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The Blue Letter Bible
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The Bible Says
出埃及记 30:34-38 含义

耶和华吩咐摩西的下一件事是如何制作帐幕所烧的香。祂告诉摩西要取馨香的香料,就是拿他弗、施喜列、喜利比拿;这馨香的香料和净乳香。这三种香料,拿他弗、施喜列、喜利比拿比较难识别。拿他弗 (希伯来文 "natap" ) 可以指 "滴",暗示它是一种从树或植物中渗出的树脂。施喜列 (希伯来文 "shekheleth",在旧约中只用于这里)被有些人认为是海洋生物 (如软体动物) 的排泄物。喜利比拿 (希伯来文"khelbenah",在旧约中也是只用于这里) 被认为是一种从不明源头而来的树脂。

香要用这三种香料,按一般大的分量制作。这三种香料和净乳香混合,燃烧时可以产生非常强烈,可能刺鼻的香味。因此,要用这些香料做香。它是按做香之法做成的香。这香也要加上盐(其动词形式只用于这里和其它两处经文,利未记 2:13 和以西结书 16:4),成为清净圣洁的。

为了准备使用的香,摩西得到指示要取点捣得极细。然后,他要放在会幕内、法前,我要在那里与你相会。在与耶和华相会的地方使用,意味着它要被视为至圣

与上一部分做膏油一样,香的制作和使用带有警告。你们不可按这调和之法 (即配方) 为自己做香。百姓可能会为自己做香,但他们被禁止使用这一配方。原因是耶和华宣称,要以这香为圣,归耶和华。与膏油一样,耶和华警告说凡做香和这香一样,为要闻香味的,这人要从民中剪除。使用这一配方制作香 (暗示日常使用) 会导致从民中剪除,死亡或逐出社区。

香和膏油的用法告诉我们君主神 (统治者) 圣洁的本性。会幕要有健康、宜人、独特的香味,清楚地显明耶和华的独特和圣洁。这样的特质要求附庸 (以色列) 知道如何敬拜君主 (耶和华),以经历祂圣洁的同在。神设立了清楚的指示,因此他们可以安全照做,不至死亡。但是,神也清楚地表明,如果他们不顺服神的指示,会有严重的后果。

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