שָׁאַל 170 verb ask, inquire (Late Hebrew
id.; Assyrian
ša’âlu, Arabic
, Ethiopic
Sabean
מסאל request petition, Hom
Chrest. 124 Levy-Os
ZMG xix(1865), 165; Aramaic
,
שְׁאֵיל; Old Aramaic Zinjirli
שאל Ldzb
371, Nabataean Hiph.
lend Id
ib.; — on
שׁ׳ compare Jastr
JBL xix (1900), 82 ff.); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singularשׁ׳ Judges 5:25 +,
שָׁאָ֑ל Judges 8:26 +
2 times; consecutive
וְשָׁ֫אַל לוֺ Numbers 27:21; suffix
וּשְׁאֵלְךָ consecutive
Genesis 32:18 (Ges
§ 64 f),
וּשְׁאֵלֵךְ consecutive
Judges 4:20;
1st person singular suffix
שְׁאִלְתִּיו 1 Samuel 1:20,
שְׁאִלְתִּיהוּ Judges 13:16;
3rd person plural suffix
שְׁאֵלוּנוּ Psalm 137:3;
2nd person masculine plural שְׁאֶלְתֶּם 1 Samuel 12:13 (strike out
Th We Dr and most),
Job 21:29,
וּשְׁאֶלָתֶּםֿ consecutive
1 Samuel 25:5, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁאַל Exodus 22:13 +,etc.;
Imperative שְׁאַל Isaiah 7:11 +,
שְׁאָלוּנִי Isaiah 45:11 (<
תִּשְׁאְֵלוּנִי Weir Che and others), etc.;
Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל Genesis 43:7 +; construct
לִשְׁאֹל Judges 1:14 +, etc.;
Participle active שֹׁאֵל 2 Samuel 3:13 +,
feminine singular שֹׁאֶלֶת 1 Kings 2:20,
22,
masculine plural הַשֹּׁאֲלִים 1 Samuel 8:10;
passive שָׁאוּל 1 Samuel 1:28;
2 Kings 6:5; —
1.
b. specifically
ask as a favour, for temporary use, i.e.
borrow (compare
לָוָה, as matter of business, see Bu
1 Samuel 1:28),
Exodus 22:13 (E; accusative of thing +
מֵעִם person),
2 Kings 4:3 (accusative of thing +
מִן of source +
ל person reflexive),
2 Kings 6:5 (passive participle absolute); so also (according to many), with accusative of thing
Exodus 3:22 (+
מִן person),
Exodus 11:2;
Exodus 12:35 (both +
מֵאֵת person; all E), — it is, however, not clear that there was any pretext of mere temporary use; passive participle
שָׁאוּל לי׳ 1 Samuel 1:28 (
lent, granted,)
made over to י׳ (in effect passive of Hiph., which see).
2.
a. inquire of, with accusative of person +
לֵאמֹר before inquiry
Genesis 32:18 (E),
Genesis 44:19 (J) +; with
וְאָמַר Judges 4:20,
וַיּאִמֶר, etc.,
Genesis 24:47(J),
Jeremiah 37:13; followed by
וְאָמַר without accusative of person
Genesis 32:30 (J), compare
1 Samuel 19:22, followed by
לֵאמֹר Joshua 4:6 (JE); with accusative of person +
עַל of thing
Nehemiah 1:2;
עַל of thing alone,
Ecclesiastes 7:10 (+
מֵחָכְמָה, i. e. prompted by wisdom); with accusative of person + of thing (about which)
2 Samuel 14:18;
Isaiah 45:11 +
4 times; accusative of person + indirect question
Judges 13:6; with accusative of person only,
Judges 8:14;
1 Samuel 25:8;
Deuteronomy 32:7 +,
inquire of beasts (accusative)
Job 12:7; with accusative of thing only,
Jeremiah 50:5; with
ל person =
accusative 2 Kings 8:6 (Kö
Synt. § 289 h); with
ל of thing about which
Genesis 26:7 (J),
Genesis 32:30 (J),
Judges 13:18;
2 Samuel 11:7;
Jeremiah 6:16;
Job 8:8, also (+
לאמר before the inquiry)
Genesis 43:7 (J), and (followed by direct question)
Deuteronomy 4:32; with
ל person about whom,
Genesis 43:27 (J), compare phrase of greeting,
אִישׁ לְרֵעֵהוּ לְשָׁלוֺם שׁ׳ Exodus 18:7 (E)
ask each for (or about)
his fellow as to welfare, compare
Judges 18:15;
1 Samuel 10:4;
1 Samuel 17:22;
1 Samuel 25:5;
1 Samuel 30:21 [read
וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ לוֺ 
We Dr HPS Bu]
2 Samuel 8:10;
Jeremiah 15:5;
1 Chronicles 18:10; followed by direct question only,
1 Samuel 17:56;
Jeremiah 18:13 (with
ב location), followed by indirect question only (with
אִם)
Jeremiah 30:6;
אֶת־פִּי שׁ'פ׳ Genesis 24:57(J); absolute
make inquiry Deuteronomy 13:15 (+
דָּרַשׁ,
חָקַר).
