יָשַׁב 1090 verb sit, remain, dwell (Late Hebrew
id.; Aramaic
יְתֵיב,
; MI
10; 31 ישב,
18,19,
וישב,
113 ואשב,
dwell; Phoenician
ישב dwell; Zinjirli
ישב sit DHM
Sendsch. 58; Assyrian
ašâbu,
sit,
dwell, Dl
HWB 244; Arabic
leap, jump, Himyer. dialect
sit, Lane
2919; Ethiopic
II. 1
secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, compare
Hiph. 4) —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular יָשַׁב Genesis 13:12 +;
2nd person masculine singular יָשַׁבְתָּ Judges 5:16,
וְיָשַׁבְתָּה נָ֑הּ consecutive
Deuteronomy 17:14;
2nd person masculine plural יְשַׁבְתֶּם Deuteronomy 1:46;
Leviticus 18:3,
וִישַׁבְתֶּם consecutive
Leviticus 25:18 +
7 times, etc.;
Imperfect יֵשֵׁב 1 Samuel 5:7 +,
יֵשֶׁבֿ Genesis 44:33;
Ezekiel 44:3,
יֵ֫שֶׁב before monosyll.
1 Kings 7:8;
Job 22:8;
וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב Genesis 4:16 +;
וַיֵּשֶׁב֑ Ruth 4:1;
1st person singular אֵשֵׁב Judges 6:18 +,
וָאֵשֵׁב Deuteronomy 9:9 +
3 times +
Ezekiel 3:15b (but Co
אשׁר Kt);
אֵשְׁבָה 1 Samuel 27:5;
אֵשֵׁבָ֑ה Isaiah 49:20;
וָאֵשְׁבָה Ezekiel 9:3;
3rd person masculine plural יֵשְׁבוּ Genesis 47:4 +;
3rd person feminine plural תישׁבנה Ezekiel 35:9 Kt (i.e.
תֵּישַׁבְנָה Ol
§ 242 d Kö
i. 401), Qr
תָּשׁוֺבְנָה (√
שׁוב), Co proposes
תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה; 1st person plural
נֵשֵׁב Jeremiah 42:13,
14,
וַנֵּ֫שֶׁב Numbers 20:15 +
5 times;
Imperative masculine singular
שֵׁב Genesis 20:15 +,
שֶׁבֿ Genesis 35:1;
שְׁבָה Genesis 27:19 +; feminine singular
שְׁבִי Genesis 38:11 +;
masculine plural שְׁבוּ Genesis 22:5 +, etc.;
Infinitive absolute יָשֹׁבֿ 1 Samuel 20:5;
construct שֶׁ֫בֶת 1 Samuel 7:2 +;
שָׁ֑בֶת Isaiah 40:22 +; suffix
שִׁבְתִּי 2 Samuel 7:5 +, etc.;
Participle masculine
י(וֺ)שׁב Genesis 4:20;
Genesis 24:3 +, etc.; feminine
ישְׁבָה Nahum 3:8;
י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת Judges 4:5 +;
י(וֺ)שָׁ֑בֶת Joshua 2:5;
2 Kings 4:13;
ישַׁבְתְּ֯י Jeremiah 22:23,
י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת֯י Jeremiah 10:17;
Lamentations 4:21;
Ezekiel 27:3 (Kt preferable in all these, see Ol
§ 123 d Ges
§ 90. 3 a);
feminine plural ישְׁבוֺת 1 Samuel 27:8; —
1.
a. sit on (
עַל) a seat
1 Samuel 20:25, stone
Exodus 17:12, teraphim
Genesis 31:34, couch
Genesis 48:2 (all E),
Ezekiel 23:41, knees
2 Kings 4:20, throne
Exodus 11:5;
Exodus 12:29 (J),
Deuteronomy 17:18;
1 Samuel 1:9;
1 Samuel 4:13;
1 Kings 1:13,
17,
20 +, see absolute below; of
י׳,
הַיּשֵׁב עַלחֿוּג הָאֶרֶץ Isaiah 40:22; dust
Isaiah 47:1, ground (
אֶרֶץ)
Ezekiel 26:16, ashes
Jonah 3:6 (these in token of humiliation);
sit down by (
עַל) a well
Exodus 2:15 or pool
2 Samuel 2:13; with
אֶל 1 Samuel 28:23;
sit in (
ב) house, street, doorway, assembly, etc.
