I. שֵׁם 864 noun masculine 2 Samuel 7:9 name (√ unknown; Thes
שׁמה, compare Ba
ZMG xli (1887), 635; Lag
BN 160 ושׁם, Arabic
brand, mark, compare RS
K 213, 303 ff. Kö
ii. 1. 104; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew (especially
הַשֵּׁם =
יהוה); Phoenician
שם Lzb
377; Assyrian
šumu; Sabean
סם Hom
Chr 124; Ethiopic
Arabic
,
,
,
; Aramaic
שֵׁם,
שְׁמָא, also
שׁוּם,
שֻׁם (Kö
ii. 1. 512),
,
, Old Aramaic, Palmyrene
שם Lzb
377); — absolute
שׁ׳ Genesis 6:4 +; construct
שׁ׳ Genesis 12:8 +, rarely
שֶׁםֿ 1 Samuel 8:2 +; suffix
שְׁמִי Exodus 3:15 +,
שִׁמְךָ Genesis 32:9 +,
שְׁמֶ֑ךָ 1 Kings 18:31 +, etc.; plural
שֵׁמוֺת (rarely
שֵׁמֹת)
Genesis 2:20 +; construct
שְׁמוֺת Exodus 6:16 +, suffix
שְׁמוֺתָם Numbers 13:4 +,
שְׁמוֺתָן Ezekiel 23:4 (twice in verse); —
name:
2.
a. usually of person:
Genesis 4:17,
19 (twice in verse) (J) +; as significant
1 Samuel 25:25, compare
Proverbs 21:24; especially in phrase
וַיְהִי אִישׁ ֗֗֗ וּשְׁמוֺ אֶלְקָנָה 1 Samuel 1:1, compare
1 Samuel 9:1,
2,
Jeremiah 37:13 +
28 times; less often as
גָּלְיָת שְׁמוֺ 1 Samuel 17:4, compare
Zechariah 6:12 +
5 times (compare in Assyrian Krae
BAS i. 430); frequently with
קָרָא (which see
6, and
Niph. 2, Pu.; note here,
עַל נִקְרָא שׁ׳ in token of ownership
2 Samuel 12:28 (see Dr),
Isaiah 4:1); rarely,
שִׂים אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Judges 8:31, compare
2 Kings 17:34;
Nehemiah 9:7;
וַיָּ֫שֶׂם לָהֶם שׁ׳ Daniel 1:7; with
יֵאָמֵר Genesis 32:29 (J); change of name is without verb, as
Genesis 17:15 (P), or (usually) with
יִהְיֶה Genesis 35:10 (P)
Israel shall be thy name. compare
Genesis 17:5;
1 Kings 18:31;
1 Chronicles 22:9, also
וַיַסֵּב אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ יְהו׳ 2 Kings 23:34 2 Chronicles 36:4, compare
2 Kings 24:17, and (suj.
י׳)
עוֺלָם אֶתֶּןלֿוֺ שׁ׳ Isaiah 56:5;
מַהשְּֿׁמֶ֑ךָ Genesis 32:28, compare
Exodus 3:13;
Proverbs 30:4,
מִית שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Judges 13:17;
be explicitly mentioned is:
וְכֻלָּם בְּשֵׁמוֺת Ezra 10:16,
נִקְּבוּ בְשׁ׳ Numbers 1:17;
1 Chronicles 16:41;
2 Chronicles 28:15;
31:10;
Ezra 8:20,
הַבָּאִים בְּשׁ׳ 1 Chronicles 4:38,
וַיָבזֹם בְּשׁ׳ 1 Chronicles 4:41; of things,
וּבְשֵׁמוֺת תִּקְדוּ Numbers 4:32 (P), +
Numbers 4:27 (read
בְּשֵׁמֹת 
Di Baen Gray);
יְדַעְתִּיךָ בְּשֵׁם Exodus 33:12 (subject
י׳), i.e. acknowledge thee, personally (as mine), compare
Exodus 33:17 (both J);
פ׳ בְּשׁ׳ as the representative of 1 Samuel 25:5,
9;
1 Kings 21:8;
Jeremiah 29:25;
Esther 2:22;
Esther 3:12;
Esther 8:8 (twice in verse);
Esther 8:10 (compare also
3).