†b. inquire of, consult, deity, oracle, etc. (Jastr
JBL xix (1900) 88 ff.), followed by accusative
י'פִּי Joshua 9:14 (JE),
Isaiah 30:2 י׳ Isaiah 65:1 (||
בִּקֵּשׁ); elsewhere in Hexateuch only (accusative omitted),
Numbers 27:21 (P; with
ל person for whom, +
ב instrumental), compare
Joshua 19:50; also
אוֺב שׁ׳ Deuteronomy 18:11 (participle as substantive; Jäger
BAS ii. 292 compare Assyrian
maššaku ša šâ’ili, i.e.
skin-vessel of the oracle-seeker, compare Jastr
JBL xix (1900), 96 ff.); with accusative of human agent
1 Samuel 28:16;
Jeremiah 38:14,
27; usually (ancient usage, chiefly Judges, Samuel)
לֵאמֹר בי׳ שׁ׳ (
בְּ perhaps originally local, so GFM, or instrumental),
Judges 1:1;
Judges 20:23;
1 Samuel 23:2;
1 Samuel 30:8;
2 Samuel 2:1;
2 Samuel 5:19 =
1 Chronicles 14:10;
לֵאמֹר omitted
1 Samuel 10:22 (followed by direct question),
1 Samuel 22:10 (
ל person for whom),
1 Samuel 23:4;
1 Samuel 28:6;
2 Samuel 5:23 =
1 Chronicles 14:14;
Judges 20:27;
בֵּאלֹהִים שׁ׳ Judges 18:5;
Judges 20:18;
1 Samuel 14:37; (followed by direct question), also (
ל person for whom),
1 Samuel 22:13,
15;
שׁ׳ בִּדְבַר הָא׳ 2 Samuel 16:23; likewise
בְּעֵצוֺ שׁ׳ Hosea 4:12 (i.e. his idol),
בַּתְּרָפִים Ezekiel 21:26,
בָּאוֺב 1 Chronicles 10:13; perhaps =
receive as oracle Deuteronomy 18:16 (
מֵעִם י׳, Jastr
l.c.
†
Niph. ask for oneself (Ges
§ 51 e), specifically
ask leave of absence, with
מִן person:
Perfect 3rd person masculine singular +
Infinitive absolute נִשְׁאֹל נִשְׁאַל 1 Samuel 20:6 (followed by infinitive),
1 Samuel 20:28 (followed by
עַד; ? insert
ל infinitive HPS);
Perfect 1st person singular נִשְׁאַלְתִּי מִןהַֿמֶּלֶךְ Nehemiah 13:6 (absolute).
Pi.
1. inquire carefully: Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural +
Qal Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל יְשָֽׁאֲלוּ 2 Samuel 20:18 (Bu proposes
Qal Imperfect יִשְׁאֲלוּ), with
ב location; on following context see We Dr HPS Bu.
2. beg, practise beggary,,
Perfect 3rd person plural וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ (consecutive)
Psalm 109:10.
Hiph. (properly
let one
ask [successfully],
give, or
lend, on request, then)
grant, make over to (as a favour, with or without request):
Perfect 1st person singular suffix
הִשְׁאִלְתִּהוּ לי׳ 1 Samuel 1:28 I have made him over to י׳ (compare Dr HPS Bu and
Qal Passive participle, ib.); perhaps also read
3rd person feminine singular הִשְׁאִילָה לי׳ 1 Samuel 2:20 (whom)
she hath made over to י׳ (for
שָׁאַל לי׳) Bu HPS (after
. in part; other conjectures in Dr);
Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural suffix of thing
וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם Exodus 12:36 (E)
and they handed them over.
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H7593.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com
BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs
Verse-Reference
Square — [Jhn 1:1 KJV]
Abbreviate Books
Use SBL Abbrev.