2 Samuel 7:1;
Judges 19:15;
Genesis 38:14 (J),
Jeremiah 15:17;
Jeremiah 26:10;
Psalm 1:1;
Songs 2:3 so
Ezekiel 31:6,
17 (figurative); of No of Amon (personified city)
הַיּשְׁבָה בַּיְאֹרִים Nahum 3:8 she who sate amid the rivers; with
לְ sit on to (pregnantly)
לָאָרֶץ Isaiah 3:26;
Isaiah 47:1;
Lamentations 2:10,
לְכִסֵּא Psalm 9:5,
at,
לְפֶתַח בית Proverbs 9:14,
לִימִינוֺ(יׅ 1 Kings 2:19;
Psalm 110:1;
לַמַּבּוּל Psalm 29:10; with
לִפְנֵי Genesis 43:33 (J), +
שָׁם Judges 20:26;
Judges 21:2;
2 Samuel 7:18 =
1 Chronicles 17:16; with
עִם 1 Samuel 20:5;
Proverbs 31:22; with
אֶתֿ Jeremiah 16:8;
Job 2:13; with
תַּחַת Judges 6:11;
Micah 4:4,
וַיֵּשֶׁב תַּחְתֶּיהָ בַּצֵּל Jonah 4:5; with
מִנֶּגֶד Genesis 21:16 (twice in verse) (E),
נֶגֶד Isaiah 47:14,
מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Jonah 4:5;
מִצַּד 1 Samuel 20:25;
Ruth 2:14; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb
Ezekiel 28:2;
לִשְׁמֹּט Exodus 18:13; Joel 4:12 (compare
Psalm 9:5;
Isaiah 28:6); hence absolute of
sitting as
king or
judge Exodus 18:14;
Psalm 61:8;
Malachi 3:3,
יושׁבים Isaiah 10:13, perhaps
Amos 1:5,
8, especially of
י׳ sitting (enthroned),
Psalm 2:4;
Psalm 9:8;
Psalm 29:10;
Psalm 55:20;
Psalm 102:13;
Lamentations 5:19, so in
ישֵׁב (הַ)כְּרוּבִים 1 Samuel 4:4;
2 Samuel 6:2 =
1 Chronicles 13:6;
2 Kings 19:15;
Psalm 99:1;
ישֵׁב תְּהִלּוֺת יִשְׂרָאֵל Psalm 22:4 (see with
עַל, above); by meton. of thrones, for the judges sitting on them
לְמִשְׁפָּט כִסְאוֺת יָֽשְׁבוּ שָׁמָּה Psalm 122:5;
הַיּשְׁבִים Ruth 4:14, i.e. in the gate (compare
Ruth 4:11), those in whose presence purchase of land took place.
b. sit, sit down, absolute,
Judges 19:6;
Ruth 4:1,
2;
Nehemiah 1:4;
Jeremiah 36:15 (followed by clause of purpose,
to eat, etc.)
Genesis 37:25;
Esther 3:15 +; opposed to
קוּם Exodus 32:6 (JE)
Psalm 139:2,
מְאַחֲרֵי שֶׁבֶת Psalm 127:2 (opposed to
מַשְׁכִּימֵי קוּם); so
Isaiah 37:28 =
2 Kings 19:27 (read
לְפָנַי קֻמְךָ at end of
2 Kings 19:27 =
2 Kings 19:26 We in Bl
Einl. 4, 257 Rs
Proph. 351, and n. 9); but also
קוּמִי שְׁבִי Isaiah 52:2, explained by (
וַיָּקָם מֵהָאָרֶץ וַיֵּשֶׁב אֶלהַֿמִּטָּה 1 Samuel 28:23 and)
2 Samuel 19:9.
†d. sit =
be set (as a jewel),
ישְׁבוֺתּ עַלמִֿלֵּאת Songs 5:12 set on a filling (i.e. in a setting, De and others), in description of eyes; (> others
sitting by full streams).