b. = reputation;
(1) וַאֲגַדְּלָה שְׁמֶ֫ךָ Genesis 12:2 (J),
גָּדוֺל כְּשֵׁם הַגְּדֹלִים אֲשֶׁר וְעָשִׂתִי לִךָ שׁ׳ בָּאָרֶץ 2 Samuel 7:9;
make oneself a name וְנַעֲשֶׂח לָנוּ שׁ׳ Genesis 11:4 (J),
וַיַּעַשׂ לוֺ שׁ׳ 2 Samuel 8:13, of
י׳ Jeremiah 32:20, hence
Nehemiah 9:10;
Daniel 9:15;
Isaiah 63:12,
14, so with
שׂוּם 2 Samuel 7:23 =
1 Chronicles 17:21;
וַיֵּצֵא לָךְ שֵׁם בְּ׳ Ezekiel 16:14 (compare
1 Chronicles 14:17),
2 Chronicles 26:15 עַדלְֿמֵרָחוֺק,
2 Chronicles 26:8 וַיֵּלֶךְ שְׁמוֺ עַדלְֿ׳;
2 Samuel 23:18,
22; =
fame, glory,
Zephaniah 3:19,
20;
Ezekiel 39:13. —
Ezekiel 34:29 read perhaps
שָׁלֹם Siegf Be Toy; Co
שָׁלֵם; Krae conjecture
שָׁמֵן;
אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּׁם Genesis 6:4 (J),
Numbers 16:2 (J),
אַנְשֵׁי שֵׁמוֺת 1 Chronicles 5:24;
1 Chronicles 12:31 (van d. H.
1 Chronicles 12:30); with negative
בְּנֵי בְלִישֵֿׁ Job 30:3;
c. especially as giving a man kind of posthumous life, especially in his sons,
אֵיןלִֿי בֵן בֵּעֲבוּר הַזְכֵּיר שְׁמִי 2 Samuel 18:18,
לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם בְּ׳ Deuteronomy 25:7, compare
Deuteronomy 25:6;
Ruth 4:5,
10, without whom it is blotted out, etc.,
Deuteronomy 25:6, compare
Numbers 27:4 (P),
Ruth 4:10, so that to destroy one's name = extirpate family (and
שֵׁם sometimes Is ||
צֶרַע)
1 Samuel 24:22 (Gi
1 Samuel 24:21),
2 Samuel 14:7 (||
שְׁאֵרִית), so of peoples
Deuteronomy 7:24;
Deuteronomy 9:14;
Deuteronomy 12:3;
Isaiah 14:22 +;
לאֹ יִוָּרַע מִשִּׁמְךָ עוֺד Nahum 1:14 (of Nineveh);
כֵּן יַעֲמֹד זַרְעֲכֶם וְשִׁמְכֶם Isaiah 66:22; more abstract (||
זֵכֶר)
Job 18:17;
Proverbs 10:7.
3. name, as designation of God, specifically of
י׳ (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Isa
2,3, Psalms): — first (in Hexateuch) in phrase
י׳ בְּשׁ׳ ק׳ Genesis 4:26 (J),
call with, i.e. use the name
י׳ in worship, so
Genesis 12:8;
Genesis 13:4;
Genesis 21:33;
Genesis 26:35 + (see
קרא 2c); hence, of place of worship,
בְּכָלהַֿמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר אַוְּכִּיר מאתשְֿׁמִי שָׁם Exodus 20:24 (Gi
Exodus 20:21);
אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ שָׁם [
לְשַׁכֵּן]
לָשׂוּם Deuteronomy 12:5,
11 +;
בָּנָה בַּיִת לִשְׁמִי 2 Samuel 7:13 + often; people come
י׳ לְשׁ׳ Joshua 9:9 (R
D), so
לְמֵעַן שׁ׳ 1 Kings 8:41 2 Chronicles 6:32;
Isaiah 60:9; seek it
Psalm 83:17;
swear with י׳ בְּשׁ׳ 1 Samuel 20:42;
Deuteronomy 6:13;
Deuteronomy 10:20;
Leviticus 19:12, compare (
לַשָּׁוְא)
Exodus 20:7 (twice in verse)=
Deuteronomy 5:11 (twice in verse);
י׳ תָּפַשׁ׳ Proverbs 30:9;
נִקְרָא שְׁמִיעַלֿ, etc., in token of ownership (compare
2a),
Jeremiah 7:10 +; = his reputation, fame, with
