† I. [
שָׁנָה] 
verb change (Late Hebrew Pi., etc.; Ecclus 42:24; etc.; Assyrian 
šanû, 
change, Aramaic 
שְׁנָא, Nabataean Ethpa`al Lzb
379; Syriac 

, especially mentally = 
grow insane; compare (probably) Late Hebrew 
שָׁנָה year, = Phoenician 
שנת, 
שת; MI
2, 8 שת; Assyrian 
šattu (compare Muss-Arnolt
JBL xi (1892), 73 n.); Arabic 

; Aramaic 
שְׁנַא, 
שַׁתָּא, 

, 

; Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene 
שנתא, 
שנת, 
שת, 
שנן Lzb
379f.; on 
year from 
changing seasons, see Philippi
ZMG xxxii (1878), 79 f. Ba
ZMG xli (1887), 612, 621, 636 (especially against DHM
VIme Orient. Congr. ii. 1, 452 who proposes biliteral √), compare Thes; a daring suggestion by Jen
ZA vii (1892), 177); — 
Qal Perfect 1st person singular לאֹ שָׁנִיתִי Malachi 3:6 I am 
י׳, 
I do not change: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁנֶא (Ges
§ 75 rr) [
H8132 Lamentations 4:1] how 
is the fine gold 
changed (si vera lectio; Löhr
Now יִשָּׁנֵא; gloss on 
יוּעַס Bu Löhr); 
Infinitive construct שְׁנוֺת יְמִין עֶלְיוֺן Psalm 77:11 the right hand of the Highest is changed (
 
  
 
 Aq Symm Theod Hup-Now RVm Bae Du We Buhl; AV RV Ew De Che and others 
years, usually insert 
I will remember); 
Participle שׁוֺנִים Esther 1:7 differing, different, with 
מִן, compare 
Esther 3:8 (so Ecclus 42:24); 
Proverbs 24:21 those who change (but dubious, see Toy). 
Pi. transitive, 
change, alter: 
Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שִׁנָּה Jeremiah 52:33 with accusative garments, = 
שִׁנָּא (Ges
l.c.) [
H8132 2 Kings 25:29]; 
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יְשַׁנֶּה דִּין Proverbs 31:5 lest he pervert the judgment; 
וַיְשַׁנּוֺ 1 Samuel 21:14 (read 
וַיְשַׁן Ges
§ 75bb, 
וַיְשַׁנֶּה We Dr (and references), compare Bu HPS Now), with accusative 
טַעְמוֺ (see 
טַעַם, and Assyrian 
šanê ṭêmi, 
madness); 
וַיְשַׁנֶּהָ Esther 2:9, i.e. 
changed her place 
לְטוֺב בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים; 
1st person singular Psalm 89:35 the utterance of my lips 
I will not change (|| 
לֹא אֲחַלֵּל בְּרִיתִי); 
Infinitive construct לְשַׁנּוֺת אֶתדַּֿרְכֵךְ Jeremiah 2:36 i.e. change thy political course; 
בְּשַׁנּוֺתוֺ אֶתֿ טַעְמוֺ Psalm 34:1 (title; compare 
1 Samuel 21:14 above); 
Participle מְשַׁנֶּה פָנָיו Job 14:20 altering his face, i.e. in death (subject God). 
Pu. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וְעֹז מָּנָיו יְשֻׁנֶּא (Ges
§ 75 rr) [
H8132 Ecclesiastes 8:1], usually 
is changed, mollified, Siegf 
יִשָּׂנֵא is hated (on 
עֹז פ׳ see 
עֹז 4, √
עזז). 
Hithp. Perfect 2nd person feminine singular consecutive 
קוּמִי וְהִשְׁתַּנִּית 1 Kings 14:2 arise, pray, and disguise thyself. 
† III. שָׁנָה verb repeat, do again (Late Hebrew 
id.; 
Ecclus 42:1; Arabic 
 bend, fold, double
 bend, fold, double; Aramaic 
תְּנָא repeat, also 
teach, 

; Assyrian 
šanû, especially Pi. 
repeat, relate, compare Scheil
ZA v (1890), 409 (Dl thinks denominative); on 
שׁ׳ as √of 
שְׁנַיִם two, see Philippi
ZMG xxxii (1878), 77 Ba
ib. xli (1887), 603); — 
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁ׳ 2 Samuel 20:10; 
Imperfect 1st person singular אֶשְׁנֶה 1 Samuel 26:8, etc.; 
Imperative masculine plural שְׁנוּ 1 Kings 18:34; 
Participle שֹׁנֶה Proverbs 17:9; 
Proverbs 26:11; — 
do again: לוֹ שׁ׳ וְלֹא ֗֗֗ וַיַּכֵּהוּ 2 Samuel 20:10, compare 
1 Samuel 26:8; absolute 
1 Kings 18:34 (twice in verse); 
Nehemiah 13:21; = 
speak again Job 29:22 + 
Job 40:5 according to many moderns (
אשׁנה for MT 
אענה); 
בְּדָבָר שׁ׳ Proverbs 17:9 repeat with a thing, keep talking about it (
שנות דבר Ecclus 42:1); 
Proverbs 26:11 a dullard 
repeats with (
ב) his folly, does it over again (learns nothing by experience). 
Niph. Infinitive construct פַּעֲמָ֑יִם אֶל־פַּרְעֹה הַחֲלוֺם הִשָּׁנוֺת וְעַל Genesis 41:32 (E) 
concerning the dream's being repeated, etc.
														
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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