2.
a. remain, stay, tarry (for a limited or indefinite time), with
אֶת person
Genesis 24:55 (J),
Judges 19:4;
2 Samuel 16:8; with
עִם person
Genesis 27:44 (J),
עִמָּדִי Genesis 29:19 (E),
Judges 17:10; with
בְ local
1 Samuel 7:2 (of ark),
1 Samuel 13:16;
1 Samuel 14:2;
1 Samuel 24:4 (
1 Samuel 23:25 read
אֲשֶׁר for
וַיֵּשֶׁב 
We Dr Klo Kit Bu),
2 Samuel 10:5;
2 Samuel 19:25 (where read
שִׁבְתּוֺ for
שִׁיבָתוֺ Dr Klo Bu, see We),
Numbers 35:25 (P),
Job 24:13; with
שָׁם 1 Kings 11:16,
שָׁם עַדעֿוֺלָם 1 Samuel 1:22; with
על (
by)
1 Samuel 25:13;
1 Samuel 30:24;
פֹּה 2 Kings 7:4;
עִם־ פֹּה לָכֶם שְׁבוּ הַחֲמוֺר Genesis 22:5 (E); with
בֵּין Judges 5:16,
מִחוּץ לְ Leviticus 14:8 (P),
אֵצֶל 1 Samuel 20:19; with accusative
בית 2 Samuel 6:11;
2 Samuel 13:20;
Ruth 2:7; absolute
1 Samuel 1:23 (twice in verse);
abide, endure Micah 5:3,
וְיהוּדָה לְעוֺלָם תֵּשֵׁב Joel 4:20, so of Mt. Zion
Psalm 121:1.
b. with special emphasis on qualifying phrase,
וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּאֵיתָן קַשְׁתּוֺ Genesis 49:24 and his bow abode as a firm one (poem in J);
1 Kings 22:1 and they continued three years without war; of woman
remaining בִּדְמֵי טָהֳרָה Leviticus 12:4,
עלדֿמי וגו׳ Leviticus 12:5.
3. dwell, have one's abode in (
ב) a land, city, house, etc.,
Genesis 4:16;
Genesis 13:7,
12 (twice in verse);
Genesis 19:29;
Genesis 24:37,
62;
Deuteronomy 1:4;
Deuteronomy 3:2;
Joshua 20:6;
2 Samuel 7:6 + often (on
2 Samuel 21:16 see
ישׁבו בְנֹב); in tents
Jeremiah 35:7,
10;
1 Chronicles 5:10; figurative of justice (
צְדָקָה)
Isaiah 32:16 (||
מִשְׁפָּט וְשָׁכֵן); in the midst of (
בְּקֶרֶב)
Genesis 24:3;
Joshua 13:13;
Joshua 16:10;
Judges 1:30,
32,
33;
Judges 3:5; so with
בְּתוֺךְ Genesis 23:10 (P); with
עַל +
הארץ, of God
1 Kings 8:27 2 Chronicles 6:18; of people
Leviticus 25:18,
19;
Leviticus 26:35 (H); with
לְ Job 15:28; with
בֵּין Genesis 20:1 (E);
dwell with (
אֶת)
Genesis 34:16,
22 (P),
Exodus 2:21 (E),
Joshua 15:63 (JE),
Judges 1:16,
21;
Judges 17:11;
יֵשְׁבוּ אֶת־פָּיךָ יְשָׁרִים Psalm 140:14; so with
עִם Joshua 20:4;
Deuteronomy 23:17 (+
בקרב),
Psalm 26:4 (i.e.
