שָׁכַב (Lag
BN 63)
verb lie down (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew;
שכב Ecclus 47:23 (in death),
משכב bed Ecclesiasticus 40:5; Ecclesiasticus 47:20d, =
death bed Ecclesiasticus 46:19; Phoenician
שכב,
משכב (see
מ׳ 1 below), Lzb
375; Ethiopic
lie, Aramaic
שְׁכַב,

; Nabataean
משכבא couch; Arabic

only
pour out (water, tears),
be poured out (compare
Hiph. below, and Lag
BN 63)); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁ׳ Genesis 26:10 +, etc.;
Imperfect יִשְׁכַּב Genesis 30:15 +,
3rd person masculine plural יִשְׁכְּבֻן 1 Samuel 2:22,
יִשְׁכָּב֑וּן Joshua 2:8;
Job 30:17, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
שְׁכַב 2 Samuel 13:5;
Ezekiel 4:4,
שִׁכְבָה Genesis 39:7,
12, etc.;
Infinitive absolute שָׁכֹב Leviticus 15:24;
construct שְׁכַב 1 Kings 1:21 +, suffix
שָׁכְבוֺ Ruth 3:4,
שִׁכְבָהּ Genesis 19:33,
35,
שָׁכְבְּךָ Deuteronomy 6:7 +
2 times;
Participle שֹׁכֵב Genesis 28:13 +, feminine
שֹׁכֶ֫בֶת Micah 7:5;
Ruth 3:8, etc.; —
1. lie down (sometimes opposed to קוּם, הֵקִיץ):
b. to sleep,
Genesis 19:4 (J),
Genesis 28:11 (E),
1 Samuel 3:5;
Deuteronomy 7:7;
Proverbs 6:22 + often; read
וַיִּשְׁכַּב also (for
וַיַּשְׁכֵּם)
1 Samuel 9:26 
Th We Dr and modern;
שׁ׳ +
יָשֵׁן sleep 1 Kings 19:5;
Psalm 3:6; Psalm 4:9, compare
Proverbs 3:24 (twice in verse), +
נִרְדָּם Jonah 1:5; =
be lying 1 Samuel 3:2,
3;
1 Samuel 26:5 (all
בְּ local),
1 Samuel 26:7;
1 Samuel 4:5 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb noon-repose),
2 Samuel 13:8, compare
שֹׁכֵב בְּלֶביָֿם Proverbs 23:34, of two lying (together, for warmth)
Ecclesiastes 4:11; + be sleeping
1 Samuel 26:7 =
keep lying, with
עַד Judges 16:3;
1 Samuel 3:15;
Ruth 3:13;
Proverbs 6:9; emphasis on
resting,
Leviticus 26:6 (H),
Job 11:18; token of mourning,
וְשָׁכַב אָ֑רְצָה (
וְלָן)
2 Samuel 12:16, compare
2 Samuel 13:21,
בַּשָּׂק שׁ׳ 1 Kings 21:27,
בֵּין שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם שׁ׳ Psalm 68:14 (of indolence?); figurative of prostration by disease
Psalm 41:9; among foes
Psalm 57:5; of humiliation
Jeremiah 3:25; with
עַל of thing: land
Genesis 28:13 (J), usually bed
2 Samuel 13:5;
1 Kings 21:4;
Leviticus 15:4,
24,
26, compare
Leviticus 15:20, for midday repose
2 Samuel 4:7.
3..of sexual relations,
lie with: subject man, with
עִם Genesis 30:15,
16;
Genesis 39:7,
12,
14 (J),
Exodus 22:13 (E),
Deuteronomy 22:22 +
8 times Deuteronomy;
2 Samuel 11:4,
11;
2 Samuel 12:11,
24;
Leviticus 15:33; with
אֶת feminine
with (MT
אֹתָהּ, etc., originally
אִתָּהּ, etc., see Dr
2 Samuel 13:14 and II. אֵת, above),
Genesis 26:10;
Genesis 34:2,
7;
Genesis 35:22 (all J),
1 Samuel 2:22 (omitted by

and modern),
2 Samuel 13:14;
Ezekiel 23:8 (figurative),
Leviticus 15:24 (
שָׁכֹב יִשְׁכַּב),
Numbers 5:19, also (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb
שִׁכְבַתזֶֿרַע)
Numbers 5:13;
Leviticus 15:18;
Leviticus 19:20; with accusative (suffix) feminine
Deuteronomy 28:30 Kt (see [
שָׁגֵל]); with
אֵצֶל feminine
Genesis 39:10 (J); with
אֵת of a man (sodomy),
Leviticus 18:22;
Leviticus 20:13 (both H; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb
מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁה); with
עִםבְּֿהֵמָה Deuteronomy 27:21;
Leviticus 22:18 (H); subject woman, with
עִם of a man
Genesis 19:32,
34,
35 (J)
2 Samuel 13:11;
אֵת of a man
Genesis 19:33,
34 (compare
1e above).
4.
†
Niph. Pu. =
be lain with (sexually; subject woman), only as Qr for Kt [
שָׁגֵל]
Niph. Pu. which see.
†
Hiph. lay, Perfect 3rd person feminine singular הִשְׁכִּיבָה with accusative puer. +
בְּחֵיק 1 Kings 3:20, so
Imperfect 3rd person feminine singular suffix
וַתַּשְׁכִּיבֵהוּ 1 Kings 3:20, compare (
עַלמִֿטָּה)
1 Kings 17:19;
2 Kings 4:21;
Infinitive absolute הַשְׁכֵּב אוֺתָם אַ֫רְצָה 2 Samuel 8:2 making them lie down on ground; Imperfect also
lay בַּמִּשְׁכָּב 2 Chronicles 16:14 (of burial);
נִבְלֵי שָׁמַיִם מִי יַשְׁכִּיב Job 38:37 i.e. tip them so that contents may flow out (compare Arabic

above).
†
Hoph. Participle מֻשְׁכָּב 2 Kings 4:32 laid עַלמִֿטָּה;
Perfect consecutive
וְהֻשְׁכַּב Ezekiel 32:32 shall be laid (in death), with
בְּתוֺךְ and
אֵת person (
with); so
Imperative masculine singular
הָשְׁכְּבָה Ezekiel 32:19 (with
אֵת person only).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com
BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs