רִאשׁוֺן 182 adjective former, first, chief (
i heightened from original
a, see √); — absolute
ר׳ Hosea 2:19 +,
שֹׁן-
Exodus 12:15 +,
רִישׁוֺן Job 8:8, construct
רִאשׁוֺן Job 15:7 Qr (Kt
ראישון and so always Manuscript Sam. Pentateuch, see Kö
ii. 1, 225 n); feminine
רִאשֹׁנָה Judges 20:37 + (
Joshua 21:10 Kt
ראישנה see above);
masculine plural רִאשֹׁנִים Exodus 34:1 +, feminine plural
רִאשֹׁנוֺת Isaiah 41:22 +, etc.; —
1. former:
a. in time,
former of two
Genesis 25:25 (J),
Genesis 41:20 (E),
Deuteronomy 10:1,
2,
3,
4,
10;
Deuteronomy 24:4, compare
Hosea 2:9;
Leviticus 4:21;
Leviticus 9:15 (both P),
Judges 20:39;
2 Kings 1:14;
Haggai 2:3,
9;
Ezra 3:12 +; more generally
former, previous,
Numbers 21:26 (JE),
Micah 4:8;
2 Kings 17:34,
40;
Zechariah 1:4;
Zechariah 7:7,
12;
Zechariah 8:11;
Nehemiah 5:15; Eccl 17:10;
Psalm 79:8 +;
כָּעֵת הָ ר׳ Isaiah 8:23;
דִּבְרֵי דויד הָ ר׳ 1 Chronicles 29:29 the doings of David, the former and the latter (
הָאַחֲדֹנִים), compare
2 Chronicles 9:29;
12:15;
16:11;
20:34;
25:26;
26:22;
28:26;
35:27;
early days of harvest
2 Samuel 21:9;
רִאשֹׁנִים as substantive,
former persons, ancestors, men of old,
Deuteronomy 19:14;
Leviticus 26:45 (H),
Ecclesiastes 1:11 (opposed to
אַחֲרֹנִים);
(תָ)רִאשֹׁנוֺת as substantive the
former things, i.e. past events
Isaiah 41:22;
Isaiah 43:9,
18;
Isaiah 46:9;
Isaiah 48:3, earlier predictions
Isaiah 42:9.
2. first:
a. in time,
הַמַּכָּה הָ ר׳ 1 Samuel 14:14 the first slaughter (preliminary to general carnage);
וְלֹאהָֿיָה דְּבָרִי ר׳ 2 Samuel 19:44
was not my word first? ר׳ in apposition with person subject
2 Samuel 19:21 I am come
as first, compare perhaps
Isaiah 41:27 (insert
אָמַרְתִּי Ges De < read
הִגַּדְתִּים for
הִנֵּה הִנָּם Che
Hpt Kit Di), and
הָ ר׳ Jeremiah 50:17 (opposed to
הָאַחֲרוֺן),
Isaiah 43:27;
ר׳ absolute,
first of mankind
Job 15:17; absolute of
י׳,
I (an the)
first Isaiah 41:4 (+
אֶתֿ אַחֲדֹנִים), +
אַחְרוֺן Isaiah 44:6;
Isaiah 48:12; absolute of time,
מֵרִאשׁוֺן Jeremiah 17:12 from the beginning; especially
first of a def. series (sometimes opposed to
אַחֲרוֺן).
first day of feast
Deuteronomy 16:4;
Exodus 12:15 (twice in verse);
Exodus 12:16 +
5 times P (H),
Nehemiah 8:18, usually
first month (
חֹרֶשׁ)
Exodus 40:2,
17;
Leviticus 23:5 +
6 times P,
1 Chronicles 12:16 (van d. H.
1 Chronicles 12:15) +
10 times Chronicles, Ezra,
Esther 3:7;
Daniel 10:4,
חֹדֶשׁ omitted
Genesis 8:13;
Exodus 12:2,
18;
Numbers 9:5 (all P)
Ezekiel 29:17;
Ezekiel 30:20;
Ezekiel 45:18,
21, so
Joel 2:23, but read
כָּרִאשׁוֺנָה (
3a)

We Now and Dr.
3.
a. feminine with preposition as adverb phrase:
(1) of time,
בָּרִאשֹׁנָה Genesis 13:4 (J), =
before, formerly, so
Joshua 8:5,
6 (JE),
2 Samuel 7:10;
2 Samuel 20:18;
Jeremiah 7:12;
Isaiah 52:4,
לָר׳ =
before, formerly,
Genesis 28:19 (J),
Judges 18:29; so
כְּבָר׳ as formerly Judges 20:32;
1 Kings 13:6;
Isaiah 1:26;
Jeremiah 33:7,
11, =
כָּ ר׳ Deuteronomy 9:15;
Daniel 11:29 (opposed to
כָּאַחֲרוֺנָה);
בָּר =
at first, first of all,
Deuteronomy 13:10;
Deuteronomy 17:7;
Numbers 10:13 (P)
Joshua 8:33 (D),
1 Kings 17:13;
1 Kings 20:9;
Zechariah 12:7;
Proverbs 20:21 (opposed to
אַחֲרִיתָהּ),
1 Chronicles 11:6 (twice in verse);
1 Chronicles 17:9;
Nehemiah 7:5;
לְמַבָּרִאשׁוֺנָה 1 Chronicles 15:13 (=
לְמַהבָּֿר׳)
for what was at first, etc. (
מָךְ 1e);
b. רִאשֹׁנָה alone as adverb:
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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