assoc. with); with
יַחְדָּו Genesis 13:6 (twice in verse) (J),
Genesis 36:7 (P),
Deuteronomy 25:5;
שֶׁבֶת גַּםיָֿ֑חַד Psalm 133:1;
dwell in their stead (
תַּחְתָּם)
Deuteronomy 2:12 (twice in verse);
Deuteronomy 2:22,
23;
1 Chronicles 4:41;
1 Chronicles 5:22; absolute
לָשֶׁבֶת יְצָרָהּ Isaiah 45:18 for dwelling he formed it (the earth); (
thy)
dwelling-place is
מְקוֺם שִׁבְתְּךָ 1 Kings 8:30 2 Chronicles 6:21, also
מְכוֺן שׁ׳ 1 Kings 8:39,
43,
49 2 Chronicles 6:30,
33,
39, so
Psalm 33:14;
מָכוֺן לְש֔׳ Exodus 15:17;
1 Kings 8:13 2 Chronicles 6:2.
Participle ישֵׁב = substantive,
dweller, inhabitant, very often (approximately
215 times): e.g.
ישֵׁב אהלים Genesis 25:27 (J); often collective
ישֵׁב אהל Genesis 4:20 (J),
ישׁב הָאָרֶץ Genesis 34:30;
Genesis 50:11 (both J),
Exodus 34:12,
15 (JE); also in poetry f., (as collective; see Dr on
1 Samuel 17:21)
יוֺשֶׁבֶת שָׁפִיר etc.,
MI 1 Samuel 1:11 (twice in verse);
1 Samuel 1:12,
13,
15;
יוֺשֶׁבֶת צִיּוֺן Isaiah 12:6;
Jeremiah 51:35; similarly †
Jeremiah 10:17; Jeremiah 21:23;
Jeremiah 48:19 (compare
Lamentations 4:21)
Zechariah 2:11; with
בת in app. (Da
§28 R. 6),
יוֺשֶׁבֶת בַּתמִֿצְרַיִם †
Jeremiah 46:19, so
Jeremiah 48:18; more usually plural
ישְׁבֵי הֶעָרִים Genesis 19:25 (J), compare
Deuteronomy 13:14;
ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Exodus 23:21 (JE), compare
Exodus 15:14,
15 (poem in E);
ישְׁבֵי תֵבֵל Isaiah 18:3,
יוֺשְׁבֵי חָ֑דֶל Isaiah 38:11, etc.;
ישְׁבֶיהָ Leviticus 18:25;
Leviticus 25:10 (H),
Numbers 13:32 (P); absolute
יוֺשֵׁב (collective)
Amos 1:5,
8;
Isaiah 49:19;
הַיוֺשְׁבִים 1 Chronicles 9:2; also (strangely)
ישְׁבוֺת הארץ 1 Samuel 27:8 =
the populations of the land We Dr (elsewhere in this sense only feminine singular and in poetry, see above); frequently in phrase
without in habitant (i.e. so that there shall be no inhabitants),
מֵאֵין ישׁב Isaiah 5:9;
Isaiah 6:4;
Jeremiah 4:7;
Jeremiah 26:9;
Jeremiah 33:10; Jeremiah 34:23;
Jeremiah 44:22;
Jeremiah 46:19;
Jeremiah 51:29,
37;
Zephaniah 2:5;
Zephaniah 3:6;
מֵאֵין יוֺשֵׁב בָּהֶן Jeremiah 48:9;
מִבְּלִי ישֵׁב Jeremiah 2:15;
Jeremiah 9:10;
לאֹ יִהְיֶה יוֺשֵב בָּהּ Jeremiah 50:3;
לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֺתבּֿוֺ יוֺשֵׁב Jeremiah 51:62.