עָשָׁה לוֺ, see
1b (1), compare
Joshua 7:9;
י׳ בְּשׁ׳, i.e. as his representative
Exodus 5:23 (J),
1 Samuel 17:45;
Deuteronomy 10:8;
2 Samuel 6:18;
2 Kings 2:24 + (see
2a near the end); especially as embodying the (revealed) character of
י׳ :
שְׁמוֺ י׳ Amos 5:8;
Amos 9:6;
Jeremiah 33:2,
וֶה שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם Exodus 3:15 (E; ||
זֵכֶר; fundamental passage),
Exodus 6:3 (P);
) עְבָאוֺת שְׁמוֺ (א׳ י׳ Amos 4:13;
Amos 5:27;
Jeremiah 10:16;
Jeremiah 46:18 +
10 times Jeremiah, Isa
2,
קַנָּא שְׁמוֺ י׳ Exodus 34:14 (J; compare
Exodus 20:5;
Nahum 1:2),
קָדוֺשׁ שׁ׳ Isaiah 57:15,
שׁ׳ [
וֺ]
קָדְשִׁי Amos 2:7;
Ezekiel 39:7;
Ezekiel 43:7;
Psalm 103:1 + often; hence object of knowledge
Isaiah 52:6;
Jeremiah 48:17,
יֹדְעֵי שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Psalm 9:11 (||
דֹּרְשֶׁיךָ), love
Isaiah 56:5,
אֹהֲבֵי שׁ׳ Psalm 5:12; Psalm 69:37;
Psalm 119:132, fear
Psalm 61:6, especially of praise, etc. (
חִלֵּל,
הִןכִּיר,
הוֺדָה,
בֵּרַח, etc.):
לְשִׁמְךָ אֲוַמֵּר 2 Samuel 22:50 (||
אוֺדְךָ and so very often ||
י׳) =
Psalm 18:50, compare
1 Chronicles 16:10;
1 Chronicles 29:13; Psalm 45:18;
Isaiah 26:13;
1 Kings 8:33,
35 2 Chronicles 6:24,
26;
Psalm 8:2; Psalm 8:10 +;
כְּבוֺד שְׁמוֺ חָבוּלי׳ Psalm 29:2;
Psalm 96:8, and many combinations; opposed to
א׳ חִלֵּל אֶתשֿׁ׳ Leviticus 18:21 +,
י׳ נקב שׁ׳ Leviticus 24:16,
נִאֵץ שׁ׳ Psalm 74:10;
Psalm 74:18, etc.;
הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֺרָא הַשּׁ׳ Deuteronomy 28:58, compare
Nehemiah 1:11;
לְמַעַן שִׁמְךָ, in appeals to
י׳ to act according to his character
Jeremiah 14:7,
21;
Ezekiel 20:9,
14;
Isaiah 48:9;
Isaiah 66:5;
Psalm 25:11;
Psalm 31:4 +;
י׳ שׁ׳ is powerful agent,
בְּשִׁמְךָ הוֺשִׁיעֵנִי Psalm 54:3 (||
בִּגְבוּרָֽתְךָ), compare
Psalm 124:8; of
מַלְאַךָ י׳,
י׳ says
שְׁמִי בְּקִרְבּוֺ Exodus 23:21 (E);
הַשֵּׁם Leviticus 24:11 is probably scribal substitution for word
י׳ (already beginning to be thought ineffable, especially with
וַיִקֹּב compare Gei
Urschr.273 f. Di Dr-Wh Baen); on development of this usage, and Jewish use of
הַשּׁ׳ as personified or hypostasis, see Levy
NHWB under the word Jastr
s. see —
קָרוֺב שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Psalm 75:2 is striking, but doubtful, <
Dy Che Gr Hup-Now
קֹרְאֵי שׁ׳, Du
קָרָנוּ בִשׁ׳ (=
קָרָאנוּ).
5. =
memorial, monument Isaiah 55:13 (||
אוֺת; so Che Du > =
fame Di-Kit),
יָד וָשֵׁם טוֺב מִבָּנִים וגו׳ Isaiah 56:5 (with word-play on
שׁ׳ 1c).
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H8036.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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