy 18:22 (twice in verse);
Zechariah 13:2,
4,
5; such a prophet Hananiah called
הַנָּבִיא Jeremiah 28:1,
5,
10,
12,
15,
17 (

omits in all but
Jeremiah 28:1, where
ψευδοπροφήτης). Usage of prophets themselves gives such a bad flavour to
נביא, that we are not surprised that it is absent from exilic Isaiah, the Wisdom Literature, and Psalms (except for special reasons in 3 Psalms given under
1).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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