4. of a land or city,
sit, abide seated in its place, figurative for
be inhabited Jeremiah 17:6,
25;
Jeremiah 50:13,
39;
Ezekiel 26:20;
Ezekiel 29:11;
Ezekiel 36:35;
Isaiah 13:20 (||
לאֹ תִּשְׁכּוֺן),
Zechariah 2:8;
Zechariah 9:5;
Zechariah 14:11;
תַּחְתֶּיה יָֽשְׁבָה Zechariah 12:6;
Zechariah 14:10;
Ezekiel 35:9 Kt is
תישׁבנה, Qr
תָּשׁוֺבְנָה; Co
תושׁבנה, i.e. Niph.
תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה (compare
Ezekiel 36:10), or Hoph.
תּוּשַׁבְנָה (compare
Isaiah 44:26); of palace,
יֵשֵׁב עַל־סִשְׁפָּטוֹ וְאַרְמוֺן Jeremiah 30:18.
†
Niph. Perfect 3rd person feminine singular נוֺשָׁ֑בָה Jeremiah 6:8;
3rd person plural וְנָֽשְׁבוּ consecutive
Ezekiel 36:10,
נוֺשָׂ֑בוּ Ezekiel 26:19,
נוֺשָׁ֑בֻ֯ה Jeremiah 22:6;
Participle feminine נוֺשֶׁבֶת Ezekiel 26:17 (<
נִשְׁבַּתְּ Co, √
שׁבת),
נוֺשָׁ֑בֶת Exodus 16:35; plural
נוֺשָׁבוֺת Ezekiel 12:20;
Ezekiel 38:12; —
be inhabited, of land
Exodus 16:35 (perhaps =
be habitable),
Jeremiah 6:8; of cities
Jeremiah 22:6;
Ezekiel 12:20;
Ezekiel 26:19;
Ezekiel 36:10;
חֳרָבוֺת נוֺשָׁבוֺת Ezekiel 38:12; —
Ezekiel 26:17 see above;
Ezekiel 35:9 see
Qal 4.
†
Pi. Perfect 3rd person masculine plural וְיִשְּׁבוּ טִירוֺתֵיהֶם בָּ֑ךְ Ezekiel 25:4 and they shall set their encampments in thee (
Co
וְיֵשְׁבוּ inhabit).
†
Hiph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular השִׁיב Ezra 10:14, suffix
הוֺשַׁיבַנִי Lamentations 3:6;
Psalm 143:3;
1st person singular הוֺשַׁבְתִּי Leviticus 23:33,
וְה(וֺ)שַׁבְתִּים consecutive
Hosea 11:11;
Jeremiah 32:37;
וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים consecutive
Zechariah 10:6 (Kö
i, 413; but probably text error, see Thes and Ges
Lgb 464; read probably
וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים as
Zechariah 10:10, so Sta
ZAW. 1881, 21 We), etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיּוֺשֵׁב Genesis 47:11,
וַיּוֺ֫שֶׁב 2 Chronicles 8:2;
Psalm 107:36; suffix
וַיּוֺשִׁיבַי֯נִי 1 Kings 2:24 (Kö
i, 414. 224);
וַיּשִׁיבֵם Job 36:7;
1st person plural ונּ֫שֶׁב Ezra 10:2, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
הוֺשֵׁב Genesis 47:6; masculine plural
ה(וֺ)שִׁיבוּ 1 Kings 21:9,
10;
Infinitive construct ה(וֺ)שִׁיב 1 Samuel 2:8;
Nehemiah 13:27;
הוֺשִׁיבִי Psalm 113:8 (Ol
§ 123 d; read
־בוֹ, see Che);
Participle absolute
מוֺשִׁיב Psalm 68:7, construct
מוֺשִׁיבִי Psalm 113:9 (Ol
l. c. Ges
l. c.); —
3.
†
Hoph. Perfect וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם לְבַדְּכֶם בְּקֶרֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ Isaiah 5:8 and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land. Imperfect הָאֹמֵר לִירוּשָׁלַםִ תּוּשָׁב֑ Isaiah 44:26 he who saith of Jerusalem, she shall be inhabited. Ezekiel 35:9 see
Qal 4.
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H3488.
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